Expertise Out Of Context

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Expertise Out Of Context

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Author : Robert R. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2007

Expertise Out Of Context written by Robert R. Hoffman and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Business & Economics categories.

Researchers have revealed that real expertise, while applied to well-defined tasks with highly circumscribed contexts, often stretches beyond its routine boundaries. For example, a medical doctor may be called upon to diagnose a rare disease or perform emergency surgery outside his or her area of specialization because other experts are not available. Moreover, in some cases, the context for expertise is in a constant state of flux, such that no one case is identical. Expertise Out of Context is a culmination of some of the most insightful studies conducted by researchers in the fields of cognitive systems engineering and naturalistic decision making in the effort to better understand expertise and its development. Born out of the Sixth International Conference on Naturalistic Decision Making, a conference that gathers researchers who study cognition, perception, and reasoning outside of the traditional laboratory, this book is organized in five parts, the first of which provides an overview of the topic and presents varied perspectives. Consequent sections cover how to make sense of things, tools for thinking out of context, how to cope with uncertainty in a changing workplace, and teams operating out of context. As researchers in naturalistic decision making have investigated such areas as the knowledge and decision-making skills of expert firefighters, critical care nurses, military commanders, and aircraft pilots, this volume is of importance to an expansive audience, including individuals in business, government, industry, and society at large.

Expertise Out Of Context

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Author : Robert R. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2007-05-22

Expertise Out Of Context written by Robert R. Hoffman and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-22 with Business & Economics categories.

Researchers have revealed that real expertise, while applied to well-defined tasks with highly circumscribed contexts, often stretches beyond its routine boundaries. For example, a medical doctor may be called upon to diagnose a rare disease or perform emergency surgery outside his or her area of specialization because other experts are not availab

Expertise In Context

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Author : Paul J. Feltovich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

Expertise In Context written by Paul J. Feltovich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Expert systems (Computer science). categories.

The twenty-three essays in this volume discuss the essential nature of expert knowledge, as well as such questions such as how "expertise" differs from mere "knowledge," and relation between the individual and group processes involved in knowledge in general and expertise in particular, the social and other contexts of expertise, how expertise can be assessed, and the relation between human and computer expertise.

Context In Communication A Cognitive View

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Author : Gabriella Airenti
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-04-03

Context In Communication A Cognitive View written by Gabriella Airenti and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-03 with categories.

Context is what contributes to interpret a communicative act beyond the spoken words. It provides information essential to clarify the intentions of a speaker, and thus to identify the actual meaning of an utterance. A large amount of research in Pragmatics has shown how wide-ranging and multifaceted this concept can be. Context spans from the preceding words in a conversation to the general knowledge that the interlocutors supposedly share, from the perceived environment to features and traits that the participants in a dialogue attribute to each other. This last category is also very broad, since it includes mental and emotional states, together with culturally constructed knowledge, such as the reciprocal identification of social roles and positions. The assumption of a cognitive point of view brings to the foreground a number of new questions regarding how information about the context is organized in the mind and how this kind of knowledge is used in specific communicative situations. A related, very important question concerns the role played in this process by theory of mind abilities (ToM), both in typical and atypical populations. In this Research Topic, we bring together articles that address different aspects of context analysis from theoretical and empirical perspectives, integrating knowledge and methods derived from Philosophy of language, Linguistics, Cognitive Science, Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Clinical Psychology.

The Death Of Expertise

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Author : Tom Nichols
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-01

The Death Of Expertise written by Tom Nichols and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-01 with Political Science categories.

Technology and increasing levels of education have exposed people to more information than ever before. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything: with only a quick trip through WebMD or Wikipedia, average citizens believe themselves to be on an equal intellectual footing with doctors and diplomats. All voices, even the most ridiculous, demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism. Tom Nichols' The Death of Expertise shows how this rejection of experts has occurred: the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, and the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine, among other reasons. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. When ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy or, in the worst case, a combination of both. An update to the 2017breakout hit, the paperback edition of The Death of Expertise provides a new foreword to cover the alarming exacerbation of these trends in the aftermath of Donald Trump's election. Judging from events on the ground since it first published, The Death of Expertise issues a warning about the stability and survival of modern democracy in the Information Age that is even more important today.

Writings The Fount Of Knowledge

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Author : Saint John (of Damascus)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1958

Writings The Fount Of Knowledge written by Saint John (of Damascus) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1958 with Christian literature, Early categories.

The Case For Contextualism

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Author : Keith DeRose
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2011-05-05

The Case For Contextualism written by Keith DeRose and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-05 with Philosophy categories.

It's an obvious enough observation that the standards that govern whether ordinary speakers will say that someone knows something vary with context: What we are happy to call "knowledge" in some ("low-standards") contexts we'll deny is "knowledge" in other ("high-standards") contexts. But do these varying standards for when ordinary speakers will attribute knowledge, and for when they are in some important sense warranted in attributing knowledge, reflect varying standards for when it is or would be true for them to attribute knowledge? Or are the standards that govern whether such claims are true always the same? And what are the implications for epistemology if these truth-conditions for knowledge claims shift with context? Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. In The Case for Contextualism Keith DeRose offers a sustained state-of-the-art exposition and defense of the contextualist position, presenting and advancing the most powerful arguments in favor of the view and against its "invariantist" rivals, and responding to the most pressing objections facing contextualism.

Hormone And Metabolic Research

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990

Hormone And Metabolic Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Glucose categories.

The Theory Of Knowledge

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Author : Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1876

The Theory Of Knowledge written by Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1876 with Philosophy categories.

California Court Of Appeal 4th Appellate District Division 2 Records And Briefs

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Author : California (State).
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :

California Court Of Appeal 4th Appellate District Division 2 Records And Briefs written by California (State). and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Law categories.

Number of Exhibits: 1