Fabrication Characterization And Stamp Thermoforming Of Natural Fiber Polypropylene Composites Containing Kenaf Fibers
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Fabrication Characterization And Stamp Thermoforming Of Natural Fiber Polypropylene Composites Containing Kenaf Fibers
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Author : Stacey Anne Yankovich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Fabrication Characterization And Stamp Thermoforming Of Natural Fiber Polypropylene Composites Containing Kenaf Fibers written by Stacey Anne Yankovich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Fiber-reinforced plastics categories.
Multi Layered Experimental And Numerical Analsysis Of Stamp Thermoforming Processing Of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Sheets
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Author : Barbara Nicole Rodgers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Multi Layered Experimental And Numerical Analsysis Of Stamp Thermoforming Processing Of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Sheets written by Barbara Nicole Rodgers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Fiber-reinforced plastics categories.
Kenaf Fibers And Composites
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Author : S. M. Sapuan
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-06-14
Kenaf Fibers And Composites written by S. M. Sapuan and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-14 with Science categories.
Kenaf fiber is gaining attention as an alternative reinforcement for composite products due to low cost, reduced environmental impact, and attractive mechanical properties. Kenaf Fibers and Composites covers the breadth of these exciting materials, from raw material preparation to application in a variety of products. It discusses fiber characterization and properties, how to prepare kenaf-based composites, and design, manufacturing, and applications. It also covers hybrid fiber composites, kenaf fiber thermosetting composites, kenaf fiber thermoplastic composites, kenaf fibers in various lengths, and forms and arrangements such as particulates, continuous roving, and woven fabrics. Cellulose-based kenaf composites and kenaf fiber-filled biopolymer composites are presented.
Effect Of The Chemical Treatment On The Inorganic Content Of Kenaf Fibers And On The Performance Of Kenaf Polypropylene Composites
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Author : Nikole Lyn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Effect Of The Chemical Treatment On The Inorganic Content Of Kenaf Fibers And On The Performance Of Kenaf Polypropylene Composites written by Nikole Lyn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Fiber-reinforced plastics categories.
Composites consisting of natural fibers and a polymer-based matrix have received considerable attention as an alternative to traditional mineral fibers such as glass-fiber. Composites containing natural fibers have the benefit of being light-weight and environmentally friendly but fall short with their mechanical properties, moisture resistance and thermal resistance, limiting their use to non-structural applications and low moisture environments. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate kenaf fibers as an alternative natural fiber in the development of polypropylene composites. The chemical composition and inorganic content of kenaf fibers was quantified. The effect of alkalization of milled kenaf fiber (MKF) with sodium hydroxide on inorganic content was assessed. The effects of MKF alkalization and the addition of the coupling agent maleic anhydride were investigated. MKF was treated for two hours with aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at different concentrations (0%, 3%, and 6%) and two temperatures (room temperature and 80°C). The treated MKF was analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and chemical composition analysis to assess the effect of sodium hydroxide treatment. Optical microscopy showed the presence of thin protrusions with MKF treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at 80°C. SEM images showed a smoother fibrillar surface of MKF when treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at 80°C. TGA analysis indicated that the hemicellulose shoulder between 240°C and 325°C disappeared when treated with 3% and 6% NaOH at room temperature and 80°C indicating removal of hemicellulose. This was confirmed by chemical composition analysis which showed a decrease in hemicellulose mass fraction and an increase in cellulose mass fraction when MKF was treated with NaOH at 3% and 6% at room temperature and 80°C. The inorganic content for alkalized MKF was obtained with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP) for 20 elements. Major elements (greater than 150 [microgram] element/g fiber) were Fe, Ca, Na, Mg, K, Al, and B. Minor elements (less than 150 [microgram] element/g fiber) were Ni, Mn, Ba, Zn, Pb, Sr, Cr, Y, Cu, Co, Cd, Li and V. Calcium had the greatest content (4503- 4982 [microgram] element/g fiber). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effects of NaOH treatment concentration and temperature on elemental concentration. Of the major elements, NaOH concentration had an effect on Fe, Ca, Na, K, Al and B while treatment temperature had an effect on Na, K and Al. The interaction between NaOH concentration and treatment temperature had an effect on all major elements. The inorganic elements analyzed by ICP accounted for 0.76-0.94 wt.% of kenaf depending on the alkali treatment conditions. Composites were prepared with MKF subjected to alkalization treatments and polypropylene (PP) using twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (MAPP) was added to assess its effect on composite performance. MKF-PP composites were tested for tensile strength (28.9-30.3 MPa), elongation at break (5.1-6.0%), and Young's Modulus (665.5-710.9 MPa). Tensile tests showed 3% and 6% NaOH treatment at room temperature and 80°C of MKF did not affect the mechanical performance (tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus) of the composite. Addition of MAPP to composites, with and without NaOH treatment, improved the tensile strength (31.6-35.0 MPa) of the composite. SEM showed that composites without MAPP had poor fiber wetting and showed fiber pull out in the fractured composite cross-sections. SEM of MKF-PP composites with MAPP showed a polymer coating on the surface of MKF. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of composites showed carbon and oxygen on all composites. Room temperature treated MKF composites showed higher oxygen concentrations in samples without MAPP. 80°C treated MKF composites showed lower oxygen concentrations in samples without MAPP. Future work should consider the effects of NaOH treatments at higher concentrations and temperature and their effects on cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and inorganic content. It would also be interesting to see if adding inorganic content to kenaf fiber alters its performance in polypropylene based composites.
Polypropylene Handbook
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Author : József Karger-Kocsis
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-18
Polypropylene Handbook written by József Karger-Kocsis and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book extensively reviews Polypropylene (PP), the second most widely produced thermoplastic material, having been produced for over 60 years. Its synthesis, processing and application are still accompanied by vigorous R&D developments because the properties of PP are at the borderline between those of commodity and engineering thermoplastics. Readers are introduced to various tacticities and polymorphs of PP, and their effects on structural properties. Further, the book addresses the control of optical properties using nucleants, provides strategies for overcoming the limited cold/impact resistance of PP, examines in detail the effects of recycling, and presents guidelines for the property modification of PPs through foaming, filling and reinforcing with respect to target applications. Special attention is paid to descriptions and models of properties as a function of morphological variables. Last but not least, the book suggests potential practical applications of PP-based systems, especially in the packaging, appliances, building/construction, textile and automotive sectors. Each chapter, written by internationally respected scientists, reflects the current state-of-art in the respective field and offers a vital source of information for students, researchers and engineers interested in the morphology, properties, testing and modeling of PP and PP-based systems. The content is indispensable to the appropriate application of PPs and related composites.
Engineering Solutions For Sustainability
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Author : Jeffrey W. Fergus
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-08-06
Engineering Solutions For Sustainability written by Jeffrey W. Fergus and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book contains a collection of papers presented at Engineering Solutions for Sustainability: Materials and Resources II, a special symposium organized as part of the TMS 2015 Annual Meeting & Exhibition and held in Orlando, Florida, March 15-19, 2015. With impending and burgeoning societal issues affecting both developed and emerging nations, the global engineering community has a responsibility and an opportunity to truly make a difference and contribute. The papers in this collection address what materials and resources are integral to meeting basic societal sustainability needs in critical areas of energy, transportation, housing, and recycling. Contributions focus on the engineering answers for cost-effective, sustainable pathways; the strategies for effective use of engineering solutions; and the role of the global engineering community. Authors share perspectives on the major engineering challenges that face our world today; identify, discuss, and prioritize engineering solution needs; and establish how these fit into developing global-demand pressures for materials and human resources.
Natural Fibre Composites
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Author : Alma THULE
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2014-02-13
Natural Fibre Composites written by Alma THULE and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The use of natural fibres as reinforcements in composites has grown in importance in recent years. Natural Fibre Composites summarises the wealth of significant recent research in this area. Chapters in part one introduce and explore the structure, properties, processing, and applications of natural fibre reinforcements, including those made from wood and cellulosic fibres. Part two describes and illustrates the processing of natural fibre composites. Chapters discuss ethical practices in the processing of green composites, manufacturing methods and compression and injection molding techniques for natural fibre composites, and thermoset matrix natural fibre-reinforced composites. Part three highlights and interprets the testing and properties of natural fibre composites including, non-destructive and high strain rate testing. The performance of natural fibre composites is examined under dynamic loading, the response of natural fibre composites to impact damage is appraised, and the response of natural fibre composites in a marine environment is assessed. Natural Fibre Composites is a technical guide for professionals requiring an understanding of natural fibre composite materials. It offers reviews, applications and evaluations of the subject for researchers and engineers. Introduces and explores the structure, properties, processing, and applications of natural fibre reinforcements, including those made from wood and cellulosic fibres Highlights and interprets the testing and properties of natural fibre composites, including non-destructive and high strain rate testing Examines performance of natural fibre composites under dynamic loading, the response of natural fibre composites to impact damage, and the response of natural fibre composites in a marine environment
Tribological Applications Of Composite Materials
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Author : Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-14
Tribological Applications Of Composite Materials written by Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book covers the current advances and practices in tribological applications of composite materials under various processes, presenting the development, characterization, and morphological properties of composite materials in tribological applications. It covers a wide range of subjects, extending from fundamental research on the tribological characteristics of various multi-phase materials to the final applications of composites in wear loaded, technical components. It brings together contributions from researchers who discusses innovative experimental approaches and analytical techniques, creating a reference with comprehensive coverage of modern research techniques and the potential application of tribological composites in biomedical, aerospace, automotive, marines and construction industries. This volume will be of interest to material science researchers working in both industry and academia
A Multi Preferred Fiber Orientation Constitutive Model For Fiber Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics With A Random Orientation Applied To The Stamp Thermo Hydroforming Process
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Author : Michael Andrew Zampaloni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
A Multi Preferred Fiber Orientation Constitutive Model For Fiber Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics With A Random Orientation Applied To The Stamp Thermo Hydroforming Process written by Michael Andrew Zampaloni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Fiber-reinforced plastics categories.
Green Composites
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Author : Sabu Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-01-18
Green Composites written by Sabu Thomas and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents important developments in green chemistry, with a particular focus on composite materials chemistry. In recent years, natural polymers have generated much interest due to their unique morphology and physical properties. The book gives an introductory overview of green composites, and discusses their emerging interdisciplinary applications in various contemporary fields. The chapters, written by leading experts from industry and academia, cover different aspects of biodegradable green composites and natural polymers including their processing, manufacturing, properties, and applications. This book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers as well as industry professionals interested in biodegradable composites.