Family Productivity Labor Supply And Welfare In A Low Income Country
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Family Productivity Labor Supply And Welfare In A Low Income Country
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Author : John L. Newman
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1992
Family Productivity Labor Supply And Welfare In A Low Income Country written by John L. Newman and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper develops an analytical approach to estimate family labor supply and consumption decisions appropriate for developing countries. The approach allows for an arbitrary number of family members, each of whom may or may not engage in multiple activities. The authors identify the marginal returns to work in self-employment without directly observing the marginal returns or estimating the enterprise's production function. The key feature of the approach is to work with underlying structural marginal return and marginal rate of substitution functions together with first order Kuhn-Tucker conditions. This model is used to analyze family consumption and labor supply decisions of rural landholding households in Peru. The authors estimate coefficients of the marginal rate of substitution of family consumption for individual family member's leisure and marginal returns to two activities - wage work and self-employed agriculture. Using the estimated coefficients of the structural model together with the budget constraint, they simulate the effects of increasing returns to wage work and self-employed agriculture on family consumption and hours of work in the two activities. Estimating the structural parameters of the marginal rate of substitution allows the authors to convert leisure to consumption units and to calculate the compensating and equivalent variation of the changes in returns.
Sector Participation Decisions In Labor Supply Models
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Author : Menno Pradhan
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1995
Sector Participation Decisions In Labor Supply Models written by Menno Pradhan and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Business & Economics categories.
Living Standards Measurement Study No. 113. This paper analyzes the extent to which workers in Bolivia face barriers to entry in the formal and informal sectors of the urban labor market. These barriers are most prevalent in the formal sector becau
Poverty Comparisons And Household Survey Design
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Author : Steven Howes
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1997-01-01
Poverty Comparisons And Household Survey Design written by Steven Howes and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-01 with Social Science categories.
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 356. The World Bank has become the world's largest lender in the health, nutrition, and population (HNP) sectors, requiring the institution to seek ever greater evidence that its work is effective on the ground. This paper reviews the literature on the causes of observed changes in health and fertility levels, on the evaluation of policies, and on programs designed to accelerate these changes. It presents a framework that delineates the relationships between Bank activities in the HNP sectors, the characteristics of a health care system, household behavior, and changes in health outcomes. The paper also describes a strategy for assessing the development effectiveness of the Bank's work in these sectors. The underlying thesis is that changes in health policy and improved outcomes depend on the the demand for health services and on institutional incentives that drive health care system performance.
Modelling The Efficiency Of Family And Hired Labour
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Author : Prem Jung Thapa
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-01
Modelling The Efficiency Of Family And Hired Labour written by Prem Jung Thapa and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This title was first published in 2003.The principal economic units in most developing countries are family based farm households. Empirical models that recognize the dual role of the farm household as producer and consumer in a theoretically consistent manner are essential tools for policy analyses. This book provides an important extension of the conventional farm household model by developing an analytical framework that allows for efficiency differences between family and hired labour as inputs in farm production. The model is estimated with survey data from the southern lowland region of Nepal. The estimation strategy is a two-step process. The first step estimates a farm-level production function in which is embedded a test for heterogeneity between family and hired labour. The labour heterogeneity detected in the production function estimation is incorporated, at the second step, in the labour supply estimation in a theoretically consistent manner. The methodological novelty is to relate the shadow wage rate for family labour to the observed market wage rate for hired labour, adjusted for the differential productivity of family and hired labour detected in the production function estimation.
The Quality And Availability Of Family Planning Services And Contraceptive Use In Tanzania
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Author : Kathleen Beegle
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1995
The Quality And Availability Of Family Planning Services And Contraceptive Use In Tanzania written by Kathleen Beegle and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Social Science categories.
Living Standards Measurement Study No. 114. Analyzes characteristics of health facilities and pharmacies as determinants of contraceptive use and fertility in Tanzania. The high level of fertility in Tanzania has remained constant over the p
Measuring The Effects Of Geographic Targeting On Poverty Reduction
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Author : Judy L. Baker
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1994
Measuring The Effects Of Geographic Targeting On Poverty Reduction written by Judy L. Baker and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Business & Economics categories.
This third and final volume from the City Study analyzes the structure of Bogota and Cali, Colombia by modelling different markets and the behavior of individuals, households, firms, and governments within these markets. Simple economic reasoning is used to understand the urban behavior that can determine a city's overall appearance and structure. The author underlines the importance of this understanding which, he argues, could lead to the creation of more effective urban policies. This study links infrastructure requirements and supply to the behavior of urban life and to the existing income distribution in the city. The author concludes that institutional responses to the rapidly changing and unpredictable demands of metropolitan residents must become an inherent part of city structure, and that this would be the most practical way of coping with urban growth.
Agricultural Household Modelling And Family Economics
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Author : F. Caillavet
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 1994-12-07
Agricultural Household Modelling And Family Economics written by F. Caillavet and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-12-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Agricultural households, both in the European Union and world-wide, have experienced important changes during the last three decades. This book covers recent advances both in family economics and in modelling the relationship between the farm-household and the farm-firm. Both theoretical and empirical aspects of Agricultural Household Modelling and Family Economics are also discussed, providing a timely contribution to research in this area.
The Tradeoff Between Number Of Children And Child Schooling
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Author : Mark Montgomery
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1995
The Tradeoff Between Number Of Children And Child Schooling written by Mark Montgomery and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Social Science categories.
Annotation World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study No. 112. Assesses evidence of a negative correlation between the number of children born and levels of child schooling by examining their determinants. In many developing countries, as parents have fewer children, they invest more in the health, education, and welfare of each child. This "quantity-quality tradeoff" is vividly illustrated in the recent economic development of Southeast Asia and Latin America. In Sub-Saharan Africa, however, the existence of such a tradeoff has not been established. The few studies conducted to date reveal either no correlation or a slightly positive one, whereby higher fertility rates are linked to greater schooling per child. This study examines the determinants of fertility and of child schooling in C te d'Ivoire and Ghana to assess evidence of a tradeoff, using data from three surveys conducted between 1985 and 1987. The results are mixed. In C te d'Ivoire, there is evidence of such a tradeoff in urban areas but not rural ones. In urban areas, female schooling, higher income, and improved child survival are associated with lower fertility and higher child schooling. In both rural and urban areas of Ghana, there is a tradeoff between fertility and child schooling with higher incomes, and, in rural Ghana, with increases in mothers' schooling. Also available in French ("La relation entre le nombre des enfants et de la scolarisation: Le cas de la C te d'Ivoire et du Ghana"): (ISBN 0-8213-3374-7) Stock No. 13374.
Model Living Standards Measurement Study Survey Questionnaire For The Countries Of The Former Soviet Union
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Author : Raylynn Oliver
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1997-01-01
Model Living Standards Measurement Study Survey Questionnaire For The Countries Of The Former Soviet Union written by Raylynn Oliver and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-01 with Social Science categories.
Living Standards Measurement Survey Working Paper No. 130.This document presents a set of Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) questionnaires that have been developed for use in the Russian-speaking countries of the former Soviet Union. The questionnaires are available in English and Russian, as well as in an electronic format. The document describes in detail how to modify the questionnaires for use in any specific country. The author guides the questionnaire writer through the modification process, illustrating the important aspects of LSMS surveys, the translation and field-testing procedures, and a section-by-section description of the types of modification that are likely to be required to suit particular goals and circumstances.Also available in Russian : (ISBN 0-8213-3935-4) / Stock No. 13935
Poverty Lines In Theory And Practice
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Author : Martin Ravallion
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1998-01-01
Poverty Lines In Theory And Practice written by Martin Ravallion and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
A poverty line helps focus the attention of governments and civil society on the living conditions of the poor. This paper offers a critical overview of alternative approaches to setting poverty lines. In reviewing the methods found in practice, the paper tries to throw light on, and go some way toward resolving, ongoing debates about poverty measurement, emphasizing those debates which would appear to have greatest bearing on policy discussions.