Filtration Of Ultra Small Particles On Fibrous Filters
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Filtration Of Ultra Small Particles On Fibrous Filters
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Author : Igor Evgenevich Agranovski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Filtration Of Ultra Small Particles On Fibrous Filters written by Igor Evgenevich Agranovski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Aerosols categories.
Abstract: The problem of filtration of liquid aerosols by both wettable and nonwettable filters has been extensively studied and the results of the theoretical calculations together with the experimental results are presented. More realistic models of filtration by both wettable and nonwettable filters have been developed and verified experimentally.--A new instrument has been developed, and used in the experiments, for the measurement of the absolute concentration of aerosols in the gas stream. This instrument is based on the measurement of the initial vapour content of the gas stream simultaneously with the measurement of the vapour content after the total evaporation of aerosol. The concentration of the aerosol is calculated as the difference between these two values. The instrument was developed to provide fast and accurate measurements of aerosol concentration. The main advantages of the instrument are: high accuracy, simplicity of measurement, possibility of use for a wide range of substances, perfect suitability of operation for automatic monitoring technologies, etc. All rights for this instrument have been reserved and the fully automatic version will be available in the near future.--It was found that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the wettable filter depends on the thickness of the liquid film on the fibre. This parameter was taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on wettable fibrous filters. The particle breakthrough problem has been solved by the optimisation of the aspect ratio (the ratio of the height by width) of the wettable filter. On this basis, industrial devices have been developed, patented, and implemented in industry. These devices provide a stable operating efficiency of higher than 99%.--It was found experimentally that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the nonwettable filter depends on the diameter of the drop suspended on the filter, and on the area of the filter blocked by drops: this influences the velocity of filtration. All these parameters were taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on nonwettable fibrous filters.--On the basis of this model, satisfactorily verified by the experiments, an industrial device has been developed. The harnessing of atomisers makes it possible to maintain the efficiency of filtration higher than 99%, even with a relatively high velocity of filtration of 2.7m/s. The new technology is tackling the problem of handling huge amounts of exhaust gases and this is particularly important for cramped installations when the space available for the air pollution control technology is quite limited.--A highly efficient gas cleaning technology has been developed. This technology is based on combining two stages (wet scrubber and filter) of currently utilised air pollution control devices by submerging the fibrous filter into the liquid on the plate. The new device provides an effective division of the main gas stream into ultra-small bubbles which increase the contact area between the gas and liquid phases. It was estimated theoretically and verified experimentally that the efficiency of the proposed 'combined' technology, is 45% higher than the efficiency of the two stages technology. The technology has been patented and will be offered for industrial implementation in the near future.
Modeling Particle Filtration And Caking In Fibrous Filter Media
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Author : Seyed Alireza Hosseini
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Modeling Particle Filtration And Caking In Fibrous Filter Media written by Seyed Alireza Hosseini and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Filters and filtration categories.
This study is aimed at developing modeling methodologies for simulating the flow of air and aerosol particles through fibrous filter media made up of micro- or nano-fibers. The study also deals with modeling particle deposition (due to Brownian diffusion, interception, and inertial impaction) and particle cake formation, on or inside fibrous filters. By computing the air flow field and the trajectory of airborne particles in 3-D virtual geometries that resemble the internal microstructure of fibrous filter media, pressure drop and collection efficiency of micro- or nano-fiber filters are simulated and compared with the available experimental studies. It was demonstrated that the simulations conducted in 3-D disordered fibrous domains, unlike previously reported 2-D cell-model simulations, do not need any empirical correction factors to closely predict experimental observations. This study also reports on the importance of fibers' cross-sectional shape for filters operating in slip (nano-fiber filters) and no-slip (micro-fiber filters) flow regimes. In particular, it was found that the more streamlined the fiber geometry, the lower the fiber drag caused by a nanofiber relative to that generated by its micron-sized counterpart. This work also presents a methodology for simulating pressure drop and collection efficiency of a filter medium during instantaneous particle loading using the Fluent CFD code, enhanced by using a series of in-house subroutines. These subroutines are developed to allow one to track particles of different sizes, and simulate the formation of 2-D and 3-D dendrite particle deposits in the presence of aerodynamic slip on the surface of the fibers. The deposition of particles on a fiber and the previously deposited particles is made possible by developing additional subroutines, which mark the cells located at the deposition sites and modify their properties to so that they resemble solid or porous particles. Our unsteady-state simulations, in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations reported in the literature, predict the rate of increase of pressure drop and collection efficiency of a filter medium as a function of the mass of the loaded particles.
Aerosol Filtration
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Author : Dominique Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-11-30
Aerosol Filtration written by Dominique Thomas and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-30 with Science categories.
Filtration of aerosols is omnipresent in our daily lives, in areas as diverse as health, the protection of people and the environment, and air treatment inside buildings. However, the collection of particles within a filter media is not, contrary to popular belief, linked to a simple screen effect. The phenomena involved are much more complex and require the consideration of aerosol interactions, filter media and process conditions to select the best fiber filter for a given application. Aerosol Filtration, book for students, hygiene or process engineers, fibrous media manufacturers, designers, and filtration system suppliers or users addresses the filtration of aerosols in six chapters. These chapters cover physics and aerosol characterization, the fibrous media, and efficiency and filter clogging by solid or liquid aerosols, with special attention to the filtration of the nanoparticles. Analyses the behavior of fibrous media against solid and liquid aerosols Presents models of efficiency and pressure drop Introduces computing elements for estimating the lifetime of filters Provides guidance for designing filters and predicting their behavior over time
The Effect Of The Filtration Element Shape On The Filtration Efficiency Of A Filter
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Author : Mihai Chiruta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
The Effect Of The Filtration Element Shape On The Filtration Efficiency Of A Filter written by Mihai Chiruta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Numerical Investigation Of Particle Filtration Process In Fibrous Filters
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Author : Zhili Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Numerical Investigation Of Particle Filtration Process In Fibrous Filters written by Zhili Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Stochastic Problems In Physics And Astronomy
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Author : Morton D Hull Distinguished Service Professor S Chandrasekhar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-04
Stochastic Problems In Physics And Astronomy written by Morton D Hull Distinguished Service Professor S Chandrasekhar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04 with categories.
Includes Diffraction Of X-Rays By Liquid Elements. Edited By J. W. Buchta, A. H. Compton, K. T. Compton, K. K. Darrow, E. C. Kemble And D. L. Webster.
An Investigation Of Aerosol Filtration Via Fibrous Filters
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
An Investigation Of Aerosol Filtration Via Fibrous Filters written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
The most common method of removing particles from a gas stream is via fibrous filters. However, most of the previous studies have been limited to systems consisting of rows of fibers (often in two-dimensional geometries) perpendicular to the flow direction. The current work is aiming to develop an understanding of the role of filter?s microstructure and manufacturing process. In the first part of this study, pressure drop and nanoparticle collection efficiency of lightweight spun-bonded media are simulated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations inside three-dimensional geometries resembling the microstructure of such media. These pressure drop and collection efficiencies showed a perfect agreement with experimental data. In the second part of this work, the influences of fiber length and compaction ratio of filter media on the pressure drop are discussed. Simulation data of staple fiber media have shown good agreement with Davies? empirical equation. Such an agreement indicates that, within the range of dimensions considered, the fiber length has no significant influence on the materials? through-plane permeability as long as the SVF remains constant. Our simulation results for nonwovens with different compaction ratios, together with our experimental data, indicate that pressure drop of the porous media increases with increasing the compaction ratio or temperature of the calender rolls. In the third part of this work, we presented our approach for modeling permeability of fibrous filters with bimodal fiber size distributions (referred to as bimodal filters in this context). The three-dimensional microstructures resembling bimodal filter media with random in-plane fiber orientation distribution were generated to compute their permeability constants. These results were compared with the previous analytical and numerical models as well as our experimental data. Here we concluded that there exists an area-weighted equivalent average diameter for each bimodal filter tha.
Fibrous Filter Media
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Author : Philip Brown
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2017-06-16
Fibrous Filter Media written by Philip Brown and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fibrous Filter Media comprehensively covers the types, manufacture, applications, performance, and modeling of fibrous filter media. Part I introduces the principles of gas and liquid filtration, while Part II presents an overview of the types of fibrous filters, including details of fiber types, fabric construction, and applications. Part III covers a variety of filtration applications in which fibrous assemblies are used, with examples ranging from filtration for improving air quality, to medical filters, to industrial waste-water filtration. Finally, Part III covers the properties and performance of fibrous filters, including chapters on filter performance and simulation. With its expert editors and international team of contributors, this important book provides information on fibrous filters relevant to fiber and textile scientists, and is also ideal for academics and industry professionals working in the field of filtration. Dr. Philip Brown is Sweetenburg Professor of polymer and textile engineering at Clemson University, USA. Dr. Christopher Cox is Professor of mathematical sciences at Clemson University, USA. Systematic and comprehensive coverage of the trends and new technologies being developed in the field of fibrous filter media Focused on the needs of the textiles and filtration industries, with a clear emphasis on applied technology Contains contributions from an international team of authors edited by an expert in the field
Nanoparticles And Occupational Health
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Author : Andrew D. Maynard
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-04-06
Nanoparticles And Occupational Health written by Andrew D. Maynard and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume, a reprint from a special issue of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research, draws on work presented at The Second International Symposium on Nanotechnology and Occupational Health, held in Minnesota in 2005. It presents an interdisciplinary approach to nanotechnology and occupational health and offers an overview of recent developments toward assessment and management of hazards and risks associated with engineered nanomaterials.
Some Observations Concerning The Capture Of Sub Micron Particles By Fine Fibres In Filters
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Author : P. Cavanagh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Some Observations Concerning The Capture Of Sub Micron Particles By Fine Fibres In Filters written by P. Cavanagh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with categories.
When aerosols of sub-micron particles pass through a fibrous filter, the fibres capture some of the particles. In order to find the relative importance of various possible mechanisms of capture, a means was devised for using and observing sub-micron fibres in the form of a two-dimensional filter. With this, various aspects of filtration were examined. It was found that by far the greatest effect in causing capture of particles was the vibratory component of air flow. If the air flow was very steady, few particles were captured. If vibrations were superimposed on a steady flow, captures increased greatly. Under all conditions used, sub-micron fibres captured far more particles than seemed reasonable for their sizes compared with micron fibres. Possible reasons for this are discussed.