Financial Development Human Capital And Political Stability
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Financial Development Human Capital And Political Stability
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Author : Jean-François Outreville
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Financial Development Human Capital And Political Stability written by Jean-François Outreville and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Economic stabilization categories.
Abstract: In this paper we take a look at the empirical relationship between the level of financial development and socio-economic variables reflecting different levels of development in the light of the recent literature on the role of human capital in economic development. The empirical results, based on a cross-sectional analysis of 57 developing countries, indicate that human capital and socio-political stability are important factors explaining the level of financial development of these markets.
The Role Of Human Capital Financial Development And Political Stability In Economic Growth
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Author : A. Dwyfor Evans
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
The Role Of Human Capital Financial Development And Political Stability In Economic Growth written by A. Dwyfor Evans and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
Impact Of Political Stability On Economic Development
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Author : Addis Ababa Othow Akongdit
language : en
Publisher: Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
Release Date : 2019-10-04
Impact Of Political Stability On Economic Development written by Addis Ababa Othow Akongdit and has been published by Christian Faith Publishing, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-04 with Business & Economics categories.
The main theme of this study is chosen in response to the general consensus on the importance of conducting a comprehensive study that may shape the economic policies and promote the business sector as well as the government and other organizations. However, the key question posed by this study is whether the theory that political stability fosters economic development is simply the wishful thinking of people who value both stability and growth or whether it is a delusion of those who believe that most developing countries may enjoy rapid growth if they are stable. The importance of this study is clear: South Sudan is confronted with enormous challenges of administrative, ethnic, political, and economic development. In light of this, the current study addresses the following issues: "What is the impact of the political system in South Sudan on economic development? What is the impact of oil resources on sustainable development? What is the impact of the oil shutdown on political and economic stability, and what is the possibility of deficit financing? Is there any possibility for cooperation between Sudan and South Sudan?" In this context, the major objective of this study is to analyze the political development of the country to verify that political stability fosters the achievement of economic and social development. It also seeks to analyse the political history of Sudan in general and South Sudan in particular, emphasising the importance of political stability, among other considerations, as a precondition for socioeconomic development. Furthermore, other objectives of the study include suggestions on how political stability could be ensured in South Sudan and how good governance may promote political and economic stability. In light of the above, this study focuses on the issues of the political transition and policies that will improve the economic, political, and social well-being of the people of South Sudan. It seeks ways of setting up policies that will raise the standard of living of people with sustained growth and move from a simple, low-income economy to a modern, high-income economy. It also attempts to develop a framework for cooperation between Sudan and South Sudan. The methodology that is adopted to address these issues is collecting, sorting, and analysing primary and secondary information relating to the history of political and economic development in South Sudan, using empirical approaches such as SWOT analysis, information sources, references, and books. However, this study is organized as follows: chapter 1 discusses political stability and economic development in a theoretical framework through which we explore the empirical analysis; it is divided into four sections. Section 1 focuses on definition, causes, and measurement of political stability with an aim to assess the effect of political stability on growth-related variables. In section 2, we define the concept of political instability and measure it by using indicators like the number of coups d'état, the number of major government crises, the number of cabinet changes, and the number of political revolutions as well as political assassinations. Section 3 discusses the concept and definition of economic development and summarizes the major theories of economic development in five fundamental elements. The last section explores the implications of financing economic development by discussing domestic resources (including deficit financing) and foreign financial resources and the role of each of them in achieving economic development. Chapter 2 presents the political and social background of South Sudan is divided into three sections. Section 1 discusses South Sudan's ability to function and successfully implement its policies and strategic vision for the year 2040. Section 2 focuses on the demographic structure of South Sudan in terms of population, education, languages, and culture. Section 3 discusses the social indicators such as infrastructure, poverty, and corruption which affect improving social welfare as well as the political stability and economic development of the Republic of South Sudan. Chapter 3 focuses on the South Sudan economy and the challenges. Here we discuss the political and development challenges facing South Sudan as well as the investment opportunities. This chapter discusses the major challenges which face South Sudan, especially issues such as border demarcation, political reform, and oil shutdown as well as investment opportunities in oil and agriculture. In chapter 4, we discuss South Sudan's oil and economic development. It focuses on oil resources and their impact on sustainable development, the impact of oil shutdown on political and economic development and the possibility of deficit financing. In chapter 5, we discuss the future of stability and prosperity in South Sudan. It discusses how good governance and cooperation can be enormously beneficial to South Sudan in the process of building sustainable political and economic stability and what South Sudan can learn from other countries. The major findings of this study are as follows: - Political stability plays an important role in determining economic growth and economic development in many economies. - The degree of political stability is high if there is a high degree of democracy or autocracy. - Strong democracies or strong autocracies are best equipped to provide political stability that may lead to economic development. It is then the level of political stability within a given country, regardless of regime type, that results in economic growth. - Long-term sustainable economic growth depends on the ability to raise the rates of accumulation of physical and human capital by securing necessary sources (domestic, foreign, or deficit finance) to use efficiently for financing economic development. - Most economists view corruption as a major obstacle to development. It is seen as one of the causes of low income and is believed to play a critical role in generating poverty traps (e.g., Blackburn et al. 2006). Thus, corruption, according to this view, "sands" the wheels of development and it makes economic and political transitions difficult. - Not only is good governance critical to development, but it is also the most important factor in determining whether a country has the capacity to use resources effectively to promote economic growth and reduce poverty.
The Role Of Human Capital And Political Instability In Economic Development
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Author : Jess Benhabib
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Role Of Human Capital And Political Instability In Economic Development written by Jess Benhabib and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.
The Contribution Of Trade Conditional On Human Capital Financial Development And Institution To Economic Development Evidence From Asean Nation
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Author : Khim Samitt
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-10-06
The Contribution Of Trade Conditional On Human Capital Financial Development And Institution To Economic Development Evidence From Asean Nation written by Khim Samitt and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-06 with Political Science categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,3, , language: English, abstract: This thesis addresses the relationship between economic development and trade openness as well as some structural factors (i.e., human capital, financial resources and institution) in the ASEAN countries. This thesis has three objectives. First, it attempts to qualitatively describe the ASEAN cooperation in order to promote interest in ASEAN. Second, it quantitatively estimates the effect of international trade on economic development of the ASEAN nations. Finally, it investigates how the effect of international trade on economic growth varies as a result of differences in human capital, financial resources and institution across the ASEAN nations. To accomplish these tasks, panel dataset on the ASEAN nations from 1980 to 2010 are collected and pooled OLS, fixed-effect and instrumental variable models are applied to the dataset. Taking into account a variety of specification issues as well as endogeneity of trade openness, the research results show that trade openness plays an extremely important role on economic development of these countries. In addition, the benefit from trade openness is greater in countries that have more educated workers, deeper financial resources and better quality of institution. In conclusion, this thesis suggests that these structural factors need to be strengthened in order to benefit more from international trade. Key words: International trade; human capital; financial development; institution; ASEAN; fixed effect; instrumental variable; policy reforms
Finance Growth And Inequality
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Author : Mr. Ross Levine
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-06-11
Finance Growth And Inequality written by Mr. Ross Levine and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Finance and growth emerged as a distinct field of economics during the last three decades as economists integrated the fields of finance and economic growth and then explored the ramifications of the functioning of financial systems on economic growth, income distribution, and poverty. In this paper, I review theoretical and empirical research on the connections between the operation of the financial system and economic growth and inequality. While subject to ample qualifications, the preponderance of evidence suggests that (1) financial development—both the development of banks and stock markets—spurs economic growth and (2) better functioning financial systems foster growth primarily by improving resource allocation and technological change, not by increasing saving rates. Some research also suggests that financial development expands economic opportunities and tightens income distribution, primarily by boosting the incomes of the poor. This work implies that financial development fosters growth by expanding opportunities. Finally, and more tentatively, financial innovation—improvements in the ability of financial systems to ameliorate information and transaction costs—may be necessary for sustaining growth.
Governance And Private Investment In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Ahmet Faruk Aysan
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Governance And Private Investment In The Middle East And North Africa written by Ahmet Faruk Aysan and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Accountability categories.
"This paper addresses the issue of the low level of private investment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with special emphasis on the role of governance. Based on the existing literature, the authors categorize what types of governance institutions are more detrimental to entrepreneurial investments. They then estimate a simultaneous model of private investment and governance quality where economic policies concurrently explain both variables. The empirical results show that governance plays a significant role in private investment decisions. This result is particularly true in the case of "administrative quality" in the form of control of corruption, bureaucratic quality, investment-friendly profile of administration, and law and order, as well as for "political stability." Evidence in favor of "public accountability" seems, however, less robust. The estimations also stress that structural reforms-such as financial development and trade openness-and human development affect private investment decisions directly, and/or through their positive impact on governance. These findings bring new empirical evidence on the subject of private investment in the developing world and in MENA countries in particular. "--World Bank web site.
The Importance Of Human Capital And Financial Development In Economic Growth
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Author : Dwyfor Evans
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The Importance Of Human Capital And Financial Development In Economic Growth written by Dwyfor Evans and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Endogenous growth (Economics) categories.
How Does Political Instability Affect Economic Growth
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Author : Mr.Ari Aisen
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2011-01-01
How Does Political Instability Affect Economic Growth written by Mr.Ari Aisen and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The purpose of this paper is to empirically determine the effects of political instability on economic growth. Using the system-GMM estimator for linear dynamic panel data models on a sample covering up to 169 countries, and 5-year periods from 1960 to 2004, we find that higher degrees of political instability are associated with lower growth rates of GDP per capita. Regarding the channels of transmission, we find that political instability adversely affects growth by lowering the rates of productivity growth and, to a smaller degree, physical and human capital accumulation. Finally, economic freedom and ethnic homogeneity are beneficial to growth, while democracy may have a small negative effect.
The Role Of Institutions In Achieving Financial Stability And Sustainable Economic Development In South Sudan
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Author : Addis Ababa Othow Akongdit
language : en
Publisher: Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
Release Date : 2019-10-04
The Role Of Institutions In Achieving Financial Stability And Sustainable Economic Development In South Sudan written by Addis Ababa Othow Akongdit and has been published by Christian Faith Publishing, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-04 with Business & Economics categories.
South Sudan is currently facing a serious economic crisis occasioned by: i. the oil shutdown which began at the beginning of 2012; ii. the civil conflict which erupted in December 2013; iii. declining international crude oil prices which went down by almost 62% (from USD 104 per barrel in 2013 to USD 40 in 2016); iv. drastic decline in the daily oil production as a result of partial closure of Upper Nile oil fields and; v. total shutdown of Unity State oil fields as a result of the war. All these factors have a significant negative impact on the South Sudan's economy. On the other hand, South Sudan has abundant and mostly untapped natural resources. It has great agricultural potential given that the country is very fertile and blessed with land, water and mineral resource which are substantial in relation to the relatively small population of 10 million plus. Effective management and development of these resources will therefore offer the prospect of sustained strong economic growth. Hence, the key research questions for this study are: Why some countries experience sustained levels of steady economic growth much faster while others stagnate? What can to improve the role of economic and political institutions in economic performance? There is extensive evidence that institutions matter a great deal in determining the level of economic development of a country. They strongly affect the economic performance of countries and act in society at all levels by determining the frameworks in which economic exchange occurs. Many Economists have shown that differences in institutions, as deep determinants of economic growth, account for much of the differences in income and productivity per head observed between countries (Acemoglu et al., 2005 ). Institutions shape the policy and governance setting in a given country, which in turn characterize the rule of law, risk of expropriation, political stability and ease of doing business. This study ends by suggesting the most importing mechanisms to strengthen the political and economic institutions that will create public trust in the government and its institutions and lead to sustainable development and prosperity. With that in mind, the institutions should support the public and private sector, capability, social infrastructure, good governance, rules of laws in order to achieve sustainable economic growth and financial stability. In this context, the main objectives of this study is to analyze the economic and political structure in South Sudan to ensure its role in achieving sustainable Economic Development and to analyze the effectiveness of macroeconomic policies in responding to economic shocks. It is also opted to examine the structural soundness of the South Sudan economy and the efficiency of its key institutions in addressing the challenges. In particular, the role of a strong and healthy financial sector in weathering shocks and sustaining growth. In light of the above, this study focuses on the greater role institutions have played in the economic development of several East Asian countries as well as Africa. Though, it is argued that the institutions can be weaker and ineffective simply because of administrative, institutional, ethnic, social and political challenges including poor enforcement of the rule of law, corruption, mismanagement, lack of strong civil society and political interference. However, the strength of an institution determines whether a country will be poor or wealthy, whether or not its people are free or oppressed and if its people will suffer from poverty or benefit from prosperity. Therefore, the main recommendations of this study can be summarized as follows: - developing effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels; - building a variety of healthy institutions that can accelerate and spearhead growth; - building strong political and governmental institutions that enhance the governance - reforming the institutions with an aim to move from situations of stagnation to rapid growth or a better development paths; The study embraces a multi-pronged methodology, pursuing a combination of relevant methods and approaches of data collection, including both primary and secondary information sources. This study is organized as follows: Chapter 1 discusses the institutions, financial stability and sustainable Economic Development, theoretical framework in which we explore in the empirical analysis. Chapter 2 presents the historical background of institutions in South Sudan Chapter 3 focuses on institutions and financial stability where we discuss the institutional policies and approach for financial stability as well as issues of globalization, transparency, accountability and its impact on financial stability. In chapter 4, I discuss institutions and sustainable economic growth. It focuses on fundamentals and strategies of sustainable economic development and the role of good governance and institutions in long-term economic growth. In chapter 5, we discuss the prospects of strong institutions, financial stability and sustainable Economic Development in South Sudan. It discusses how efficiency and soundness of South Sudan's key institutions can be extremely valuable in process of building a sustainable economic growth and what can South Sudan learn from others countries. The last chapter is the conclusions and recommendations of research. The major findings of this study are as follows: - Conflicts affect economic outcomes mainly through the destruction of human and physical capital, shifts in public spending and private investment, as well as the disruption of economic activities and social life. - Building effective, efficient and accountable institutions in fragile state like South Sudan can be problematic and challenging. Most importantly, good political and economic governance, based on transparency and accountability, should be the key for building a politically and economically viable state capable of articulating a common vision for national unity, and providing stability and dividends of peace to its aspiring citizens. - Strictly, from economic point of view, a political resolution of the current crisis is urgently needed in order for South Sudan to restore the confident of investors, put socio-economic development as one of its priorities and regain its place as the world's newest investment destination. - Social, political and economic stability in South Sudan will depend on core institutions performing their functions sufficiently well to manage public resources effectively and distribute them equitably