Firefighting Effectiveness Of Aqueous Film Forming Foam Afff Agents
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Firefighting Effectiveness Of Aqueous Film Forming Foam Afff Agents
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Author : George B. Geyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Firefighting Effectiveness Of Aqueous Film Forming Foam Afff Agents written by George B. Geyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with categories.
Evaluation Of Three Percent Aqueous Film Forming Foam Afff Concentrates As Fire Fighting Agents
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Author : Edwin J. Jablonski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Evaluation Of Three Percent Aqueous Film Forming Foam Afff Concentrates As Fire Fighting Agents written by Edwin J. Jablonski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
A large-scale fire test program involving 20,000-square foot JP-4 fuel fires was conducted to evaluate the fire suppression effectiveness and compatibility of 3 percent Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) agents in Air Force fire fighting vehicles. Three commercially available 3 percent AFFF concentrates were tested in accordance with military specification MIL-F-24385B. Test results are summarized in Appendix A. As a result of these tests, an updated Revision C to this MIL SPEC has been accomplished with new requirements for both 3 percent and 6 percent AFFF extinguishing agents. (Author).
Comparative Evaluation Of Firefighting Foam Agents
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Comparative Evaluation Of Firefighting Foam Agents written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.
Information was obtained by conducting laboratory experiments and large-scale fire tests which were of value in estimating the fire extinguishing effectiveness of eight Aqueous-Film-Forming-Foams (AFFF), 11 fluoroprotein foams (FPF), and three protein foam (PF) agents. Large-scale fire tests were performed under fixed fire conditions employing air-aspirating and non-air-aspirating nozzles on 82.4-, 101-, and 143-foot diameter Jet A fuel fires. Experiments were performed with only one foam agent which was considered representative of each class. Experiments tend to validate the continuation of allowing a 30-percent reduction in the water requirement at certificated U.S. airports when AFFF is substituted for protein foam (Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 139.49) and to maintain a 1:1 equivalency ratio when fluoroprotein foam is substituted for protein foam. The data also tend to substantiate the validity of allowing an equivalent reduction in water requirements at airports when the 3-percent AFFF, FPF, and PF agents are substituted for the 6-percent agents within each class. (Author).
Fire Control Agent Effectiveness For Hazardous Chemical Fires Carbon Disulfide
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Author : D. W. Johnson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Fire Control Agent Effectiveness For Hazardous Chemical Fires Carbon Disulfide written by D. W. Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
Carbon disulfide fires from 25 to 400 sq ft were controlled and/or extinguished using four foam agents and water. The most effective agent was high expansion foam, followed by aqueous film forming foam, fluoroprotein foam, and protein foam. Water was less effective in fire control than any foam agent, although it extinguished fires faster than low expansion foams at very high application rates. Dry chemical agents were largely ineffective in extinguishing carbon disulfide fires. These tests showed that the agents usually recommended for carbon disulfide fires, water and dry chemical, are less effective than foam, which is not recommended, confirming a previously reported conclusion that current agent effectiveness data may be unreliable and reinforcing the recommendation for a systematic examination of fire fighting agent effectiveness on fires from Cargoes of Particular Hazard. Carbon disulfide fires were more difficult to control and extinguish than hexane fires that had been studied earlier. These tests continue the series using methodology developed for the baseline hexane fire tests.
Testing Of Fire Fighting Foam
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Author : William M. Carey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Testing Of Fire Fighting Foam written by William M. Carey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Fire extinction categories.
The effectiveness of commercially available, non alcohol, fire fighting foams is determined by using four published test methods. These methods are compared to evaluate the required foam characteristics, which include resistance to breakdown when in contact with hot surfaces, ability to control and extinguish fuel fires, sealability of the foam blanket, burnback resistance to contain reignited openings, and compatibility with fresh and salt water. The influence of gasoline and n-heptane as test fuels was studied. The test methods used are: Fire Research Note No. 1007 (FRN1007), by S.P. Benson, P.R. Bevan and J.G. Lorrie; Military Specification for Six-Percent Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) Fire Extinguishing Agent for Fresh and Sea Water (MIL-F-24385); Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Standard for Air Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates (UL162); and Federal Specification for Mechanical Fire Extinguishing Foam Liquid (O-F-555C). To minimize the effects of ambient conditions, all tests are indoor-tests. In general AFFF foams had the best control and extinguishment times. Protein and fluoroprotein foam had the best burnback resistance. (Author).
Evaluation Of Aqueous Film Forming Foams Afff On Deck Fires
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Author : D. E Beene (Jr)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Evaluation Of Aqueous Film Forming Foams Afff On Deck Fires written by D. E Beene (Jr) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with categories.
Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) concentrates were tested on the after tank deck of the Tank Vessel A.E. WATTS. It simulated a spill fire using marine diesel as the test fuel. The purpose of the testing was to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of different AFFF concentrates and to determine whether 1% or 3% AFFF concentrates could be used to replace the 6% Military Specification AFFF concentrate used on board Coast Guard cutters. This replacement could reduce the weight and space required for AFFF storage or increase the overall time of firefighting effectiveness. The AFFF's tested were 3% and 6% AFFF concentrates meeting Military Specification MIL-F-24385, two commercial 3% AFFF concentrates, two polar solvent resistant 3% AFFF concentrates, and a 1% commercial AFFF concentrate. A secondary objective was to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of the four nozzles used aboard Coast Guard cutters when using AFFF. The tests demonstrated that the 3% AFFF concentrates were as effective the 6% Military Specification AFFF concentrate in controlling and extinguishing deck fires, as well as in sealing around hot metal surfaces and in burnback resistance. The 1% AFFF concentrate had control and extiguishment times comparable to those of the 6% AFFF Military Specification concentrate, but it was the least acceptable AFFF because of its poor burnback resistance. The Coast Guard All Purpose (CGAP) nozzle and the Twin Agent Unit (TAU) nozzle had the longest control and extinguishment times while the Mechanical Foam Nozzle (MFN) and the Select-O-Flow (SFL) nozzle had the shortest control and extinguishment times.
Analysis Of Test Criteria For Specifying Foam Firefighting Agents For Aircraft Rescue And Firefighting
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Author : Joseph L. Scheffey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Analysis Of Test Criteria For Specifying Foam Firefighting Agents For Aircraft Rescue And Firefighting written by Joseph L. Scheffey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Airplanes categories.
Comparative Nozzle Study For Applying Aqueous Film Forming Foam On Large Scale Fires
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Comparative Nozzle Study For Applying Aqueous Film Forming Foam On Large Scale Fires written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with categories.
A large-scale fire test program was conducted to evaluate the relative fire-fighting effectiveness of applying aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) through commercially available air-aspirating and non air-aspirating nozzles. The Navy MB-1 and P-4A and Air Force P-4 aircraft fire-rescue vehicles were used as nozzle test-beds. Nozzles with rated capacities of 250 gpm and 750 to 800 gpm were tested and evaluated on 4000 square feet and 8000 square feet JP-4 fuel fires, respectively. Eight of the 16 fires conducted contained an aircraft mock-up. The lower expansion, more fluid, longer reach aqueous film forming foams generated with the non air-aspirating type nozzles were found to provide superior fire extinguishing effectiveness compared to the air-aspirating type nozzles. Air-aspirated foams required approximately 50 percent longer to achieve 90 percent fire control than the non air-aspirated foams. No discernible difference in burnback resistance was found for either type of foam.
Sfpe Handbook Of Fire Protection Engineering
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Author : Morgan J. Hurley
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-07
Sfpe Handbook Of Fire Protection Engineering written by Morgan J. Hurley and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Revised and significantly expanded, the fifth edition of this classic work offers both new and substantially updated information. As the definitive reference on fire protection engineering, this book provides thorough treatment of the current best practices in fire protection engineering and performance-based fire safety. Over 130 eminent fire engineers and researchers contributed chapters to the book, representing universities and professional organizations around the world. It remains the indispensible source for reliable coverage of fire safety engineering fundamentals, fire dynamics, hazard calculations, fire risk analysis, modeling and more. With seventeen new chapters and over 1,800 figures, the this new edition contains: Step-by-step equations that explain engineering calculations Comprehensive revision of the coverage of human behavior in fire, including several new chapters on egress system design, occupant evacuation scenarios, combustion toxicity and data for human behavior analysis Revised fundamental chapters for a stronger sense of context Added chapters on fire protection system selection and design, including selection of fire safety systems, system activation and controls and CO2 extinguishing systems Recent advances in fire resistance design Addition of new chapters on industrial fire protection, including vapor clouds, effects of thermal radiation on people, BLEVEs, dust explosions and gas and vapor explosions New chapters on fire load density, curtain walls, wildland fires and vehicle tunnels Essential reference appendices on conversion factors, thermophysical property data, fuel properties and combustion data, configuration factors and piping properties “Three-volume set; not available separately”
Firefighting Agent Research Phase I
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Firefighting Agent Research Phase I written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
This project's objective is to replace current firefighting aqueous film forming foams, AFFF, with an agent that is twice as effective as fire extinguishment. By reducing the required foam/water solution, the deployed firefighting footprint will thereby be reduced. In order to do this, the mechanism of firefighting foams and surfactants must be determined. Such physical characteristics as equilibrium surface tension, dynamic interfacial tension, and surface pressure have been examined in order to determine agent/surfactant behavior during the extinguishment process. This data will be correlated with computer models that will then be used to predict new, more efficient firefighting agents.