Floodplain Rehabilitation And The Future Of Conservation Development
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Floodplain Rehabilitation And The Future Of Conservation Development
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Author : Paul Scholte
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Floodplain Rehabilitation And The Future Of Conservation Development written by Paul Scholte and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Floodplain management categories.
Restoring Floodplains In Europe
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Author : Timothy Moss
language : en
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Release Date : 2008-02-15
Restoring Floodplains In Europe written by Timothy Moss and has been published by IWA Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-15 with Science categories.
This book addresses the complex institutional dimensions to restoring floodplains. Despite the recent surge of interest in restoring floodplains among policy and research circles, as well as in the public domain, very few schemes for restoring functional floodplains have been put into practice in Europe to date. The book explores the reasons behind this discrepancy between interest and applications with an original, comparative analysis of the institutional drivers and constraints of floodplain restoration in Europe. It explains why so few projects have been successfully implemented, how recent policy shifts are creating new opportunities for floodplain restoration and what lessons for policy development and project management can be drawn from in-depth analysis of past and present schemes. At a time of rapidly growing interest in restoring floodplains as an important component of efforts to improve flood protection, enhance riparian habitats, strengthen catchment management, raise water quality and pursue integrated rural development, the book critically appraises the relationship between macro-level policy development and enforcement and micro-level project design and implementation. The book begins with two chapters setting out the case for floodplain restoration and assessing the relevant drivers and constraints of EU policy. The next three chapters analyse the policy contexts of floodplain restoration in France, Germany and Britain, addressing the principal drivers and constraints in the fields of water management, flood protection, nature conservation, spatial planning and agriculture. This is followed by six case studies of schemes to restore floodplains, divided between early schemes of the mid-1990s (Rheinvorland-Sud on the Upper Rhine, Bourret on the Garonne and the Long Eau project in England) and ongoing schemes of today (Lenzen on the Elbe, La Basse on the Seine and the Parrett Catchment Project). The book concludes by drawing lessons from the principal findings and providing recommendations for ways of developing policy and designing projects for restoring floodplains in the future.
A Holistic Approach To River Restoration Design And Conservation Planning On The Reach And Basin Scales Using Hydraulic Modeling And Multi Objective Optimization Tools
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Author : Lindsay Courtney Worley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
A Holistic Approach To River Restoration Design And Conservation Planning On The Reach And Basin Scales Using Hydraulic Modeling And Multi Objective Optimization Tools written by Lindsay Courtney Worley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Black Creek Watershed (Vt.) categories.
Flooding events around the world cost billions (USD) in damages each year. For decades, engineers have combated flood related damages by implementing flood mitigation controls such as channelization, levees or berms, and armoring. Recent advances in the study of river dynamics, however, have challenged the efficacy of these traditional flood mitigation techniques and pose that these structures are disconnecting channels from their floodplains, increasing flow rates, and contributing to more erosion. The effects of climate change combined with future predictions of increased storm frequency and intensity make it necessary to revise flood hazard mitigation strategies. A more nature-based alternative to building structural defenses, is to reconnect disconnected floodplains and conserve those floodplains that are already well-connected. A well-connected floodplain allows floodwaters to overtop the channel banks more frequently to dissipate flood energies and slow stream flow thereby decreasing downstream damages. Additional benefits include provision of habitat and improved water quality. When choosing techniques and locations for floodplain conservation and reconnection, planners have a multitude of concerns to consider (e.g., water quality, flood resiliency, habitat improvement, project effectiveness, existing land use, budget, and lost opportunity costs). Considering all stakeholder objectives within budgetary constraints is a difficult and complex process, made even more challenging because these objectives often compete. Consequently, there is a need for computational tools that can optimize restoration locations and conservation strategies to help planners synthesize, justify, and visualize design choices. To help alleviate the uncertainty in planning for improvement projects, multi-objective optimization was performed to optimize both the locations and techniques for conservation and restoration while considering the tradeoffs between multiple stakeholder objectives. Three case studies in Vermont are used for illustration. In the first, a tool is developed that semi-automates the extraction and analysis of five evaluation parameters from a 2D hydraulic model (2D Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System, 2D HEC-RAS) to compare hydraulic effectiveness of four floodplain reconnection scenarios on the Black Creek. This same tool is leveraged in the second case study along a section of the Mad River to develop an n-dimensional objective function to rank floodplain reconnection techniques while considering multiple stakeholder objectives (i.e., enhanced flood resiliency, improved water quality, and minimized socioeconomic impacts). The third case study in the Winooski River watershed, applies an evolutionary algorithm to a geospatial database of river network connectivity data on the basin scale to provide planners with a suite of optimal conservation locations that balance the tradeoffs between stakeholder goals including flood resiliency, water quality, and cost effectiveness. The tools developed aided in the advancement of a more holistic approach to floodplain conservation and reconnection design creating a more efficient method to narrow in on optimal sites at the watershed and reach scales considering multiple stakeholder objectives/concerns.
Disputing The Floodplains
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Author : Tobias Haller
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2010-07-15
Disputing The Floodplains written by Tobias Haller and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-15 with Social Science categories.
African Floodplains in semi-arid areas are important for local livelihoods but are under pressure and contested. Case studies from Mali, Cameroon, Tanzania, Zambia and Botswana present the change in the management of common pool resources in these wetlands and provide a comparative new-institutionalist analysis.
Resource Ecology
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Author : Herbert H.T. Prins
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-01-21
Resource Ecology written by Herbert H.T. Prins and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-21 with Science categories.
This multi-author book deals with ‘resource ecology’, which is the ecology of trophic interactions between consumers and their resources. All the chapters were subjected to intense group discussions; comments and critiques were subsequently used for writing new versions, which were peer-reviewed. Each chapter is followed by a comment. This makes the book ideal for teaching and course work, because it highlights the fact that ecology is a living and active research field.
Floodplain Restoration Planning For A Changing Climate
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Author : Mary Matella
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Floodplain Restoration Planning For A Changing Climate written by Mary Matella and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This dissertation addresses the role that dynamic flow characteristics play in shaping the potential for significant ecosystem benefits from floodplain restoration. Mediterranean-climate river systems present challenges for restoring healthy floodplains because of the inter and intra-annual variability in stream flow, which has been dramatically reduced in an effort to control flooding and to provide a more consistent year-round water supply for human use. Habitat restoration efforts require that this reduced stream flow be altered in order to recover more naturally dynamic flow patterns and reconnect floodplains. This thesis defines and takes advantage of an eco-hydrology modeling framework to reveal how the ecological returns of different hydrologic alterations or restoration scenarios--including changes to the physical landscape and flow dynamics--influence habitat connectivity for freshwater biota. A method for quantifying benefits of expanding floodplain connectivity can highlight actions that might simultaneously reduce flood risk and restore ecological functions, such as supporting fish habitat benefits, food web productivity, and riparian vegetation establishment. Pending climate change increases the uncertainty of restoration treatment outcomes yet must be addressed as part of the restoration planning process. An ecologically-oriented assessment of the current and potential future stream flow characteristics of selected Central Valley rivers makes it clear that climate change will affect future floodplain habitat function. Findings show that the low emissions (warm-wet) climate change scenario allows for higher flows at longer durations compared to the historical post-dam record and the high emissions (hot-dry) scenario. In fact, the low-emissions scenario flows might be more similar to pre-dam flow regimes--peak magnitudes in particular--than to the current regulated flow regime. The high emissions scenario can serve as a measure for the lower bounds of functional floodplain area for ecological benefit. Planning for potential impacts of climate change on flow dynamics will be essential if restoration managers are to minimize negative consequences of climate change and maximize the potential benefits that it may offer for species recovery. Efforts to plan and evaluate floodplain reconnection projects for ecological benefits have been hindered by a lack of metrics that allow for comparisons among alternative restoration sites with respect to the type and quality of dynamic habitat potential. This dissertation presents a framework for quantifying the benefits of floodplain restoration projects by coupling the spatial and temporal characteristics of floodplains to express the functional habitat they create. First, habitat was quantified using Area-Duration-Frequency (ADF) curves for several durations and across multiple frequencies of flood occurrence. From these data, a value was then generated for expected annual habitat (EAH). The method has advantages in framing the potential restored area in terms of probabilities based on dynamics of flow timing, durations, and frequencies. The EAH metric captures a comprehensive picture of the likelihood of flooded areas appearing in any given year. This method can be used to design projects to meet specific and measurable habitat objectives. These methods and new metrics provide a transparent and replicable means to examine the effects and relative importance of policy decisions and river restoration projects. To illustrate this modeling method, statistical flow characteristics needed to support floodplain benefit for species were coupled with topographic alteration scenarios for increasing beneficial habitat along the Vernalis to Mossdale corridor on the San Joaquin River, California. Findings for a suite of species that span a range of necessary flow requirements exemplify a wide array of impacts associated with flow scenarios for the San Joaquin River system. Most importantly, the modeled results predict significant declines in the availability of required flow related habitat conditions for splittail spawning and rearing and Chinook salmon rearing in the future under two climate change scenarios. Physical habitat restoration must be paired with additional in-stream flows to meet frequency, duration, and seasonal requirements for these species. Thus, restoration treatment considerations for floodplain habitat should not only include physical alterations for additional channel floodplain connectivity, but also restore a more natural flow regime to increase habitat area and frequency of inundation. Restoration planning often fails to follow strategies based on assessments of ecological benefit outcomes and cost effectiveness. A hydro-ecological approach was applied to multiple modeled floodplain restoration sites along California's Sacramento River and was integrated with socio-economic considerations into a prioritization scheme. The new EAH and ADF metrics were used to assess probabilities for ecological outcomes for increased salmon rearing habitat and combined with land value cost for parcels in the restoration areas. The model was used to assess individual and cumulative benefits of 26 floodplain rehabilitation options involving levee setbacks and examine the consequences of changing topography and climate for floodplain habitat along a large expanse of the Sacramento River. Cumulative effects of projects implemented concurrently showed only small changes in functional floodplain habitat creation. Climate change flow scenarios for this section of the Sacramento River indicate that the functional EAH habitat under a low emissions (warm-wet) regime overlaps with that created for restoration sites under the current flow regime. However, the high emissions (hot-dry) regime will create less functional habitat and serves as a good lower bound of expectations for any restoration plan. By adding to ecological outcome measures and integrating environmental benefits into a cost effectiveness ratio, some projects' priority rankings shift. Thus, cost effectiveness is relevant for informing decisions about restoration site priorities and could improve the way funds are allocated to restoration options. This study advances mitigation planning at a local and regional scale by providing tools for quantitative estimates of potential habitat that could be restored, for assessing projects individually and cumulatively, and for comparing and prioritizing sites using an analytical cost effectiveness approach. In sum, this dissertation presents a modeling framework and new quantitative metrics that can be used to plan and evaluate floodplain restoration projects that address connectivity and dynamic flows, whether they are the result of climate change or prescribed reservoir release flows. Restoration options for multiple locations in California's Central Valley were investigated to demonstrate the utility of this approach. The method has advantages in estimating the potential restored area in terms of probabilities based on dynamics of flow timing, durations, and frequencies. Ultimately, using integrative hydro-ecological models offers support for decision makers considering where to rehabilitate floodplain processes upon which biological and social benefits depend.
Floodplains
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Author : Jeffrey J. Opperman
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2017-09-05
Floodplains written by Jeffrey J. Opperman and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-05 with Science categories.
Floodplains provides an overview of floodplains and their management in temperate regions. It synthesizes decades of research on floodplain ecosystems, explaining hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological processes and how under appropriate management these processes can provide benefits to society ranging from healthy fish populations to flood-risk reduction. Drawing on the framework of reconciliation ecology, the authors explore how new concepts for floodplain ecosystem restoration and management can increase these benefits. Additionally, they use case studies from California’s Central Valley and other temperate regions to show how innovative management approaches are reshaping rivers and floodplains around the world.
Global Perspectives On Long Term Community Resource Management
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Author : Ludomir R. Lozny
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-21
Global Perspectives On Long Term Community Resource Management written by Ludomir R. Lozny and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-21 with Social Science categories.
Communal-level resource management successes and failures comprise complex interactions that involve local, regional, and (increasingly) global scale political, economic, and environmental changes, shown to have recurring patterns and trajectories. The human past provides examples of long-term millennial and century-scale successes followed by undesired transitions (“collapse”), and rapid failure of collaborative management cooperation on the decadal scale. Management of scarce resources and common properties presents a critical challenge for planners attempting to avoid the "tragedy of the commons" in this century. Here, anthropologists, human ecologists, archaeologists, and environmental scientists discuss strategies for social well-being in the context of diminishing resources and increasing competition. The contributors in this volume revisit “tragedy of the commons” (also referred to as “drama” or “comedy” of the commons) and examine new data and theories to mitigate pressures and devise models for sustainable communal welfare and development. They present twelve archaeological, historic, and ethnographic cases of user-managed resources to demonstrate that very basic community-level participatory governance can be a successful strategy to manage short-term risk and benefits. The book connects past-present-future by presenting geographically and chronologically spaced out examples of communal-level governance strategies, and overviews of the current cutting-edge research. The lesson we learn from studying past responses to various ecological stresses is that we must not wait for a disaster to happen to react, but must react to mitigate conditions for emerging disasters.
Rehabilitation Of Rivers
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Author : Louise de Waal
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1998
Rehabilitation Of Rivers written by Louise de Waal and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Nature categories.
Rehabilitation of Rivers Principles and Implementation Edited by Louise C. de Waal Division of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, UK Andrew R. G. Large Department of Geography, University of Newcastle, UK and P. Max Wade Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK River rehabilitation has become an issue at the top of the agenda for water authorities and river managers in many countries throughout the world. This challenging topic involves a wide range of themes, many of which are brought together in this volume. They concern planning strategy, implementation and project appraisal for a number of different types of river systems including upland, lowland and urban rivers. Topic areas addressed include hydrology, geomorphology, ecology and economics as, to be successful, rehabilitation of freshwaters must incorporate all of these subjects within a holistic framework. This volume covers a wide range of countries, provides comprehensive and integrated coverage of factors concerning river rehabilitation and encompasses policy, planning and implementation. As such, the text will have a lasting reference value and practical application. Rehabilitation of Rivers combines prescriptive, analytical and reviewing contributions, covering a wide range of case studies from Britain, continental Europe, the USA, Australia and Japan. It also examines strategic issues such as catchment planning and integrated application of ecology and engineering in river rehabilitation. This book will be an important text for all water authorities and river managers as well as hydrologists, geomorphologists, ecologists and nature conservationists.
Ecology And Management Of The African Buffalo
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Author : Alexandre Caron
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-11-23
Ecology And Management Of The African Buffalo written by Alexandre Caron and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-23 with Nature categories.
One of iconic Africa's Big Five, the African buffalo is the largest African bovine or antelope that occurs throughout most of sub-Sahara and in a wide range of ecosystems from savanna to rainforest. The African buffalo is also one of the most successful large African mammals in terms of abundance and biomass. This species thus represents a powerful model to enhance our understanding of African biogeography and wildlife conservation, ecology and management. Edited by four researchers experienced in different aspects of the African buffalo's biology, this volume provides an exhaustive compilation of knowledge on an emblematic species that stands out as an important component of African natural and human ecosystems. It delivers a global view of the African buffalo and all known aspects of its ecology and management. This book will appeal to students, scholars, scientists and wildlife managers as well as those enthusiastic about the charismatic species. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.