Fmri Study On Fairness In Social Interaction Under Competitive And Cooperative Conditions
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Fmri Study On Fairness In Social Interaction Under Competitive And Cooperative Conditions
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Author : 李柏毅
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Fmri Study On Fairness In Social Interaction Under Competitive And Cooperative Conditions written by 李柏毅 and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Sensorimotor Foundations Of Social Cognition
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Author : Andreas K. Engel
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-06-21
Sensorimotor Foundations Of Social Cognition written by Andreas K. Engel and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-21 with Science categories.
Factors Mediating Performance Monitoring In Humans From Context To Personality
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Author : Patrizia Thoma
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
Factors Mediating Performance Monitoring In Humans From Context To Personality written by Patrizia Thoma and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
In our everyday life, we constantly monitor our behaviour and adapt our responses following performance errors and feedback information from our environment. Receiving positive or negative feedback, which can be social, monetary or some other type of feedback classifiable as good or bad, can encourage us to continue with a specific action or may lead us to discontinue the same behaviour, respectively. Additionally, we daily observe errors being committed by other people or other people receiving feedback for their behaviour. We are able to infer how they feel in response to errors or feedback, and whether we feel sorry for their failures and happy about their successes may depend on our empathic concern and on the relationship to the observed person. At the same time, we can also learn from other people’s errors by adaptively modifying our own behaviour. Recently, a growing number of researchers in the neuroscientific community has begun to establish links between the ability to empathize with others and error/feedback processing. The ACC seems to be strongly involved in both error/feedback processing and in affective empathic responding, and positive relationships between error- and feedback-related ACC activity and self-rated dispositional empathy have been reported. Various contextual factors, like the relationship between the observer and the observed person, or person-related characteristics, like age, gender and psychopathological symptoms, may potentially modify this relationship. In spite of these theoretical advances, there are still crucial gaps in our knowledge of the different contextual factors and personality characteristics that affect performance monitoring in humans. For instance, it is not well understood how different empathy components might relate to different stages and different forms of error/feedback processing. Also, the ability to engage in empathic perspective taking might be more related to observational than to active learning; and empathy should become more relevant when the behaviour observed in someone else is also relevant for one’s own actions. One promising account in studying the relationship between person characteristics, performance context and action monitoring is the investigation of these concepts across the lifespan. While performance monitoring might be increasingly compromised in older individuals due to structural and functional changes in the relevant brain areas, it might be partly compensated for by a heightened tendency and experience to engage in affective perspective taking. Furthermore, studying clinical populations may help us to disentangle the complex interdependence between performance monitoring and psychopathological symptoms. Overall, for the current Research Topic issue, we would like to solicit original research articles, reviews as well as opinion and method papers, which investigate the neurocognitive mechanisms supporting performance monitoring providing a link to contextual factors or personality traits. Studies using a range of different methods (behavioural, imaging, electrophysiological, etc.), investigating healthy populations with or without a lifespan perspective or clinical populations are welcome, and authors with different academic backgrounds and working in different disciplines are encouraged to participate in order to promote a lively and integrative debate.
Behavioral Game Theory
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Author : Colin F. Camerer
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2011-09-05
Behavioral Game Theory written by Colin F. Camerer and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Game theory, the formalized study of strategy, began in the 1940s by asking how emotionless geniuses should play games, but ignored until recently how average people with emotions and limited foresight actually play games. This book marks the first substantial and authoritative effort to close this gap. Colin Camerer, one of the field's leading figures, uses psychological principles and hundreds of experiments to develop mathematical theories of reciprocity, limited strategizing, and learning, which help predict what real people and companies do in strategic situations. Unifying a wealth of information from ongoing studies in strategic behavior, he takes the experimental science of behavioral economics a major step forward. He does so in lucid, friendly prose. Behavioral game theory has three ingredients that come clearly into focus in this book: mathematical theories of how moral obligation and vengeance affect the way people bargain and trust each other; a theory of how limits in the brain constrain the number of steps of "I think he thinks . . ." reasoning people naturally do; and a theory of how people learn from experience to make better strategic decisions. Strategic interactions that can be explained by behavioral game theory include bargaining, games of bluffing as in sports and poker, strikes, how conventions help coordinate a joint activity, price competition and patent races, and building up reputations for trustworthiness or ruthlessness in business or life. While there are many books on standard game theory that address the way ideally rational actors operate, Behavioral Game Theory stands alone in blending experimental evidence and psychology in a mathematical theory of normal strategic behavior. It is must reading for anyone who seeks a more complete understanding of strategic thinking, from professional economists to scholars and students of economics, management studies, psychology, political science, anthropology, and biology.
Neuroeconomics
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Author : Paul W. Glimcher
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2008-10-10
Neuroeconomics written by Paul W. Glimcher and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-10 with Medical categories.
Neuroeconomics is a new highly promising approach to understanding the neurobiology of decision making and how it affects cognitive social interactions between humans and societies/economies. This book is the first edited reference to examine the science behind neuroeconomics, including how it influences human behavior and societal decision making from a behavioral economics point of view. Presenting a truly interdisciplinary approach, Neuroeconomics presents research from neuroscience, psychology, and behavioral economics, and includes chapters by all the major figures in the field, including two Economics Nobel laureates. * An authoritative reference written and edited by acknowledged experts and founders of the field * Presents an interdisciplinary view of the approaches, concepts, and results of the emerging field of neuroeconomics relevant for anyone interested in this area of research* Full-color presentation throughout with carefully selected illustrations to highlight key concepts
Brain Mapping
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-02-14
Brain Mapping written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-14 with Science categories.
Brain Mapping: A Comprehensive Reference, Three Volume Set offers foundational information for students and researchers across neuroscience. With over 300 articles and a media rich environment, this resource provides exhaustive coverage of the methods and systems involved in brain mapping, fully links the data to disease (presenting side by side maps of healthy and diseased brains for direct comparisons), and offers data sets and fully annotated color images. Each entry is built on a layered approach of the content – basic information for those new to the area and more detailed material for experienced readers. Edited and authored by the leading experts in the field, this work offers the most reputable, easily searchable content with cross referencing across articles, a one-stop reference for students, researchers and teaching faculty. Broad overview of neuroimaging concepts with applications across the neurosciences and biomedical research Fully annotated color images and videos for best comprehension of concepts Layered content for readers of different levels of expertise Easily searchable entries for quick access of reputable information Live reference links to ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed
The Neuroscience And Psychophysiology Of Experience Based Decisions
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Author : Eldad Yechiam
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
The Neuroscience And Psychophysiology Of Experience Based Decisions written by Eldad Yechiam and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
In experience-based decisions people learn to make decisions by sampling the relevant alternatives and getting feedback. The study of experience-based decisions has recently revealed some robust regularities that differ from how people make decisions based on descriptions. For example, people were found to underweight small probability events in experience-based decisions, while overweighting them in decisions based on descriptions (i.e. where the participants have full information about the outcome distributions but no feedback). This is now commonly referred to as the description-experience gap. In parallel to the recent advancement in Decision Science, neuroscientists have for a long while used the experience-based decisions paradigm for analyzing brain-behavior interactions. For example, phenomena such as the feedback-based Error-Related Negativity (fERN) in event-related potentials and the role of non-declarative knowledge in selecting advantageously were discovered using experience-based tasks. The goal of the current Research Topic is to combine two sources of knowledge concerning experience-based decisions: State of the art models in decision science, and neuroscientific and psychophysiological approaches that shed light on the working of the brain in these decisions. Also relevant are process-based analyses of fractions of behavior in these types of decisions. We consider original empirical work and theoretical analyses of existing datasets.
Methodology For Genetic Studies Of Twins And Families
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Author : M. Neale
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Methodology For Genetic Studies Of Twins And Families written by M. Neale and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Medical categories.
Few would dispute the truth of the statement `People are Different', but there is much controversy over why. This book authoritatively explains the methods used to understand human variation, and extends them far beyond the primary `nature or nurture' question. After chapters on basic statistics, biometrical genetics, matrix algebra and path analysis, there is a state-of-the-art account of how to fit genetic models using the LISREL package. The authors explain not only the assumptions of the twin method, but how to test them. The elementary model is expanded to cover sex limitation, sibling interaction, multivariate and longitudinal data, observer ratings, and twin-family studies. Throughout, the methods are illustrated by applications to diverse areas such as obesity, major depression, alcohol comsumption, delinquency, allergies, and common fears.
The Economics Of Fairness
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Author : Alexander W. Cappelen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
The Economics Of Fairness written by Alexander W. Cappelen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Economics categories.
A growing literature in economics has studied how fairness considerations shape human behavior. This research collection comprises forty key theoretical and empirical contributions spanning the last four decades, along with influential related work in normative economics. These papers show that the fairness motive is essential for understanding human behavior in a wide range of settings, such as markets, bargaining, and redistributive situations. They document large heterogeneity in what people view as fair and the importance people attach to fairness, displaying how a concern for fairness develops in childhood and manifests itself in the brain. Together with an original introduction by the editors, this volume will be a valuable research tool for those interested in the fascinating field of the economics of fairness.
The Neuroscience Of Intergroup Relations
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Author : Pascal Molenberghs
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-02-28
The Neuroscience Of Intergroup Relations written by Pascal Molenberghs and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-28 with Psychology categories.
This path-breaking book is the first collection to provide a scientific global overview on the social neuroscience of intergroup relations, and the neural mechanisms that drive processes such as prejudice, racism and dehumanisation. Although intergroup behaviour has long been an important topic in psychology, attention to the underlying neural processes that influence it has often been neglected. If we truly want to understand the driving forces of social behaviours such as racism, bias and violence between groups, it is essential that we better understand the neuroscience behind these processes. Providing critical insights on these underpinnings, topics covered in the book include the neuroscience of ingroup bias, empathy, dehumanisation, competition, ideological bias and prejudice between groups. As well as explaining how genes and environment interact to create attitudes between groups and how this can lead to different cultures, later chapters also give practical solutions on how to reduce ingroup bias and support prosocial behaviour between groups through better neuroscientific understanding. Featuring contributions from world-leading experts, this is fascinating reading for students and researchers in social psychology and neuroscience, and is ideal for anyone examining intergroup relations from a social neuroscientific perspective, or using social neuroscience methods for the first time.