Foundations Of Mathematics
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The Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : Ian Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2015
The Foundations Of Mathematics written by Ian Stewart and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Logic, Symbolic and Mathematical categories.
The transition from school mathematics to university mathematics is seldom straightforward. Students are faced with a disconnect between the algorithmic and informal attitude to mathematics at school, versus a new emphasis on proof, based on logic, and a more abstract development of general concepts, based on set theory. The authors have many years' experience of the potential difficulties involved, through teaching first-year undergraduates and researching the ways in which students and mathematicians think. The book explains the motivation behind abstract foundational material based on students' experiences of school mathematics, and explicitly suggests ways students can make sense of formal ideas. This second edition takes a significant step forward by not only making the transition from intuitive to formal methods, but also by reversing the process- using structure theorems to prove that formal systems have visual and symbolic interpretations that enhance mathematical thinking. This is exemplified by a new chapter on the theory of groups. While the first edition extended counting to infinite cardinal numbers, the second also extends the real numbers rigorously to larger ordered fields. This links intuitive ideas in calculus to the formal epsilon-delta methods of analysis. The approach here is not the conventional one of 'nonstandard analysis', but a simpler, graphically based treatment which makes the notion of an infinitesimal natural and straightforward. This allows a further vision of the wider world of mathematical thinking in which formal definitions and proof lead to amazing new ways of defining, proving, visualising and symbolising mathematics beyond previous expectations.
Cultural Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : C. K. Raju
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Education India
Release Date : 2007
Cultural Foundations Of Mathematics written by C. K. Raju and has been published by Pearson Education India this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Calculus categories.
The Volume Examines, In Depth, The Implications Of Indian History And Philosophy For Contemporary Mathematics And Science. The Conclusions Challenge Current Formal Mathematics And Its Basis In The Western Dogma That Deduction Is Infallible (Or That It Is Less Fallible Than Induction). The Development Of The Calculus In India, Over A Thousand Years, Is Exhaustively Documented In This Volume, Along With Novel Insights, And Is Related To The Key Sources Of Wealth-Monsoon-Dependent Agriculture And Navigation Required For Overseas Trade - And The Corresponding Requirement Of Timekeeping. Refecting The Usual Double Standard Of Evidence Used To Construct Eurocentric History, A Single, New Standard Of Evidence For Transmissions Is Proposed. Using This, It Is Pointed Out That Jesuits In Cochin, Following The Toledo Model Of Translation, Had Long-Term Opportunity To Transmit Indian Calculus Texts To Europe. The European Navigational Problem Of Determining Latitude, Longitude, And Loxodromes, And The 1582 Gregorian Calendar-Reform, Provided Ample Motivation. The Mathematics In These Earlier Indian Texts Suddenly Starts Appearing In European Works From The Mid-16Th Century Onwards, Providing Compelling Circumstantial Evidence. While The Calculus In India Had Valid Pramana, This Differed From Western Notions Of Proof, And The Indian (Algorismus) Notion Of Number Differed From The European (Abacus) Notion. Hence, Like Their Earlier Difficulties With The Algorismus, Europeans Had Difficulties In Understanding The Calculus, Which, Like Computer Technology, Enhanced The Ability To Calculate, Albeit In A Way Regarded As Epistemologically Insecure. Present-Day Difficulties In Learning Mathematics Are Related, Via Phylogeny Is Ontogeny , To These Historical Difficulties In Assimilating Imported Mathematics. An Appendix Takes Up Further Contemporary Implications Of The New Philosophy Of Mathematics For The Extension Of The Calculus, Which Is Needed To Handle The Infinities Arising In The Study Of Shock Waves And The Renormalization Problem Of Quantum Field Theory.
Practical Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : Paul Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-05-13
Practical Foundations Of Mathematics written by Paul Taylor and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05-13 with Mathematics categories.
This book is about the basis of mathematical reasoning both in pure mathematics itself (particularly algebra and topology) and in computer science (how and what it means to prove correctness of programs). It contains original material and original developments of standard material, so it is also for professional researchers, but as it deliberately transcends disciplinary boundaries and challenges many established attitudes to the foundations of mathematics, the reader is expected to be open minded about these things.
Introduction To The Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : Raymond L. Wilder
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-09-26
Introduction To The Foundations Of Mathematics written by Raymond L. Wilder and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-26 with Mathematics categories.
Classic undergraduate text acquaints students with fundamental concepts and methods of mathematics. Topics include axiomatic method, set theory, infinite sets, groups, intuitionism, formal systems, mathematical logic, and much more. 1965 second edition.
The Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : Kenneth Kunen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Foundations Of Mathematics written by Kenneth Kunen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Mathematics categories.
Mathematical logic grew out of philosophical questions regarding the foundations of mathematics, but logic has now outgrown its philosophical roots, and has become an integral part of mathematics in general. This book is designed for students who plan to specialize in logic, as well as for those who are interested in the applications of logic to other areas of mathematics. Used as a text, it could form the basis of a beginning graduate-level course. There are three main chapters: Set Theory, Model Theory, and Recursion Theory. The Set Theory chapter describes the set-theoretic foundations of all of mathematics, based on the ZFC axioms. It also covers technical results about the Axiom of Choice, well-orderings, and the theory of uncountable cardinals. The Model Theory chapter discusses predicate logic and formal proofs, and covers the Completeness, Compactness, and Lowenheim-Skolem Theorems, elementary submodels, model completeness, and applications to algebra. This chapter also continues the foundational issues begun in the set theory chapter. Mathematics can now be viewed as formal proofs from ZFC. Also, model theory leads to models of set theory. This includes a discussion of absoluteness, and an analysis of models such as H( ) and R( ). The Recursion Theory chapter develops some basic facts about computable functions, and uses them to prove a number of results of foundational importance; in particular, Church's theorem on the undecidability of logical consequence, the incompleteness theorems of Godel, and Tarski's theorem on the non-definability of truth.
The Logical Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : William S. Hatcher
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-05-09
The Logical Foundations Of Mathematics written by William S. Hatcher and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-09 with Mathematics categories.
The Logical Foundations of Mathematics offers a study of the foundations of mathematics, stressing comparisons between and critical analyses of the major non-constructive foundational systems. The position of constructivism within the spectrum of foundational philosophies is discussed, along with the exact relationship between topos theory and set theory. Comprised of eight chapters, this book begins with an introduction to first-order logic. In particular, two complete systems of axioms and rules for the first-order predicate calculus are given, one for efficiency in proving metatheorems, and the other, in a "natural deduction" style, for presenting detailed formal proofs. A somewhat novel feature of this framework is a full semantic and syntactic treatment of variable-binding term operators as primitive symbols of logic. Subsequent chapters focus on the origin of modern foundational studies; Gottlob Frege's formal system intended to serve as a foundation for mathematics and its paradoxes; the theory of types; and the Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. David Hilbert's program and Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorems are also examined, along with the foundational systems of W. V. Quine and the relevance of categorical algebra for foundations. This monograph will be of interest to students, teachers, practitioners, and researchers in mathematics.
Foundations Of Mathematics And Statistics
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Author : Timothy C. Kearns
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-01-26
Foundations Of Mathematics And Statistics written by Timothy C. Kearns and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-26 with Mathematics categories.
Foundations of Mathematics and Statistics is a summary of the basic principles of math and statistics for students that are interested in pursuing studies in the mathematical sciences. The first goal is to provide a good foundation of knowledge and ability with the basics of mathematics. This includes logic, sets, number systems, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and the calculus. Then the remainder of the book deals with the fundamental topics of applied and mathematical statistics, including probability, random variables, expected value, samples, distributions, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and an introduction to linear regression and correlation. The book can be used by all students that need a summary of math fundamentals, with a sound introduction to the basics of statistical thinking and methodology. Those that need a good familiarity with math and statistics would find this book a valuable supplemental reading, along with the fair amount of exercises that are included in order to reinforce the important ideas.
Foundations And Fundamental Concepts Of Mathematics
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Author : Howard Whitley Eves
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 1997-01-01
Foundations And Fundamental Concepts Of Mathematics written by Howard Whitley Eves and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-01 with Mathematics categories.
This third edition of a popular, well-received text offers undergraduates an opportunity to obtain an overview of the historical roots and the evolution of several areas of mathematics. The selection of topics conveys not only their role in this historical development of mathematics but also their value as bases for understanding the changing nature of mathematics. Among the topics covered in this wide-ranging text are: mathematics before Euclid, Euclid's Elements, non-Euclidean geometry, algebraic structure, formal axiomatics, the real numbers system, sets, logic and philosophy and more. The emphasis on axiomatic procedures provides important background for studying and applying more advanced topics, while the inclusion of the historical roots of both algebra and geometry provides essential information for prospective teachers of school mathematics. The readable style and sets of challenging exercises from the popular earlier editions have been continued and extended in the present edition, making this a very welcome and useful version of a classic treatment of the foundations of mathematics. "A truly satisfying book." — Dr. Bruce E. Meserve, Professor Emeritus, University of Vermont.
Foundations Of Mathematical Analysis
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Author : Saminathan Ponnusamy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-12-17
Foundations Of Mathematical Analysis written by Saminathan Ponnusamy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-17 with Mathematics categories.
Mathematical analysis is fundamental to the undergraduate curriculum not only because it is the stepping stone for the study of advanced analysis, but also because of its applications to other branches of mathematics, physics, and engineering at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. This self-contained textbook consists of eleven chapters, which are further divided into sections and subsections. Each section includes a careful selection of special topics covered that will serve to illustrate the scope and power of various methods in real analysis. The exposition is developed with thorough explanations, motivating examples, exercises, and illustrations conveying geometric intuition in a pleasant and informal style to help readers grasp difficult concepts. Foundations of Mathematical Analysis is intended for undergraduate students and beginning graduate students interested in a fundamental introduction to the subject. It may be used in the classroom or as a self-study guide without any required prerequisites.
The Foundations Of Mathematics
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Author : Thomas Q. Sibley
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-07
The Foundations Of Mathematics written by Thomas Q. Sibley and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-07 with Mathematics categories.
Finally there's an easy-to-follow book that will help readers succeed in the art of proving theorems. Sibley not only conveys the spirit of mathematics but also uncovers the skills required to succeed. Key definitions are introduced while readers are encouraged to develop an intuition about these concepts and practice using them in problems. With this approach, they'll gain a strong understanding of the mathematical language as they discover how to apply it in order to find proofs.