Frailty And Kidney Disease
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Frailty And Kidney Disease
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Author : Carlos Guido Musso
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-10
Frailty And Kidney Disease written by Carlos Guido Musso and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-10 with Medical categories.
This unique book reviews the information available in the literature regarding the new syndrome, frailty, in patients with various renal conditions, such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, as well as dialysis and transplant patients. The topic is of importance in nephrology, specifically nephrogeriatrics, since frailty is a condition affecting many elderly patients and which is becoming increasingly common in medical practice. As such, there is a considerable need for information to assist professionals treating these patients. The book includes chapters on the frailty syndrome (definition, evaluation and treatment), the main geriatric syndromes (gait disorder, falls, incontinence, and delirium), the main renal syndromes (acute renal injury, chronic kidney disease) as well as dialysis and kidney transplant, and the relationship between geriatrics and renal syndromes. Frailty and Kidney Disease: A Practical Guide to Clinical Management is an essential resource for general practitioners, researchers, internal medicine physicians, geriatricians, and nephrologists.
Recent Advances Of Sarcopenia And Frailty In Ckd
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Author : Akihiko Kato
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-29
Recent Advances Of Sarcopenia And Frailty In Ckd written by Akihiko Kato and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-29 with Medical categories.
This book highlights recent advances in our understanding of sarcopenia and frailty in CKD. The prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty increases substantially as CKD progresses, and experimental studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of accumulated uremic toxin in the development of muscle wasting. Further, sarcopenia and frailty are associated with falls, bone fractures, cognitive impairment, and poor survival prognoses, especially in elderly CKD patients. The syndromes are also related to the risk of end-stage kidney disease. This book provides readers with a deeper understanding of the prevention and management of sarcopenia and frailty in CKD patients to improve their renal and overall health, and suggests directions for future basic and clinical research.
Clinical Nephrogeriatrics
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Author : Carlos Guido Musso
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-13
Clinical Nephrogeriatrics written by Carlos Guido Musso and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-13 with Medical categories.
The increase in average life expectancy observed over recent decades has brought new challenges to nephrology practice. Several renal diseases are more frequent in elderly patients today, and even in healthy older individuals renal physiology has its own peculiarities. This leads to the need for a specific approach on renal aging and renal function in the elderly. However, despite the relevance of this topic, there are few books exclusively dedicated to geriatric nephrology. This book fills this gap by presenting a comprehensive overview of the differences between normal renal aging and chronic renal disease in the aged, and describes the particular aspects of nephropathy in the elderly, addressing it in a practical and clinically applicable fashion. Clinical Nephrogeriatrics bridges the gap between nephrology and geriatrics, discussing the most important issues concerning the relationship between these two medical specialties. This evidence-based resource, written by prominent specialists with extensive clinical experience, offers nephrologists, geriatricians, family physicians, and other medical professionals valuable practical guidelines and insights to enhance their clinical practice and provide optimal care.
Frailty Assessment And Intervention In Chronic Kidney Disease
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Author : Andrew Nixon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Frailty Assessment And Intervention In Chronic Kidney Disease written by Andrew Nixon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Evaluation Of Frailty Assessment Tools And Their Measurement Properties In Chronic Kidney Disease
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Author : Alisha Puri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Evaluation Of Frailty Assessment Tools And Their Measurement Properties In Chronic Kidney Disease written by Alisha Puri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Fragility (Psychology) categories.
Background: Frailty is three to seven times more common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than in those with normal kidney function. Although frailty and its impact in CKD is well-recognized, the measurement properties of the tools used to assess this syndrome are not known. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate frailty assessment tools and their measurement properties in CKD. Methods: The study was conducted using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols (PRISMA-P 2015). We searched ten electronic databases and screened studies as per the inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed original research, adults with CKD (non-dialysis, dialysis or kidney transplant (KT)), examines at least one established multidimensional tool used for the assessment of frailty, and presents information to evaluate the measurements properties of the tool. Methodological quality assessment and data synthesis were performed as per COSMIN guidelines. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021234558). Results: We retrieved 648 unique citations with 52 eligible studies of which a majority (n = 37, 71.1%) were prospective cohort studies. A large proportion (n = 12, 23%) of the data was retrieved from prevalent dialysis patients. There was limited data (n = 4, 7.7%) available for KT recipients due to population overlap. Across all studies, the Fried Frailty Tool (original: n = 27, 51.9%; modified: n = 8, 15.4% of studies) was used most frequently. Only three measurement properties were evaluated for the frailty measurement tools: construct validity (discriminative (n = 42, 80.8%); convergent (n = 9, 17.3%), criterion validity (n = 2, 3.8%), and responsiveness (n =2, 3.8%). Studies using the Fried Frailty Tool most commonly evaluated the tool's discriminative validity. Only in the CKD non-dialysis population, the Fried Frailty Tool demonstrated good discriminative ability (pooled adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 2.00 (95% CI: 1.51, 2.64, p
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
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Author : Alberto Pilotto
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-29
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment written by Alberto Pilotto and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-29 with Medical categories.
This book offers an up-to-date review on the principles and practice of multidimensional assessment and management of the older individual, which represents the cornerstone of modern clinical practice in the elderly. The early chapters cover the main elements and scope of the comprehensive geriatric approach and explain the pathways of care from screening and case finding through to in-depth assessment and treatment planning. Subsequent chapters review the evidence of how best to apply the multidimensional assessment and management approach in defined healthcare settings and within specific clinical areas, such as cancer and surgery. Finally, the education and training challenges are reviewed and the prospects for future clinical service and research in this important field are examined. The book is very timely given the recent advances in application of this approach, which reflect the growing international realization that older people are “core business” in many clinical areas where the role of specialist geriatric medicine has hitherto been limited. Accordingly, the book will be relevant to a wide range of clinicians. The authorship comprises many of the best known and widely published experts in their respective fields.
Updates In Geriatric Nephrology An Issue Of Clinics In Geriatric Medicine
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Author : Edgar V. Lerma
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2013-08-28
Updates In Geriatric Nephrology An Issue Of Clinics In Geriatric Medicine written by Edgar V. Lerma and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-28 with Medical categories.
This issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine features expert clinical reviews on Renal Disease in Older Adults which includes current information on topics such as Anatomic/ Physiological Changes with Aging, Acute Kidney Injury in Older Adults, Electrolyte Problems in Older Adults, Glomerular Disease in Older Adults, Hypertension in Older Adults, Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Adults, End-stage Renal Disease in Older Adults, Decision Making in the Older Adult Patient with Advanced Kidney Disease, Obstructive Uropathy in Older Adults, Drug Dosing, Transplantation in Older Adults, and Slowing the Aging Process.
Fragility Fracture Nursing
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Author : Karen Hertz
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-06-15
Fragility Fracture Nursing written by Karen Hertz and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-15 with Medical categories.
This open access book aims to provide a comprehensive but practical overview of the knowledge required for the assessment and management of the older adult with or at risk of fragility fracture. It considers this from the perspectives of all of the settings in which this group of patients receive nursing care. Globally, a fragility fracture is estimated to occur every 3 seconds. This amounts to 25 000 fractures per day or 9 million per year. The financial costs are reported to be: 32 billion EUR per year in Europe and 20 billon USD in the United States. As the population of China ages, the cost of hip fracture care there is likely to reach 1.25 billion USD by 2020 and 265 billion by 2050 (International Osteoporosis Foundation 2016). Consequently, the need for nursing for patients with fragility fracture across the world is immense. Fragility fracture is one of the foremost challenges for health care providers, and the impact of each one of those expected 9 million hip fractures is significant pain, disability, reduced quality of life, loss of independence and decreased life expectancy. There is a need for coordinated, multi-disciplinary models of care for secondary fracture prevention based on the increasing evidence that such models make a difference. There is also a need to promote and facilitate high quality, evidence-based effective care to those who suffer a fragility fracture with a focus on the best outcomes for recovery, rehabilitation and secondary prevention of further fracture. The care community has to understand better the experience of fragility fracture from the perspective of the patient so that direct improvements in care can be based on the perspectives of the users. This book supports these needs by providing a comprehensive approach to nursing practice in fragility fracture care.
The Association Between Frailty And Hemodialysis Vascular Access Fistula And Graft Failure
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Author : Karen WOo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Association Between Frailty And Hemodialysis Vascular Access Fistula And Graft Failure written by Karen WOo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a grave public health problem in the US affecting over 808,000 Americans in 2017. Options for treatment of ESKD include renal transplantation and peritoneal dialysis. However, the most common treatment for ESKD in the US is hemodialysis, with over 468,000 Americans being hemodialysis dependent in 2017. For hemodialysis-dependent patients, vascular access is required, for which there are two options that are considered permanent, typically created in the upper extremity: 1) fistula, created by surgically connecting a patient's own vein to an artery, and 2) graft, using a prosthetic tube as a conduit between artery and vein. However, evidence to support the choice of fistula vs graft in an individual patient is lacking. Frailty is a measure of patient global functional status and overall health that could be used in the decision-making progress to determine the optimal vascular access type for an individual patient. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the association of frailty with probability of short-term vascular access failure to assess the usefulness of incorporating measurement of frailty into the vascular access decision-making process.I performed a quantitative analysis of the United States Renal Data Systems Registry which includes all hemodialysis dependent patients in the US. I determined the presence of frailty for each patient using a validated claims-based frailty indicator. I then assessed the association of frailty with time to fistula and graft functional use (the process of becoming usable for hemodialysis) using multivariable models. The analysis demonstrated that patients with increasing claims-based frailty indicator values have increasing length of time to fistula functional use. There was no association of claims-based frailty indicator value with time to graft functional use. The association between frailty and longer fistula functional use times has significant implications for clinical decision-making and guideline creation. Given that this study suggests frailty could also be associated with longer time to fistula functional use, frailty could serve as a strong indicator that fistula is not an appropriate choice of vascular access for that patient. Further, since increasing degrees of frailty, as measured by the claims-based frailty indicator, are associated with the highest risk of longer time to fistula m functional use in this study, it may be appropriate to consider patients with the highest levels of frailty as candidates for permanent access through a tunneled catheter.
Extension Of Healthy Life Span Of Dialysis Patients In The Era Of A 100 Year Life
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Author : Masaaki Inaba
language : en
Publisher: Mdpi AG
Release Date : 2021-12-20
Extension Of Healthy Life Span Of Dialysis Patients In The Era Of A 100 Year Life written by Masaaki Inaba and has been published by Mdpi AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-20 with categories.
Malnutrition is becoming a more prominent health problem, with an increasing number of elderly CKD patients being put on dialysis. In addition, the presence of inflammation, sarcopenia/frailty, diabetes, and CVD is a definite and independent risk factor associated with higher mortality in this population. Although the restriction of protein intake has been recommended to protect eGFR decline, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia in CKD patients, it might accelerate the loss of skeletal muscle and adipose mass, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, flexible responses are considered regarding whether protein restriction should be continued or loosened in pre-dialysis CKD patients. In undernourished elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis, sufficient calorie/protein intake is necessary to counteract the development of sarcopenia/frailty. It is expected that the application of new drugs including phosphate binders and potassium chelators may achieve both a high enough intake and balanced levels of phosphate and potassium. Furthermore, the improvement of deficient micronutrients and poor appetite is also necessary. Comprehensive care is essential for the wellbeing of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis. The topicof this Special Issue is "Extension of Healthy Life Span of Dialysis Patients in the Era of a 100-Year Life".
