Framing And Loss Aversion In Tax Reporting Behavior
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Framing And Loss Aversion In Tax Reporting Behavior
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Author : Markus Diller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Framing And Loss Aversion In Tax Reporting Behavior written by Markus Diller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
This paper investigates the presence of framing effects and loss aversion in tax reporting behavior of wage earners using a balanced panel of German income tax return data. Reference dependence and loss aversion suggest that individuals in a perceived loss situation attribute higher value to a given amount of positive change in outcome than individuals in a perceived gain situation do. Applied to tax reporting behavior, taxpayers who perceive their tax situation as unfavorable compared to a given reference point are expected to make greater effort or accept higher costs to prevent or reduce that perceived loss than taxpayers perceiving themselves to be in a favorable situation. Greater effort can in turn be associated with higher reporting aggressiveness. We identify a potential reference point in taxpayers' previous year's outcome and examine whether taxpayers claim higher additional tax deductions in a loss situation than in a gain situation. We use a difference-in-difference approach with a one-on-one matching strategy to analyze reporting behavior. We find that taxpayers in a loss situation claim higher income-related deductions than taxpayers in a gain situation.
Framing And Salience Effects In Tax Evasion Decisions An Experiment On Underreporting And Overdeducting
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Author : Martin Fochmann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Framing And Salience Effects In Tax Evasion Decisions An Experiment On Underreporting And Overdeducting written by Martin Fochmann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Tax evasion costs governments worldwide trillions of U.S. dollars. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of tax evasion behavior is needed to ensure that tax evasion is combatted effectively. Using different controlled and incentivized experiments, we analyze whether taxpayers are more willing to evade taxes by underreporting positive income (e.g., business or nonbusiness income) than by overdeducting negative income (e.g., deductions, credits, or losses). We robustly observe an asymmetric tax evasion behavior. Specifically, subjects are less compliant in case of positive income. We argue that this result can be explained by an asymmetric evaluation of tax payments and tax refunds in accordance with prospect theory and the income tax withholding phenomenon. However, in an experimental environment in which the interaction of positive and negative income reporting is made very saliently and in which we consequently expect that subjects decide on both tax evasion decisions jointly, the effect vanishes. We therefore provide evidence that 1) tax evasion behavior is asymmetrically in case of positive and negative income reporting and that 2) the salience of income interaction plays an important role in tax evasion decisions.
Loss Aversion Motivates Tax Sheltering
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Author : Alex Rees-Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Loss Aversion Motivates Tax Sheltering written by Alex Rees-Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
This paper presents evidence that loss aversion affects taxpayers as they file their annual tax returns. I model the decisions of a loss-averse tax filer who may use tax shelters to manipulate the "balance due" exchanged with the IRS. I use this model to derive distinguishing predictions of loss aversion which facilitate its identification and quantification in the field. Under loss framing, the discretely steeper marginal utility of a dollar motivates greater pursuit of shelters. These motives imply that the post-sheltering distribution of balance due will exhibit a structural shift in the loss domain, due to discretely higher sheltering in this region. Furthermore, the discontinuity in marginal incentives generates excess mass, or "bunching," at the gain/loss threshold. Using the 1979-1990 IRS Panel of Individual Returns, I document the predicted bunching and shifting in the distribution of balance due, and examine the causes and correlates of these features. The observed distribution is consistent with the framing of tax payments as losses and tax refunds as gains, and is difficult to rationalize with plausible alternative theories. Using two complementary structural approaches -- identified from the bunching and shifting predictions, respectively -- I estimate substantial potential policy impact of this psychological bias. These results have direct implications for tax policy and public finance.
Loss Evasion And Tax Aversion
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Loss Evasion And Tax Aversion written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Tax Evasion
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Author : Paul Webley
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1991-08-30
Tax Evasion written by Paul Webley and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-08-30 with Psychology categories.
This book explores tax evasion through an extensive psychological approach, surveys and official records to simulate real-world cases.
Choices Values And Frames
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Author : Daniel Kahneman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-09-25
Choices Values And Frames written by Daniel Kahneman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09-25 with Psychology categories.
This book presents the definitive exposition of 'prospect theory', a compelling alternative to the classical utility theory of choice. Building on the 1982 volume, Judgement Under Uncertainty, this book brings together seminal papers on prospect theory from economists, decision theorists, and psychologists, including the work of the late Amos Tversky, whose contributions are collected here for the first time. While remaining within a rational choice framework, prospect theory delivers more accurate, empirically verified predictions in key test cases, as well as helping to explain many complex, real-world puzzles. In this volume, it is brought to bear on phenomena as diverse as the principles of legal compensation, the equity premium puzzle in financial markets, and the number of hours that New York cab drivers choose to drive on rainy days. Theoretically elegant and empirically robust, this volume shows how prospect theory has matured into a new science of decision making.
Popularity A Bridge Between Classical And Behavioral Finance
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Author : Roger G. Ibbotson
language : en
Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation
Release Date : 2018
Popularity A Bridge Between Classical And Behavioral Finance written by Roger G. Ibbotson and has been published by CFA Institute Research Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
Classical and behavioral finance are often seen as being at odds, but the idea of “popularity” has been introduced as a way of reconciling the two approaches. Investors like or dislike various characteristics of securities for rational reasons (as in classical finance) or irrational reasons (as in behavioral finance), which makes the assets popular or unpopular. In the capital markets, popular (unpopular) securities trade at prices that are higher (lower) than they would be otherwise; hence, the shares may provide lower (higher) expected returns.This book builds on this idea and expands it in two major ways. First, it introduces a rigorous asset pricing model, the popularity asset pricing model (PAPM), which adds investor preferences for security characteristics other than the risk and expected return that are part of the capital asset pricing model. A major conclusion of the PAPM is that the expected return of any security is a linear function of not only its systematic risk (beta) but also of all security characteristics that investors care about. The other major contribution of the book is new empirical work that, while confirming the well-known premiums (such as size, value, and liquidity) in a popularity context, supports the popularity hypothesis on the basis of portfolios of stocks based on such characteristics as brand value, sustainable competitive advantage, and reputation. Popularity unifies the factors that affect price in classical finance with those that drive price in behavioral finance, thus creating a unifying theory or bridge between classical and behavioral finance.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Consumer Psychology
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Author : Cait Lamberton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-04-06
The Cambridge Handbook Of Consumer Psychology written by Cait Lamberton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-06 with Psychology categories.
In the last two years, consumers have experienced massive changes in consumption – whether due to shifts in habits; the changing information landscape; challenges to their identity, or new economic experiences of scarcity or abundance. What can we expect from these experiences? How are the world's leading thinkers applying both foundational knowledge and novel insights as we seek to understand consumer psychology in a constantly changing landscape? And how can informed readers both contribute to and evaluate our knowledge? This handbook offers a critical overview of both fundamental topics in consumer psychology and those that are of prominence in the contemporary marketplace, beginning with an examination of individual psychology and broadening to topics related to wider cultural and marketplace systems. The Cambridge Handbook of Consumer Psychology, 2nd edition, will act as a valuable guide for teachers and graduate and undergraduate students in psychology, marketing, management, economics, sociology, and anthropology.
Behavioral Decision Making
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Author : George Wright
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-11
Behavioral Decision Making written by George Wright and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-11 with Psychology categories.
Handbook Of The Fundamentals Of Financial Decision Making
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Author : Leonard C. MacLean
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013
Handbook Of The Fundamentals Of Financial Decision Making written by Leonard C. MacLean and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
This handbook in two parts covers key topics of the theory of financial decision making. Some of the papers discuss real applications or case studies as well. There are a number of new papers that have never been published before especially in Part II.Part I is concerned with Decision Making Under Uncertainty. This includes subsections on Arbitrage, Utility Theory, Risk Aversion and Static Portfolio Theory, and Stochastic Dominance. Part II is concerned with Dynamic Modeling that is the transition for static decision making to multiperiod decision making. The analysis starts with Risk Measures and then discusses Dynamic Portfolio Theory, Tactical Asset Allocation and Asset-Liability Management Using Utility and Goal Based Consumption-Investment Decision Models.A comprehensive set of problems both computational and review and mind expanding with many unsolved problems are in an accompanying problems book. The handbook plus the book of problems form a very strong set of materials for PhD and Masters courses both as the main or as supplementary text in finance theory, financial decision making and portfolio theory. For researchers, it is a valuable resource being an up to date treatment of topics in the classic books on these topics by Johnathan Ingersoll in 1988, and William Ziemba and Raymond Vickson in 1975 (updated 2 nd edition published in 2006).
