Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions
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Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions
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Author : Madeleine Hösli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions written by Madeleine Hösli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Business & Economics categories.
Free Trade Agreements Versus Customs Unions
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Author : Anne O. Krueger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Free Trade Agreements Versus Customs Unions written by Anne O. Krueger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Customs unions categories.
Until NAFTA, analyses of preferential trading arrangements began by assuming a customs union with a common external tariff, and the differences between customs unions and free trade agreements (FTAs) have been little analyzed. This paper points to some of the differences between FTAs and customs unions, and shows that on welfare grounds a customs union is always Pareto-superior to an FTA. Moreover, the political economy of FTAs will lead to more opposition to further multilateral trade liberalization than will customs unions.
Restructuring Trade Agreements
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Author : Juscelino F. Colares
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2021-07-27
Restructuring Trade Agreements written by Juscelino F. Colares and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-27 with Law categories.
To avoid trade-bargain erosion, countries involved in large-scale, bilateral or regional trade arrangements must reconcile preserving close economic ties and supply chains with the need to dynamically adjust to new opportunities with other partners. Using the growing deterioration of the European Union-Turkey Customs Union as an illustration to a new model of trade-agreement restructuring, this well-researched and deeply insightful book outlines and demonstrates how this trade arrangement can be successfully renegotiated, thus providing expert practical guidance in a crucial area of trade law and policy that rarely receives the attention it deserves. The book's novel framework features a clearly articulated legal foundation, a transactional deployment strategy, and a sequential negotiating approach applicable to bilateral and regional trade arrangements whose original terms no longer reflect the changed capabilities and interests of at least one of its parties. The authors respond in detail to questions, such as: When should a country pursue bargain rebalancing? How should trade diplomats pursue renegotiation and/or new partnerships, legally and transactionally? Given that free trade agreements keep each country’s trade sovereignty mostly intact, under which circumstances should a country ever consider entering a customs union? How may free-trade agreements help countries address trade imbalances while enhancing supply chain resilience? What are the limits to WTO litigation as an effective market-barrier-opening tool? How should trade-agreement restructuring be deployed as a path to further trade liberalization? In-depth attention is paid to identifying and investigating trade arrangements that are ripe for renegotiation and assessing sources of domestic and external support for or against renegotiating such bargains. This book’s model of international trade-agreement restructuring fits well with emerging thinking on greater trade diversification and supply-chain resilience. The authors provide a clear, actionable approach for considering and conducting the renegotiation of trade deals. For these reasons, this book will be welcomed by trade lawyers, supply-chain executives, economists, government officials, and academics who are grappling with rising economic frictions in the fault lines of national sovereignty, economic interdependence, and the limits of current trade arrangements.
Bilateral And Regional Trade Agreements
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Author : Bryan Mercurio
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009
Bilateral And Regional Trade Agreements written by Bryan Mercurio and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Commercial treaties categories.
Tariff Coordination In Free Trade Agreements And Custom Unions
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Author : Sihoon Nahm
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Tariff Coordination In Free Trade Agreements And Custom Unions written by Sihoon Nahm and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This paper explains why free trade agreements (FTAs) are more popular than customs unions (CUs), and it identifies the optimal rule in FTAs and CUs to achieve global tariff-free trade. Employing an equilibrium theory of trade agreements with tariff coordination, I demonstrate that two FTA members can keep their external tariff higher than separately decided external tariffs by keeping the status-quo. This "implicit" tariff coordination can benefit each member through trade diversion. In a CU, each member country must have a common, optimal external tariff, and it must incur costs because each country has its own opinion regarding what tariff to impose on each good. The coordination factor accounts for the popularity of the FTA. This paper also compares equilibrium results for both types of trade agreements and each rule. FTA with coordination is best to support global tariff-free trade. CUs cannot make a noticeable change when an FTA is also possible.
Free Trade Agreements
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Author : Jeffrey J Schott
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2004-05-07
Free Trade Agreements written by Jeffrey J Schott and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-07 with Political Science categories.
In this conference volume, distinguished economists and trade policymakers address the US initiatives to enter into free trade negotiations with a broad range of countries in the Asia-Pacific region, the Western Hemisphere, and Africa. The sheer number of these initiatives is unprecedented and has provoked major policy questions concerning US interests in the negotiations, the setting of priorities among the many contenders for concluding free trade agreements (FTAs) with the United States, the objectives of those trading partners, and the implications that these agreements could have for broader initiatives such as the Doha Round in the World Trade Organization and the Free Trade Area of the Americas. The papers in the volume were presented during a conference on FTAs and US trade policy, sponsored by the Institute in May 2003. The editor, Jeffrey Schott, summarizes the policy implications drawn from the conference papers and discussions, which are organized around several topics: the conceptual case for FTAs and how they have worked in the past; what FTAs imply for the broader global system; the specific agreements that are already being pursued (Australia, Central America, Morocco, southern Africa) or considered (ASEAN, Brazil, Egypt, Korea, and Taiwan). The volume includes a technical appendix with results of GTAP and gravity model simulations of the trade and welfare effects of the prospective agreements.
On The Different Geographic Characteristics Of Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions
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Author : James Lake
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
On The Different Geographic Characteristics Of Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions written by James Lake and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Free Trade Agreements In Southeast Asia
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Author : Rahul Sen
language : en
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Release Date : 2004-06-22
Free Trade Agreements In Southeast Asia written by Rahul Sen and has been published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-22 with Political Science categories.
Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are often considered as one of the building blocks for regional economic integration. This book details the concluded as well as ongoing FTA initiatives of Singapore, highlighting the benefits to the Singapore economy.
Free Trade Agreements As Protectionist Devices
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Author : Anne O. Krueger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Free Trade Agreements As Protectionist Devices written by Anne O. Krueger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Free trade categories.
In this paper it is argued that there is an important protectionist bias inherent in free trade agreements which is not present in custom unions. In any customs union or free trade agreement, one of the critical issues concerns "rules of origin." In a free trade agreement rules of origin have an important function because, without one, each imported commodity would enter through the country with the lowest tariff on each commodity. The criterion for duty-free treatment is important in determining the economic effects of the rule of origin. It is shown that rules of origin in fact extend the protection accorded by each country to producers in other free trade agreement member countries. As such, rules of origin can constitute a source of bias toward economic inefficiency in free trade agreements in a way they cannot do with customs unions
Multilateral Trade Liberalization And Political Disintegration
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Author : Maurice W. Schiff
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2000
Multilateral Trade Liberalization And Political Disintegration written by Maurice W. Schiff and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Acuerdos comerciales categories.
Two theories are combined to explain why free trade areas have proliferated more than customs unions have.