Free Will In Malebranche And Leibniz
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Free Will In Malebranche And Leibniz
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Author : Matthew Joseph Wurst
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Free Will In Malebranche And Leibniz written by Matthew Joseph Wurst and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This dissertation explores two aspects of freedom in Malebranche and Leibniz. The first concerns the freedom with which God creates. Malebranche and Leibniz both think that God sees reasons to create a world, and that God freely decides to create a world in light of those reasons. They disagree, though, both about what the reasons are for why God creates and the sense in which God is free in creating. The second issue concerns their agreement that God and humans are free in the same sense, a controversial position in the period. I argue that Malebranche's God creates a world with the purpose of glorifying himself. Furthermore, Malebranche's God's decision to create instead of doing nothing whatsoever involves the indifference of equilibrium. This is because God glorifies himself whether he creates a world or not. An implication of this position is that there is no contrastive explanation for why God creates a world instead of doing nothing whatsoever. A notoriously difficult question for Malebranche is how his account of human freedom is consistent with his commitment to occasionalism. I argue that recognizing that human freedom for Malebranche, too, involves an indifference of equilibrium allows an interpretation of Malebranche's account of freedom that does not undermine his commitment to occasionalism. A problem for Leibniz is that it is unclear how the existence of the best possible world can be contingent if it is metaphysically necessary that God chooses whatever seems best to him. I deny that it is metaphysically necessary that God chooses whatever seems best to him. Instead, for Leibniz, God's decision to create the best possible world is free and contingent because it is founded on his free decision to set his will to always choose whatever is best. This decision is free because it is formally indemonstrable from God's nature. Recognizing that this decision is free shows how it can be that unactualized possibles strive for existence in their very nature, while also maintaining that the existence of the best set of them is contingent. Finally, I argue that, against what Leibniz's 1686 essay "On Necessary and Contingent Truths" may suggest, Leibniz maintains that there is a univocal sense in which all intelligent agents are free.
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Philosophy Of Mind Freewill Political Philosophy Influences
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Author : R. S. Woolhouse
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1994
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Philosophy Of Mind Freewill Political Philosophy Influences written by R. S. Woolhouse and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Language and languages categories.
Leibniz
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Author : Donald Rutherford
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005-03-17
Leibniz written by Donald Rutherford and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-17 with Philosophy categories.
New essays offer an overview of current research into Leibniz' metaphysics, situating this distinctive philosophy of nature.
Theodicy
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Author : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
language : en
Publisher: DigiCat
Release Date : 2022-11-13
Theodicy written by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and has been published by DigiCat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-13 with Philosophy categories.
"Theodicy" is a book of philosophy by the German polymath Gottfried Leibniz published in 1710, whose optimistic approach to the problem of evil is thought to have inspired Voltaire's "Candide". Much of the work consists of a response to the ideas of the French philosopher Pierre Bayle, with whom Leibniz carried on a debate for many years. The "Theodicy" tries to justify the apparent imperfections of the world by claiming that it is optimal among all possible worlds. It must be the best possible and most balanced world, because it was created by an all powerful and all knowing God, who would not choose to create an imperfect world if a better world could be known to him or possible to exist. In effect, apparent flaws that can be identified in this world must exist in every possible world, because otherwise God would have chosen to create the world that excluded those flaws. Leibniz distinguishes three forms of evil: moral, physical, and metaphysical. Moral evil is sin, physical evil is pain, and metaphysical evil is limitation. God permits moral and physical evil for the sake of greater goods, and metaphysical evil is unavoidable since any created universe must necessarily fall short of God's absolute perfection.
Hidden Folds Of Freedom
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Author : Sean Greenberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Hidden Folds Of Freedom written by Sean Greenberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Determinism And Freewill
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Author : James O'Higgins
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Determinism And Freewill written by James O'Higgins and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
The Philosophical Inquiry concerning Human Liberty of Anthony Collins' was considered by Joseph Priestley and Voltaire to be the best book written on freewill up to their own time. Priestley admitted that it convert ed him to determinism and it had a powerful effect on Voltaire in the same direction. It seems important to place in its wider historical context a book which so influenced such men and which greatly impressed the philosophes in general. Therefore - and because such an account has value in itself - the Introduction contains a survey of the freewill controversy from the time of Hobbes to that of Leibniz, giving in some detail the opinions of Hobbes, Locke, Pierre Bayle, William King, Archbishop of Dublin, and Leibniz and an account of the Scholastic doctrine of liberty of indifference - opinions which either influenced Collins or against which he reacted. The value and originality of Collins' works need assessing. He was also at times liable to misinterpret or misunderstand the authorities he quoted. I have, therefore, subjected the Inquiry to a detailed critique. This also gives cross-references to parallel passages in Collins' works and those of the authors who influenced him, and, by discussing the philosophical and theological questions to which his writings give rise, obviates the need for a good many footnotes in the notes that follow the text.
Real Alternatives Leibniz S Metaphysics Of Choice
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Author : R.O. Savage
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Real Alternatives Leibniz S Metaphysics Of Choice written by R.O. Savage and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
In the `Preliminary Dissertation' of his Theodicy, Leibniz declares himself an apologist for the compatibilist doctrines of original sin, election and reprobation propounded by the theologians of the Augsburg Confession. According to those theologians, man's actions are determined but man retains the power to act otherwise and therefore is responsible for his actions. Savage argues that Leibniz, in formulating his apology, availed himself of both his doctrine of possible worlds and his finite-infinite analysis distinction (the latter being applied within the former). Savage challenges the dogma that Leibniz's metaphysical principles entail that individuals are powerless to act otherwise and that God cannot conceive of them acting otherwise. He argues that interpreters deduce the dogma from those principles with the aid of dubious extra-textual premises, for example, that a Leibnizian individual has only one complete concept or cannot be persons other than the person it actually is.
Confessio Philosophi
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Author : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Confessio Philosophi written by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
This volume contains papers that represent Leibniz's early thoughts on the problem of evil, centring on a dialogue, the Confessio philosophi, in which he formulates a general account of God's relation to sin and evil that becomes a fixture in his thinking. How can God be understood to be the ultimate cause, asks Leibniz, without God being considered as the author of sin, a conclusion incompatible with God's holiness? Leibniz's attempts to justify the way of God to humans lead him to deep discussion of related topics: the nature of free choice, the problems of necessitarianism and fatalism, the nature of divine justice and holiness. All but one of the writings presented here are available in English for the first time.
Hidden Folds Of Freedom
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Author : Sean Greenberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Hidden Folds Of Freedom written by Sean Greenberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Free will and determinism categories.
Leibniz On Freedom And Determinism In Relation To Aquinas And Molina
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Author : Didier Njirayamanda Kaphagawani
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-07-23
Leibniz On Freedom And Determinism In Relation To Aquinas And Molina written by Didier Njirayamanda Kaphagawani and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-23 with Philosophy categories.
First published in 1999, this volume considers the 17th century philosopher Leibniz and his views on Freedom and Determinism, aiming to show that his solution is in many respects superior to those of Aquinias and Molina. The author thoroughly explores Leibniz in the light of Aquinas and Molina, first examining their positions on freedom and determinism, followed by Leibniz on freedom, contingency and determinism, the denial of freedom of pure indifference, freedom and divine foreknowledge and major interpretations of his philosophy.