Fyr Macedonia Strategy Overview
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Fyr Macedonia Strategy Overview
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Fyr Macedonia Strategy Overview written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Macedonia (Republic) categories.
Ebrd Strategy For Fyr Macedonia 1997 98
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Ebrd Strategy For Fyr Macedonia 1997 98 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Macedonia categories.
Macedonia Republic Mineral Mining Sector Investment And Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information And Regulations
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Author : IBP, Inc.
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2017-04
Macedonia Republic Mineral Mining Sector Investment And Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information And Regulations written by IBP, Inc. and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04 with Business & Economics categories.
Macedonia Republic Mineral, Mining Sector Investment and Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Regulations
Fyr Macedonia Green Growth Country Assessment
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Author : Erika Jorgensen and Maria Shkaratan
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date :
Fyr Macedonia Green Growth Country Assessment written by Erika Jorgensen and Maria Shkaratan and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
This green growth country assessment for FYR Macedonia defines and assesses the economic costs and benefits of a shift to greener growth for FYR Macedonia, with a focus on climate action. Multi-sector analytic work tied together by macroeconomic modeling generated a detailed green growth path to 2050. While addressing today's economic challenges, policymakers need to keep the long-term in mind, both the likely impact of a changing climate on water, agriculture, and infrastructure and growing obligations to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. This consideration is particularly important for decisions on long-lived infrastructure such as power supply, irrigation, or urban streets, water distribution, and sewers. Innovative modeling of water as a constraint on growth as the climate becomes warmer and drier quantified the tough tradeoffs that will be needed to balance competing demands from agriculture, the power sector, and municipalities and industry. A greener energy sector needs to aim at increased supply security, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and increased supply efficiency: more generation to avoid blackouts and expensive imports; lignite and oil replaced by gas and renewables in the supply mix; and aggressive energy efficiency measures in industry, buildings, and households. Providing better transport services while containing accelerating emissions growth will require better fuel efficiency, more use of rail and public transport, and an integrated approach to urban transport that maximizes local cobenefits. Urban areas, especially the capital city of Skopje hold the potential to lead on greener growth. In recent years, urban sprawl, driven by growth in the number of single family houses that use wood for heating and private cars for commuting, has pushed up the energy intensity of urban life as well as the cost of delivering infrastructure services to a less-dense community. The country also needs to plan for the impact of a changing climate on the reliability and quality of infrastructure services. Planners need to decide whether to build infrastructure to be more resilient today or wait to see what happens and spend more on maintenance and rehabilitation (or replacement) later. For FYR Macedonia, the top priorities for infrastructure adaptation over the next decade include urban drainage systems, health and education facilities and municipal buildings. The main local cobenefit of mitigation will be reduction of air pollution, which is among the highest in Europe. Particulate matter pollution from industry, the power sector, and road paving can be abated through better equipment while the other large and unusual source of air pollution--the widespread use of wood for heat by urban households--can be reduced in the near-term by more modern stoves and in the long-term by better heating options. An economy-wide macroeconomic assessment estimates the impact on growth and employment of packages of green growth actions across sectors and provides advice on priorities for public investment. Climate investments pose costs upfront but provide benefits both now and later. Adaptation interventions (which protect tomorrow’s output from climate damage) are found to be less costly to growth and employment in the short-term than mitigation measures (which reduce greenhouse gas emissions) once sector results are integrated into a general equilibrium model. Under a ‘green’ climate action scenario, moderate adaptation measures in agriculture and water and incremental expenses in the climate-proofing of physical infrastructure would amount to the equivalent of around 0.1 percent of annual GDP, while moderate mitigation measures would require the mobilization of resources constituting about one percent of annual GDP. More ambitious climate action, under a ‘super-green’ scenario, would require water sector investments that reach one percent of GDP by 2015 while mitigation investments require two percent of GDP by 2020. Green climate action would together generate short-term losses to national income of more than two percent if financing is mobilized domestically, while super-green action induces even bigger losses. However, both moderate and ambitious climate action promise a medium- to long-term boost in the level of GDP—reaching 1.5 to 2 percent by 2050.
Macedonia Investment And Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic And Practical Information
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Author : IBP USA
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2013-08
Macedonia Investment And Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic And Practical Information written by IBP USA and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Macedonia Investment and Business Guide - Strategic and Practical Information
Fyr Macedonia Supplier Development Pilot Program Toolkit
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Author : Weltbankgruppe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Fyr Macedonia Supplier Development Pilot Program Toolkit written by Weltbankgruppe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
A supplier development pilot program (Pilot SDP) was designed upon request from the Macedonian Government aiming to stimulate linkages between local SMEs and large foreign companies operating FYR Macedonia. The program piloted a group of targeted and coordinated interventions to support local SMEs to increase their sophistication, compete more effectively and integrate into the global and regional supply chains of the large foreign companies located in and outside the special economic zones (TIDZs). The Program was a joint effort of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC). International experience suggests that SDPs can make a substantial impact in generating increased domestic value added. The Czech and Serbian experience showed that having SDP in place is a win-win for all parties involved in the process (Government, foreign investors and local companies). Countries that attract Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) but do not develop linkages do not fully benefit from FDI; SDPs are instrumental in attracting additional FDI, and thus government should promote SDPs as part of their FDI strategy.
Guide To Business Information On Central And Eastern Europe
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Author : Tania Konn
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-09-02
Guide To Business Information On Central And Eastern Europe written by Tania Konn and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with Business & Economics categories.
This guide is an introduction to English language sources, in electronic and conventional print forms, dealing with Central and Eastern European business issues. It gives evaluative descriptions and costs of all listed sources, and concentrates on recent sources. Sources in respect of some of these countries can be difficult to locate, and the author provides guidance on how to go about finding them.
Strategic Rebellion
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Author : Pavlos I. Koktsidis
language : en
Publisher: Nationalisms across the Globe
Release Date : 2012
Strategic Rebellion written by Pavlos I. Koktsidis and has been published by Nationalisms across the Globe this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Balkan Peninsula categories.
Since the end of the Cold War, the consolidation of peace and security in south-eastern Europe has been one of the most complex and troublesome issues facing the international community. The sequence of conflicts in the Balkans has resulted in serious loss of life, economic collapse, and a number of controversial interventions, leading contemporary scholars to reconsider old perceptions about violent ethnic conflict. Drawing on a wealth of theoretical and empirical sources, this book tackles some of the prevailing questions on the root causes and management of ethnic conflict. Under what conditions do ethnic minorities become violent? How credible are the theories of «relative deprivation» and «greed» in explaining the outbreak of conflict? Is the use of coercive diplomacy a superior alternative to direct military forms of intervention? This book provides an analytical account of the socio-economic roots of ethnic conflict, the opportunities for violent mobilization and the success of strategic coercion in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and it also examines related developments in Kosovo and the Balkans.
Macedonia Republic Company Laws And Regulations Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information And Basic Laws
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Author : IBP, Inc.
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2016-05-29
Macedonia Republic Company Laws And Regulations Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information And Basic Laws written by IBP, Inc. and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-29 with Business & Economics categories.
2011 Updated Reprint. Updated Annually. Macedonia, Republic Company Laws and Regulations Handbook
Strategic Environmental Policy Assessment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Strategic Environmental Policy Assessment written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
