Gaharu
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Fragrant Wood Gaharu
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Author : Irnayuli R. Sitepu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Fragrant Wood Gaharu written by Irnayuli R. Sitepu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Comparison Of Gaharu Aquilaria Malaccensis Essential Oil Composition Between Each Country
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Author : Nurdiyana Abu Bakar Sidik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Comparison Of Gaharu Aquilaria Malaccensis Essential Oil Composition Between Each Country written by Nurdiyana Abu Bakar Sidik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Aquilaria is an evegreen tree growing up to 40 meters high and 60 centimetres in diameter. These trees frequently become infected with a fungus and begin to produce an aromatic resin commonly called Aloeswood, Agarwood and Oud. The resin is created in response to an attack from Phialophora parasitica, which is a parasite fungus or mold. The purpose of this project were to know the compounds in essential oil from gaharu that been produced by hydrodistillation, to analyse of the compound in the gaharu essential oil and to determine the quality, chemical compound and method use to extract the essential oil of gaharu between different origins. Chemical compound of an agarwood originating from agarwood (Aquilaria sp. probably A. malaccensis) were investigated by GC-MS. The differences in chemical composition between the agarwood in four difference countries are discussed. The samples are taken from gaharu production industry at Kelantan, China, India and Thailand. The extraction of gaharu essential oil also been done by using hydrodistillation. Firstly preparations of the sample were done by make the sample to the sawdust and after that soak it with water. Then setting the hydrodistillation set and heated up the sample that was soaked before. The temperature of the sample was maintained at 980C to 990C for three days. Collect the sample that diluted in solvent of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and put it in sample bottle. Cleaned the sample from the water existed, before analyze it with GC-MS. The data from GC-MS were recorded in the understandable way. The compound between the four countries have large dissimilar, but it still some component is comparable between each country. The essential oil had been produced and been analyzed. If look from analysis result, component from oil sample of industry and laboratory were not identical. -Author.
Chinese Gaharu Trade In Singapore
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Author : Bee Leng Lim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Chinese Gaharu Trade In Singapore written by Bee Leng Lim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Chinese categories.
Wood For The Trees
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Author : Lim Teck Wyn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Wood For The Trees written by Lim Teck Wyn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Enzymatic Enhanced Production Of Gaharu Oil
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Author : Sanisah Arsat
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Enzymatic Enhanced Production Of Gaharu Oil written by Sanisah Arsat and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Extraction Optimization Of Gaharu Leaves And Commercial Gaharu Teas
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Author : Wei Xin Foo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Extraction Optimization Of Gaharu Leaves And Commercial Gaharu Teas written by Wei Xin Foo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Polyphenols categories.
Transforming Malaysian Gaharu Industry With Science Technology And Innovation
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Author : Khairuddin Abdul Rahim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Transforming Malaysian Gaharu Industry With Science Technology And Innovation written by Khairuddin Abdul Rahim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Extraction Of Gaharu Essential Oil Using Microwave Assisted Extraction Mae
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Author : Mohd. Rosli Ramly
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Extraction Of Gaharu Essential Oil Using Microwave Assisted Extraction Mae written by Mohd. Rosli Ramly and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Gaharu or it scientific named Aquilaria malaccensis is one of the most precious trees in the world. It is one of the most expensive natural products existing today. Gaharu is also known as Agarwood, eaglewood, aloeswood, oud, chen-xiang, and jingkoh. Gaharu grade C from peninsular Malaysia was used in this study. Conventional extraction method such as ultrasonic extraction and Soxhlet extraction is not effective, lower yield and the reaction time to produce gaharu essential oil take longer extraction time. Microwave assisted extraction method was identified as one of the extracting methods account to the economical, high yield and ease of the operation. By doing microwave assisted extraction, the time and temperature is observed by analyzing the data. The pressure performed at atmosphere (1atm), and temperature range is from 60°C to 100°C. For overall result, the yield percentage obtained is 0%. This is because the parameters that used in this experiment are not suitable for gaharu using microwave assisted extraction method. Low yield of the gaharu essential oils can be improved in future study by carrying out the research in larger scale.
Extraction Of Gaharu Essential Oil Using Spinning Band Distillation
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Author : Ahmad Fadzli Zakaria
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Extraction Of Gaharu Essential Oil Using Spinning Band Distillation written by Ahmad Fadzli Zakaria and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Gaharu is known as one of the most expensive wood in the world. Its essential oil is used in many industries such as perfume and also toiletries. The gaharu that was used in this study is grade C gaharu from peninsular of Malysia (Aquiliria Malaccensis) or known as 'karas' among the locals. Traditionally, gaharu oil is extracted by distilling the grinded gaharu sample in a copper still. However the process it is not effective and the yield of oil is relatively small and it acquire high temperature. The extraction of gaharu essential oil using spinning band distillation (batch distillation) and water as solvent at heating rate and temperature cut ranging from 20 - 40% and 25 - 100°C respectively was studied. The size of gaharu particle that will be used is
Extraction Performance Study Of Gaharu Using Microwave Extraction Method
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Author : Nadia Salleh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Extraction Performance Study Of Gaharu Using Microwave Extraction Method written by Nadia Salleh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Agarwood (Wood) categories.
Nowadays, as technology develops, more process and equipments is found in order to extract gaharu especially for its essential oil. In producing high yield of essential oil with less time consuming, this study is important so that the extracted product can be used in multiple ways as in varies industry and are suitable for pharmaceutical and herbs industry. This study is limited to two parameters which are days of gaharu soaking and the microwave power. The gaharu grade C used will be grind and soak in the distilled water before extract and the oil yield will be analyze using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From this study, it have been proven that microwave extraction is suitable in extracting gaharu with acceptably low time comparing to other extraction equipment but the yield is too little and as gaharu itself contains low resin in it, the oil extracted were mostly visible at the wall of equipments. As the power of microwave increases, the yield obtained increases too due to the loosening of cell wall of gaharu that increase the yield essential oil. The days of soaking has also been proven to be directly proportional to the yield of oil extracted, considering the power of microwave set and other condition.From the analysis done by FTIR, several compounds have been found such as sulfoxide, alkanes, alkyl halides, alcohol and imines. Although the component of gaharu itself can't be ascertain, the existence of alcohol in some of the mixture shows that there might be possibilities of the chemical compound of gaharu such as jinkoh-eremol, agarospirol and jinkohol that were OH group miscible in the distilled water analyze.
