Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption
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Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption
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Author : Marival Bermejo
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-03-19
Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption written by Marival Bermejo and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-19 with Medical categories.
This book presents some of the state-of-the-art methods for the study of the gastrointestinal variables affecting oral drug absorption. Practical applications of new in vitro release/dissolution methods are presented, as well as in vitro permeability studies to explore segmental differences. The application of MRI methods for the study of colon physiology is presented to illustrate its potential applications in controlled release dosage form design. Some examples of successful in vitro–in vivo correlations show how implementing the gastrointestinal physiological variables in the new in vitro methods can improve the predictions of in vivo drug product performance. The book contains an updated review of the experimental, computational, and in vivo approaches for measuring intestinal permeability.
Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption Experimental Computational And In Vitro Predictive Approaches
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Author : Marival Bermejo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Gastrointestinal Variables And Drug Absorption Experimental Computational And In Vitro Predictive Approaches written by Marival Bermejo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Medicine (General) categories.
This book presents some of the state-of-the-art methods for the study of the gastrointestinal variables affecting oral drug absorption. Practical applications of new in vitro release/dissolution methods are presented, as well as in vitro permeability studies to explore segmental differences. The application of MRI methods for the study of colon physiology is presented to illustrate its potential applications in controlled release dosage form design. Some examples of successful in vitro-in vivo correlations show how implementing the gastrointestinal physiological variables in the new in vitro methods can improve the predictions of in vivo drug product performance. The book contains an updated review of the experimental, computational, and in vivo approaches for measuring intestinal permeability.
Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption
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Author : Maria Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-05-28
Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption written by Maria Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-28 with categories.
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be broadly divided into several regions: the stomach, the small intestine (which is subdivided to duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and the colon. The conditions and environment in each of these segments, and even within the segment, are dependent on many factors, e.g., the surrounding pH, fluid composition, transporters expression, metabolic enzymes activity, tight junction resistance, different morphology along the GIT, variable intestinal mucosal cell differentiation, changes in drug concentration (in cases of carrier-mediated transport), thickness and types of mucus, and resident microflora. Each of these variables, alone or in combination with others, can fundamentally alter the solubility/dissolution, the intestinal permeability, and the overall absorption of various drugs. This is the underlying mechanistic basis of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption, which has led to many attempts to deliver drugs to specific regions throughout the GIT, aiming to optimize drug absorption, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and/or pharmacodynamics. In the book "Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Formulation" we aim to highlight the current progress and to provide an overview of the latest developments in the field of regional-dependent intestinal drug absorption and delivery, as well as pointing out the unmet needs of the field.
Physiological Pharmaceutics
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Author : Neena Washington
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-12-21
Physiological Pharmaceutics written by Neena Washington and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-21 with Medical categories.
In recent years, the emphasis in drug development has been the design of new delivery systems rather than new drugs. It is the aim of innovative pharmaceutical scientists to design the new dosage forms to overcome the body's barrier mechanisms which have specifically evolved to exclude foreign material. This book provides an integrated approach to the study of drug formulation in the body with the emphasis on the formulation variables rather than the drugs. The link between physiology and pharmaceutics is presented to give an essential background of biological principles for the pharmacy student, pharmaceutical formulator and healthcare professional. Complex mathematical aspects of physical chemistry have been avoided to facilitate understanding, enabling the reader to concentrate on how the biological environment affects the performance of the drugs and dosage forms. As the majority of drugs are administered via the oral route a large proportion of the book is devoted to the gastrointestinal tract and the variation in the capacity for drug absorption which occurs along its length. Transdermal, ocular, pulmonary and nasal drug delivery are discussed in detail. New chapters in the book include 'Vaginal drug delivery', the 'Blood brain barrier' and 'Parenteral drug delivery'.
Oral Drug Absorption
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Author : Jennifer B. Dressman
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-19
Oral Drug Absorption written by Jennifer B. Dressman and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Medical categories.
Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an
Concepts In Biochemical Pharmacology
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Author : H.S. Ackermann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-27
Concepts In Biochemical Pharmacology written by H.S. Ackermann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-27 with Medical categories.
This volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology (Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology) will show that pharma cology has finally arrived as a true discipline in its own right, and is no longer the handmaiden of organic chemistry and physiology. Instead it is an amalgam of all the biological sciences including biochemistry, biophysical chemistry, physiology, pathology and clinical medicine. In the volumes that make up Concepts in Bioche mical Pharmacology we hope to convince Medical Schools what should now be obvious, that pharmacology is no longer that dull topic bridging the basic sciences with medicine, but is probably the most important subject in the medical curriculum. We are grateful for the advice of Dr. BYRON CLARKE, Director of the Pharmacology-Toxicology Program at the National Insti tutes of Health, whose support made possible much of the work described in this volume. Contents Section One: Routes of Drug Administration Chapter 1: Biological Membranes and Their Passage by Drugs. C. A. M. HOGBEN 1 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter 2: Absorption of Drugs from the Gastrointestinal Tract. L. S. SCHANKER. With 5 Figures. 9 I. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 II. Methods of Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 III. Absorption from the Stomach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 IV. Intestinal Absorption of Non-Electrolytes and Weak Electrolytes 15 V. Absorption of Weak Electrolytes from the Colon and Rectum 18 VI. Intestinal Absorption of Organic Ions. . . . . . . . . . 19 VII. Intestinal Absorption of Macromolecules . . . . . . . . . . 19 VIII. Active Transport across the Intestinal Epithelium . . . . . 20 IX. Effect of EDTA on Drug Absorption from the Intestine . . . . . . .
Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System For Oral Anti Diabetic Agents
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Author : Shailendra Singh
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2013
Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System For Oral Anti Diabetic Agents written by Shailendra Singh and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Most of the oral dosage forms possess several physiological limitations such as variable gastrointestinal transit because of variable gastric emptying leading to non-uniform absorption profiles, incomplete drug release and shorter residence time of the dosage form in the stomach. This leads to incomplete absorption of drugs having absorption window especially in the upper part of the small intestine, as once the drug passes down the absorption site, the remaining quantity goes unabsorbed.Since many drugs are well absorbed in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, such high variability may lead to non-uniform absorption and makes the bioavailability unpredictable. Hence, a beneficial delivery system to control and prolong the gastric emptying time and can deliver drugs in higher concentrations to the absorption site to show local action in the stomach requires a specialized delivery system. So the purpose of this study was to lengthen the stay of drug in its favorable absorption area and prolonging the release of the drug by formulating it into an effervescent gastro-retentive drug delivery system.
Gastrointestinal Drug Absorption
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Author : Jeremy Artley
language : en
Publisher: American Medical Publishers
Release Date : 2023-09-19
Gastrointestinal Drug Absorption written by Jeremy Artley and has been published by American Medical Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Medical categories.
Gastrointestinal absorption of a drug is a complex process which involves a series of sub-processes. It is also subject to different variables such as physiological factors and disease states. Passive non-ionic diffusion is the most prominent mechanism that plays a prominent role in the process of drug absorption. The difference in the concentration or the chemical potential across the membrane helps in the process of absorption. The cell membrane incorporates the non-ionized hydrophobic molecules between the long hydrocarbon chains through a dissolution-like process. As a result, the hydrophobic molecules are transferred into the absorptive cell. There are some other mechanisms that play a minor role in drug absorption. These mechanisms include pinocytosis, facilitated transport and passage through membrane pores. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the mechanism of gastrointestinal drug absorption. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers updated with the latest concepts in this area of study. The book is a vital tool for all researching this biological process.
Mathematical Modelling Of Drug Absorption From The Gastrointestinal Tract
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Author : Stephen James Firmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Mathematical Modelling Of Drug Absorption From The Gastrointestinal Tract written by Stephen James Firmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Drugs categories.
Drug Absorption From Abnormal Gastrointestinal Tract
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Author : Mauri J. Mattila
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Drug Absorption From Abnormal Gastrointestinal Tract written by Mauri J. Mattila and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.