Gender From Costs To Benefits
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Gender From Costs To Benefits
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Author : Ursula Pasero
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2013-03-08
Gender From Costs To Benefits written by Ursula Pasero and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-08 with Social Science categories.
Was kostet es, wenn Frauen genauso viel verdienen wie Männer? Sind geschlechtstypische Aufgabenverteilungen rentabel? Wie teuer ist es, auf das Führungspotenzial von Frauen zu verzichten? Rechnet sich Gender Mainstreaming und Gleichstellungs-Controlling? Profitieren Frauen von der Globalisierung? Was kostet Männer ihre Rolle im Geschlechterverhältnis? Diesen Schlüsselfragen der Gender-Forschung wird in einer gelungenen Mischung aus teils theoretisch, teils empirisch angelegten Beiträgen nachgegangen. Dabei zeichnen sich neue Zugänge, innovative Ansätze und gelungene Lösungskonzepte für die ökonomische Theorie und Praxis ab. Der Sammelband verschafft einen hervorragenden Überblick über den aktuellen Diskussionsstand der internationalen Gender-Forschung in den Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften.
Gender Differences In The Perceived Costs And Benefits Of Entering Parenthood
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Author : Kimberlee Bachman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Gender Differences In The Perceived Costs And Benefits Of Entering Parenthood written by Kimberlee Bachman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Parenthood categories.
The Effects Of Gender Identification On The Role Of Social Costs Vs Group Benefits In Confronting Sexism
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Author : Lisa Milford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Effects Of Gender Identification On The Role Of Social Costs Vs Group Benefits In Confronting Sexism written by Lisa Milford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
The current research examined when social costs and/or benefits of confronting discrimination would be effective in predicting women's confronting behavior. Past research has demonstrated that women are active processors of the discrimination that they encounter, yet they are unlikely to confront the discrimination that they face. Research has shown that social costs are a major inhibitor of confronting behavior, but has not considered the role that benefits of confronting play in this relationship. The present research predicted that gender identification (importance of group membership to self-definition) would influence how individuals assessed the group benefits of confronting (improving the situation for other women). It was expected that the effectiveness of these group benefits would be influenced by the costs that were present in the situation.^It was hypothesized that when social costs were low, individuals would confront discrimination regardless of their level of identification and confronting would increase when group benefits compared to no group benefits were available. However, it was predicted that when social costs were high, the effectiveness of the group benefits would be influenced by level of group identification. Specifically, it was hypothesized that women who were high in gender identification would confront discrimination more when group benefits could be gained from their confrontation compared to when there were no benefits to the group available. Additionally, it was predicted that when socials costs were high, women who were low in gender identification would confront less regardless of the benefits manipulation. Overall, 28% of the participants confronted the discrimination. Contrary to the predicted results, however, social costs did not influence women's confronting behaviors.^Also, unexpectedly, there was a non-significant trend for highly gender identified women in the group benefits condition to be less likely to confront the discrimination that they experienced.
Gender Equality Assessment Paper
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Gender Equality Assessment Paper written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Reconciling The Costs And Benefits Of Gender Conformity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Reconciling The Costs And Benefits Of Gender Conformity written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Affect (Psychology) categories.
Past research has shown that valuing gender conformity is associated with both positive (Guerrero-Witt & Wood, 2007; Wood, Christensen, Hebl, & Rothgerber, 1997) and negative (Sanchez & Crocker, 2005) consequences for self-esteem and positive affect. The current research sought to reconcile these conflicting findings in two studies by considering the role of autonomous (behaviors that are freely chosen) and pressured (behaviors engaged in due to pressure from others or situation) motivation to engage in gendered behavior (communal behavior for women and agentic behavior for men). Consistent with hypotheses, structural equation modeling in Study 1 demonstrated that autonomous motivation for gender consistent behavior was positively associated with explicit self-esteem and private regard for gender identity, while pressured motivation was negatively associated with explicit self-esteem. Study 2 found that investment in gender ideals and external contingencies of self-worth moderated the effects of gender motivation on implicit and explicit self-esteem, private regard for gender identity, and positive affect.
Costs Benefits And Cost Benefit Of Gender Sensitive Intensive Inpatient Treatment For Parenting And Nonparenting Substance Abusers
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Author : Sarah E. Hornack
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Costs Benefits And Cost Benefit Of Gender Sensitive Intensive Inpatient Treatment For Parenting And Nonparenting Substance Abusers written by Sarah E. Hornack and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Substance abuse categories.
Gender-sensitive (GS) substance abuse treatment aims to provide services tailored to women's needs. Some services, such as assessment of parenting skills, focus on women's role as mothers and the familial impact of substance abuse. The current investigation examines the service utilization (healthcare, income assistance, criminal justice involvement) and earned income of 14,497 individuals who received substance abuse treatment at one of 13 mixed-gender, intensive inpatient programs (IIPs) varying in the level of gender-sensitive treatment provided. The cost of gender-sensitive treatment was calculated for each patient and was compared to service utilization and earned income two years preceding and following IIP treatment. It was expected that patients who were female, had children, and were receiving higher levels of gender-sensitive treatment would demonstrate greater reductions in service utilization and greater increases in earned income, offsetting the cost of treatment. Calculated benefits showed that service utilization mostly increased and earned income decreased after treatment, resulting in largely negative values. Analyses showed significant differences in treatment cost, benefits, and net benefits across levels of gender-sensitive treatment, generally demonstrating that the lowest level of gender-sensitive treatment was more costly and produced lower benefit values. Hierarchical regressions revealed significant relationships between key variables and specific benefits and net benefits, but not total net benefit. Although not completely aligned with project expectations, the results suggested that female gender, being a parent, and higher gender sensitivity variably impacted the costs and benefits of substance abuse treatment and remain important factors to consider in this line of research.
Gender And The Value Of Children
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Author : Elizabeth Thomson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Gender And The Value Of Children written by Elizabeth Thomson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Family size categories.
Gender Tool Kit
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Author : Asian Development Bank
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2013-06-01
Gender Tool Kit written by Asian Development Bank and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-01 with Social Science categories.
This tool kit assists staff and consultants of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and partner governments in conceptualizing and designing gender-responsive programs and projects in transport sector operations. It aims to help users identify gender equality issues and to develop practical design elements into transport operations. It guides users on key questions to be asked and data to be collected during project preparation, and provides a menu of entry points for designing gender-inclusive transport projects. The tool kit presents the rationale for why gender equality issues are important in transport sector operations and provides guidance and suggestions for integrating gender in key transport subsectors. Case studies from ADB projects have been included to illustrate good practices in mainstreaming gender concerns in transport sector operations.
The Inclusion Calculation
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Author : Melody E. Valdini
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-08-30
The Inclusion Calculation written by Melody E. Valdini and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-30 with Political Science categories.
What role do men play in women's political representation? When and why do they support more inclusivity for women in office? Given that all political parties today have men in a majority of leadership positions, male gatekeepers play a key part in women's representation. So, how are they responding to the increasing numbers of women who are seeking leadership roles in politics? In The Inclusion Calculation, Melody E. Valdini examines women's inclusion from the perspective of men in power and offers a novel approach to understanding differences in women's descriptive representation. This book argues that men facilitate women's entry into politics when women's presence promises to benefit public perception of a party, and therefore benefit male party leaders. One particularly disturbing implication of this argument is that leaders can increase the number of women in office as a quick and simple substitute for addressing real systemic failures in party organization. Valdini tests her hypotheses by looking at several political contexts around the world: the degree to which parties run more women after a corruption scandal, the number of women who are actually elected at such times, the adoption of gender quotas, and the appointment of women legislators in authoritarian regimes. Her findings suggest that we cannot yet celebrate recent increases in the number of women in office as a sign that we are nearing broad acceptance of gender equality. Further, these findings also suggest that one should question the tendency of scholars and international organizations to use women's presence in office as a measurement of good governance, as well as the tendency to encourage women to simply "lean in" to advance their careers. While it is certainly valuable to encourage women to run for office, it is equally important to understand the motivations of male power-holders. To that end, this book examines how men strategically feminize their political parties or government to retain control, demonstrating that a woman's selection as a candidate often depends on a man's perception of her value.
Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion
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Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-10-09
Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-09 with Business & Economics categories.
While progress has been made in increasing female labor force participation (FLFP) in the last 20 years, large gaps remain. The latest Fund research shows that improving gender diversity can result in larger economic gains than previously thought. Indeed, gender diversity brings benefits all its own. Women bring new skills to the workplace. This may reflect social norms and their impact on upbringing and social interactions, or underlying differences in risk preference and response to incentives for example. As such, there is an economic benefit from diversity, that is from bringing women into the labor force, over and above the benefit resulting from more (male) workers. The study finds that male and female labor are imperfect substitutes in production, and therefore gender differences in the labor force matter. The results also imply that standard models, which ignore such differences, understate the favorable impact of gender inclusion on growth, and misattribute to technology a part of growth that is actually caused by women’s participation. The study further suggests that narrowing gender gaps benefits both men and women, because of a boost to male wages from higher FLFP. The paper also examines the role of women in the process of sectoral reallocation from traditional agriculture to services and the resulting effect on productivity and growth. Because FLFP is relatively high in services, sectoral reallocation along development paths serves to boost gender parity and productivity.
