Genomic Politics
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Genomic Politics
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Author : Jennifer Hochschild
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-08-03
Genomic Politics written by Jennifer Hochschild and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-03 with Political Science categories.
A groundbreaking analysis of how the genomic revolution is transforming American society and creating new social divisions-some along racial lines-that promise to fundamentally shape American politics for years to come. The emergence of genomic science in the last quarter century has revolutionized medicine, the justice system, and our very understanding of who we are. We use genomics to determine guilt and exonerate the convicted; devise new medicines; test embryos; and discover our ethnic and national roots. One might think that, given these advances, most would favor the availability of genomic tools. Yet as Jennifer Hochschild explains in More Science, Less Fear?, the uses of genomic science are both politically charged and hotly contested. The political divisions around genomics do not follow the usual left-right ideological divides that dominate most of American politics. Through four controversial innovations resulting from genomic science--genetically modified medicines that target African-Americans, who are demographically more susceptible to heart disease; the use of DNA evidence in the criminal justice system; the current ancestry craze; and the use of genetic tests in prenatal exams--Hochschild reveals how the phenomenon is polarizing America in novel ways. Advocates of genomic science argue that these applications will make life better, but their opponents respond by pointing out the potential for misuse--from racial profiling to "selecting out" fetuses that gene tests show to have conditions like Down's Syndrome. Hochschild's central message is that the divide hinges on answers to two questions: How significant are genetic factors in explaining human traits and behaviors? And what is the right balance between risk acceptance and risk avoidance for a society grappling with innovations arising from genomic science? A deeply researched and original analysis of the politics surrounding one of the signal issues of our times, this is essential reading for anyone interested in how the genetics revolution is reshaping society.
Genetic Politics
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Author : Anne Kerr
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Genetic Politics written by Anne Kerr and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Medical categories.
"Genetic Politics explores the history of eugenics and the rise of contemporary genomics, identifying continuities and changes between the past and the present. The authors reject the two extreme positions that human genetics are either fatally corrupted by, or utterly immune from, eugenic influence. They argue that today's forms of genetic screening are far from equivalent to the eugenics of the past, but eugenics cannot simply be dismissed as bad science, or the product of totalitarian regimes, for its values and practices continue to shape genetics today."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Politics In The Laboratory
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Author : Ira H. Carmen
language : en
Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Press
Release Date : 2004
Politics In The Laboratory written by Ira H. Carmen and has been published by Univ of Wisconsin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Genomics categories.
Ira Carmen seeks a fusion of experimental biological research and political science research as he explores the important and controversial realm of human genomics. Politics in the Laboratory takes a close look at the ethical, legal, social, constitutional, and political implications of modern biological research. It addresses both biopolicy issues and basic science--including cloning, embryonic stem cell investigations, and experimentation involving the human germline--from the perspective of a political scientist.
The Global Genome
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Author : Eugene Thacker
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2006-09-08
The Global Genome written by Eugene Thacker and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-08 with Science categories.
How global biotechnology is redefining "life itself." In the age of global biotechnology, DNA can exist as biological material in a test tube, as a sequence in a computer database, and as economically valuable information in a patent. In The Global Genome, Eugene Thacker asks us to consider the relationship of these three entities and argues that—by their existence and their interrelationships—they are fundamentally redefining the notion of biological life itself. Biological science and the biotech industry are increasingly organized at a global level, in large part because of the use of the Internet in exchanging biological data. International genome sequencing efforts, genomic databases, the development of World Intellectual Property policies, and the "borderless" business of biotech are all evidence of the global intersections of biology and informatics—of genetic codes and computer codes. Thacker points out the internal tension in the very concept of biotechnology: the products are more "tech" than "bio," but the technology itself is fully biological, composed of the biomaterial labor of genes, proteins, cells, and tissues. Is biotechnology a technology at all, he asks, or is it a notion of "life itself" that is inseparable from its use in the biotech industry? The three sections of the book cover the three primary activities of biotechnology today: the encoding of biological materials into digital form—as in bioinformatics and genomics; its recoding in various ways—including the "biocolonialism" of mapping genetically isolated ethnic populations and the newly pervasive concern over "biological security"; and its decoding back into biological materiality—as in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thacker moves easily from science to philosophy to political economics, enlivening his account with ideas from such thinkers as Georges Bataille, Georges Canguilhem, Michel Foucault, Antonio Negri, and Paul Virilio. The "global genome," says Thacker, makes it impossible to consider biotechnology without the context of globalism.
Identity Politics And The New Genetics
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Author : Katharina Schramm
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2012
Identity Politics And The New Genetics written by Katharina Schramm and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Medical categories.
Racial and ethnic categories have appeared in recent scientific work in novel ways and in relation to a variety of disciplines: medicine, forensics, population genetics and also developments in popular genealogy. Once again, biology is foregrounded in the discussion of human identity. Of particular importance is the preoccupation with origins and personal discovery and the increasing use of racial and ethnic categories in social policy. This new genetic knowledge, expressed in technology and practice, has the potential to disrupt how race and ethnicity are debated, managed and lived. As such, this volume investigates the ways in which existing social categories are both maintained and transformed at the intersection of the natural (sciences) and the cultural (politics). The contributors include medical researchers, anthropologists, historians of science and sociologists of race relations; together, they explore the new and challenging landscape where biology becomes the stuff of identity.
Epigenetics And Public Policy
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Author : Shea K. Robison
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2018-04-19
Epigenetics And Public Policy written by Shea K. Robison and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-19 with Political Science categories.
The exciting field of epigenetics offers novel and unanticipated science-based insights into human origins and development. This book presents one of the first detailed examinations of the political implications of epigenetics. Epigenetics—the study of internal and environmental factors that affect how genes are turned on or off and how cells read those genes—is a rapidly emerging science akin to genetics that introduces a number of novel and unexpected biological explanations of human origins and development. It also poses fundamental challenges to many of the assumptions of the prevailing science of genetics. When science changes, how does public policy respond? This book comprehensively considers the political implications of the emerging science of epigenetics in specific policy domains, addressing the intersections of epigenetics with cancer, obesity, the environment, and the law. Author Shea K. Robison carefully navigates the messy history of genetics and epigenetics in order to explore what changes in public policy might come in the age of a new scientific frontier. Readers will understand how new findings in epigenetic research and increased acceptance of epigenetic science may lead to paradigm shifts in cancer prevention and treatment, significantly different policy solutions for combating obesity, and revised statutes of limitations and laws regarding civil and corporate liability and wrongful life.
Genomics And Environmental Regulation
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Author : Richard R. Sharp
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2008-11-17
Genomics And Environmental Regulation written by Richard R. Sharp and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-17 with Medical categories.
To reduce the deleterious effects of environmental contamination, governments across the world have enacted regulations broadly conceived for entire populations. Information arising out of the Human Genome Project and other cutting-edge genetic research is shifting the policymaking process. This fascinating volume draws on experts from academia, government, industry, and nongovernmental organizations to examine the science of genomic research as applied to environmental policy. The first section explores environmental policy applications, including subpopulation genetic profiling, industrial regulations, and standardizing governmental evaluation of genomic data. The second section assesses from multiple angles the legal framework involved in applying genomics to environmental regulation. In the third section, the contributors review closely the implications of genomic research for occupational health, from disease prevention and genetic susceptibility to toxicants, to workers’ rights and potential employment discrimination. A fourth section explores the bioethical and philosophical complications of bringing genetic data and research into nonclinical regulatory frameworks. Genomics and Environmental Regulation points to ways in which information on toxicology and genetics can be used to craft more precise and efficient regulations.
Exposed Science
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Author : Sara Shostak
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2013-02-15
Exposed Science written by Sara Shostak and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-15 with Health & Fitness categories.
We rely on environmental health scientists to document the presence of chemicals where we live, work, and play and to provide an empirical basis for public policy. In the last decades of the 20th century, environmental health scientists began to shift their focus deep within the human body, and to the molecular level, in order to investigate gene-environment interactions. In Exposed Science, Sara Shostak analyzes the rise of gene-environment interaction in the environmental health sciences and examines its consequences for how we understand and seek to protect population health. Drawing on in-depth interviews and ethnographic observation, Shostak demonstrates that what we know – and what we don’t know – about the vulnerabilities of our bodies to environmental hazards is profoundly shaped by environmental health scientists’ efforts to address the structural vulnerabilities of their field. She then takes up the political effects of this research, both from the perspective of those who seek to establish genomic technologies as a new basis for environmental regulation, and from the perspective of environmental justice activists, who are concerned that that their efforts to redress the social, political, and economical inequalities that put people at risk of environmental exposure will be undermined by molecular explanations of environmental health and illness. Exposed Science thus offers critically important new ways of understanding and engaging with the emergence of gene-environment interaction as a focal concern of environmental health science, policy-making, and activism.
Genetic Politics
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Author : Marc Lappé
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Genetic Politics written by Marc Lappé and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Science categories.
The Global Genome
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Author : Eugene Thacker
language : en
Publisher: Mit Press
Release Date : 2005
The Global Genome written by Eugene Thacker and has been published by Mit Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
How global biotechnology is redefining "life itself."