Geschlossene Stromverteilernetze Im Enwg 2011 Neue Optionen F R Betreiber Bisheriger Objektnetze
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Geschlossene Stromverteilernetze Im Enwg 2011 Neue Optionen F R Betreiber Bisheriger Objektnetze
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Author : Britta Janina Lewendel-Harde
language : de
Publisher: utzverlag GmbH
Release Date : 2019-04-15
Geschlossene Stromverteilernetze Im Enwg 2011 Neue Optionen F R Betreiber Bisheriger Objektnetze written by Britta Janina Lewendel-Harde and has been published by utzverlag GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-15 with Law categories.
Das Energiewirtschaftsgesetz enthielt im Jahr 2005 eine Vorschrift für „Objektnetz“-Betreiber, die der Regulierung weitestgehend entzogen waren und Dritten keinen Netzzugang gewähren mussten. Letzteres war der Grund, weshalb der EuGH die Vorschrift für europarechtswidrig erklärte. Der europäische Gesetzgeber knüpfte hieran an und nahm mit den „Geschlossenen Verteilernetzen“ eine neue Netzkategorie in die Richtlinie 2009/72/EG auf, die deutlich weniger Privilegierungen vorsah. Diese Vorgaben wurden national in § 110 EnWG 2011 umgesetzt. Zugleich wurden die regulierungsfreien Kundenanlagen neu kodifiziert, die nun die attraktivere Option für bisherige Objektnetzbetreiber zu sein scheinen. In der Dissertation wird daher untersucht, ob Objektnetze nun als Netz, teilprivilegiertes geschlossenes Verteilernetz oder als regulierungsfreie Kundenanlage einzustufen sind. Es wird zudem geklärt, ob die Umsetzung europarechtskonform erfolgt ist und wo gesetzgeberischer Nachbesserungsbedarf besteht.
The Mutual Agreement Procedure In International Taxation
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Author : Juliane Gröper
language : en
Publisher: utzverlag GmbH
Release Date : 2020-02-19
The Mutual Agreement Procedure In International Taxation written by Juliane Gröper and has been published by utzverlag GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-19 with Law categories.
The globalization of economic and multinational business structures has exacerbated the problem of substantive overlapping national tax laws in recent decades. Double taxation has a negative impact on international economic transactions because it leads to the suboptimal allocation of capital and affects the cross-border exchange of goods. Therefore, measures are needed to avoid international double taxation. The number of international Mutual Agreement Procedures is rising accordingly. However, the Mutual Agreement Procedure is not always effective and is often evaded by developing countries in particular. According to the author, the deficits of the Mutual Agreement Procedure should be mitigated by procedural and administrative rules. These can be based on experiences gained from other areas of law with cross-border economic activities. Moreover, the use of modern technologies or non-binding dispute resolution mechanisms can enhance the efficiency of the Mutual Agreement Procedure. The procedural and administrative rules should not only make the procedure more attractive for states and especially developing countries but also improve the position of the taxpayer.
Photovoltaics
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Author : Konrad Mertens
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-07-23
Photovoltaics written by Konrad Mertens and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A comprehensive tutorial on photovoltaic technology now fully updated to include solar storage and the latest methods for on-site plant measurements Starting with the basic principles of solar energy, this fully updated, practical text explains the fundamentals of semiconductor physics and the structure and functioning of the solar cell. It describes the latest measurement techniques for solar modules, and the planning and operation of grid-connected and off-grid PV systems. It also looks at other thin film cells, hybrid wafer cells, and concentrator systems. Additionally, this Second Edition covers solar modules and solar generators; system technology of grid connected plants; the storage of solar energy; photovoltaic measurement technology; the planning and operation of grid-connected systems; economic efficiency of PV systems; and the future development of PV. Presents the latest advances in PV R&D and industry deployment Updated illustrations and tabular data reflect current state-of-the-art and PV technology efficiencies Offers expanded tutorial sections to aid teaching and self-study Includes a brand-new chapter on Solar Energy Storage Features two enlarged chapters—one on up-to-date photovoltaic metrology and the other on the future developments in photovoltaics Comes along with the accompanying website www.textbook-pv.org which offers free downloadable figures of the book, solutions of exercises, additional free PV software etc. Developed to prepare engineering students for the PV industry, this practical text is an essential PV primer.