Group Versus Individual Liability
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Group Versus Individual Liability
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Author : Xavier Gine
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Group Versus Individual Liability written by Xavier Gine and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Bank Policy categories.
Group liability is often portrayed as the key innovation that led to the explosion of the microcredit movement, which started with the Grameen Bank in the 1970s and continues on today with hundreds of institutions around the world. Group lending claims to improve repayment rates and lower transaction costs when lending to the poor by providing incentives for peers to screen, monitor, and enforce each other's loans. However, some argue that group liability creates excessive pressure and discourages good clients from borrowing, jeopardizing both growth and sustainability. Therefore, it remains unclear whether group liability improves the lender's overall profitability and the poor's access to financial markets. The authors worked with a bank in the Philippines to conduct a field experiment to examine these issues. They randomly assigned half of the 169 pre-existing group liability 'centers' of approximately twenty women to individual-liability centers (treatment) and kept the other half as-is with group liability (control). We find that the conversion to individual liability does not affect the repayment rate, and leads to higher growth in center size by attracting new clients.
Group Versus Individual Liability
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Author : Dean S. Karlan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Group Versus Individual Liability written by Dean S. Karlan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
This working paper by CGD non-resident fellow Dean Karlan explores whether group liability in lending practices improves lender's overall profitability and the poor's access to financial markets. Group liability is a common microcredit lending mechanism that makes a group, rather than an individual recipient, responsible for repayment. It claims to improve repayment rates by providing incentives for peer's to screen, monitor and enforce each other's loans. But some argue that group liability actually discourages good clients from borrowing by creating tension among group members and causing dropouts, jeopardizing growth and sustainability. Also, bad clients can free ride off of good clients causing default rates to rise. In this paper, Karlan and his co-authors discuss the results of a field experiment at a bank in the Philippines, where they randomly reassigned half of the existing group liability centers as individual liability centers. They find that converting group liability to individual liability, while keeping aspects of group lending like weekly repayments and common meeting place, does not affect the repayment rate, and actually attracts new clients. This paper is one in a series of six CGD working papers by Dean Karlan on various aspects of microfinance (Working Paper Nos. 106-111).
Group Versus Individual Liability
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Author : Xavier Giné
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Group Versus Individual Liability written by Xavier Giné and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Group liability is often portrayed as the key innovation that led to the explosion of the micro-credit movement, which started with the Grameen Bank in the 1970s and continues on today with hundreds of institutions around the world. Group lending claims to improve repayment rates and lower transaction costs when lending to the poor by providing incentives for peers to screen, monitor, and enforce each other's loans. However, some argue that group liability creates excessive pressure and discourages good clients from borrowing, jeopardizing both growth and sustainability. Therefore, it remains unclear whether group liability improves the lender's overall profitability and the poor's access to financial markets. The authors worked with a bank in the Philippines to conduct a field experiment to examine these issues. They randomly assigned half of the 169 pre-existing group liability 'centers' of approximately twenty women to individual-liability centers (treatment) and kept the other half as-is with group liability (control). We find that the conversion to individual liability does not affect the repayment rate, and leads to higher growth in center size by attracting new clients.
Group Versus Individual Liability
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Author : Xavier Gine
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Group Versus Individual Liability written by Xavier Gine and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Microfinance Institutions
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Author : R. Mersland
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-11
Microfinance Institutions written by R. Mersland and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Research on MFI performance is still in its infancy. MFIs are hybrid organizations with dual objectives. Performance studies in microfinance are therefore less straightforward compared to performance studies in traditional banking research. This book contains new MFI performance research by top scholars from across the globe.
Determinants Influencing A Rural Household S Preference To Join Individual Liability Or Joint Liability Micro Credit Contract Operated By Primary Agricultural Credit Society
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Author : Amit Kundu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Determinants Influencing A Rural Household S Preference To Join Individual Liability Or Joint Liability Micro Credit Contract Operated By Primary Agricultural Credit Society written by Amit Kundu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Agriculture credit which is one form of micro credit mainly for the small and marginal farmers can be borrowed under two different types of short-term credit contracts: individual liability credit contract or joint liability credit contract under Primary Agricultural Credit Society (PACS). The basic objective of this paper is to identify the factors which influence a rural household to link himself directly with PACS for credit contract under individual liability micro credit contract or to take the initiative to join self-help group under PACS so that if required he/she can take credit under joint liability credit contract. Results reveal that higher education level and age reduces the probability of a rural people to join self-help group but aged farmers with certain size of land prefers to take credit under individual liability loan contract after taking direct membership of PACS. But ownership of land and its size is not a decision making factor during the time of formation self-help groups under PACS. Actually poor people with zero or small size of assets i.e. mainly the risky type borrowers were not ignored during the time of group formation.
Group Lending Or Individual Lending
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Group Lending Or Individual Lending written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Although microfinance institutions across the world are moving from group lending towards individual lending, this strategic shift is not substantiated by sufficient empirical evidence on the impact of both types of lending on borrowers. We present such evidence from a randomised field experiment in rural Mongolia. We find a positive impact of access to group loans on food consumption and entrepreneurship. Among households that were offered group loans the likelihood of owning an enterprise increases by ten per cent more than in control villages. Enterprise profits increase over time as well, particularly for the less-educated. For individual lending on the other hand, we detect no significant increase in consumption or enterprise ownership. These results are in line with theories that stress the disciplining effect of group lending: joint liability may deter borrowers from using loans for non-investment purposes. Our results on informal transfers are consistent with this hypothesis. Borrowers in group-lending villages are less likely to make informal transfers to families and friends while borrowers in individual-lending villages are more likely to do so. We find no significant difference in repayment rates between the two lending programs, neither of which entailed weekly repayment meetings. -- Microcredit ; group lending ; poverty ; access to finance ; randomised field experiment
International Convergence Of Capital Measurement And Capital Standards
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2004
International Convergence Of Capital Measurement And Capital Standards written by and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Bank capital categories.
Group Lending Or Individual Lending Evidence From A Randomized Field Experiment In Rural Mongolia
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Author : Orazio P. Attanasio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Group Lending Or Individual Lending Evidence From A Randomized Field Experiment In Rural Mongolia written by Orazio P. Attanasio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Liability Of Corporate Groups And Networks
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Author : Christian A. Witting
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-01-11
Liability Of Corporate Groups And Networks written by Christian A. Witting and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Discusses the nature of corporate groups and networks, and provides arguments for rules extending liability beyond insolvent entities.