Health And Human Capital Investments
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Health And Human Capital Investments
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Author : Nina Schwarz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Health And Human Capital Investments written by Nina Schwarz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Investment In Women S Human Capital
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Author : T. Paul Schultz
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1995-06-15
Investment In Women S Human Capital written by T. Paul Schultz and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-06-15 with Business & Economics categories.
How are human capital investments allocated between women and men? What are the returns to investments in women's nutrition, health care, education, mobility, and training? In thirteen wide-ranging and innovative empirical analyses, Investment in Women's Human Capital explores the nature of human capital distributions to women and their effect on outcomes within the family. Section I considers the experiences of high-income countries, examining the limitations of industrialization for the advancement of women; returns to secondary education for women; and state control of women's education and labor market productivity through the design of tax systems and the public subsidy of children. The remaining four sections investigate health, education, household structure and labor markets, and measurement issues in low-income countries, including the effect of technological change on transfers of wealth to and from children in India; women's and men's responses to the costs of medical care in Kenya; the effects of birth order and sex on educational attainment in Taiwan; wage returns to schooling in Indonesia and in Cote d'Ivoire; and the increasing prevalence of female-headed households and the correlates of gender differences in wages in Brazil.
Investing In Human Capital For Economic Development In China
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Author : Gordon G. Liu
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2010
Investing In Human Capital For Economic Development In China written by Gordon G. Liu and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Political Science categories.
This book is a reflection of the current research that explores the mechanism, dynamics and evidence of the impact of human capital on economic development and social well-being in modern China. Composed of keynote speeches and selected papers from The 2005 International Conference of the Chinese Economists Society (www.china-ces.org), it tracks the latest understanding and empirical evidence of the relationships amongst health, education and economic development in China. The book presents a broad spectrum of study topics covering human capital and economic growth; demand, attainment and disparity in both education and health; and investing in human capital and the economic and social returns in China. Distinguished contributors include Robert Fogel, Michael Grossman, Daniel Hamermesh, Gregory Chow and Dean Jamison.
Human Capital And Health Behavior
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Author : Kristian Bolin
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2017-05-26
Human Capital And Health Behavior written by Kristian Bolin and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-26 with Medical categories.
This Volume focuses on human capital and health behavior. Content is based on an International symposium on Human Capital and Health Behavior, held by The Centre for Health Economics at the University of Gothenburg. Content will cover both theoretical and empirical aspects of the topic.
Empirical Essays On Human Capital Investments In Health And Education
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Author : Anastasia Driva
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Empirical Essays On Human Capital Investments In Health And Education written by Anastasia Driva and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Health Capital And Finance
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Author : Sara Bryant Holland
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Health Capital And Finance written by Sara Bryant Holland and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
In corporate finance, we study the investment decisions of firms. Most of the time we focus on investments in physical capital, but firms also invest in human capital. A major component of human capital is health capital, and firms already spend a large amount of money on the health of their employees. In 2005, for example, employers in the United States spent more than $500 billion on group health insurance, which firms use to invest in their workers' health capital. Corporate finance has not yet analyzed health expenditures as an investment. This research on health and human capital complements the corporate finance literature on investment in physical capital. Additionally, the results have important welfare implications, which may aid policymakers. In the first chapter, I show how a firm's health capital investment depends on each employee's human capital, labor productivity, and firm size. Firms mitigate depreciation in a worker's human capital by investing in health to increase the productivity of human and physical capital. Results indicate that firms that have higher labor productivity, are larger, and spend more on research and development invest more in health capital. I estimate the subsequent effect of health capital investment on value using firm-level data on health insurance premiums. To identify the effect, I instrument for health insurance premiums with a time series of state health insurance mandates, state birth rates, and the number of persons covered by health insurance contracts. The marginal effect of health capital investment on firm value is zero, suggesting that firms are in equilibrium with respect to health capital investment. Market to book reflects the value of this investment because health capital is an intangible asset that the book value of assets does not capture. These results have implications for policymakers who target the employer-based system of health insurance provision as both a means of extending coverage and managing utilization. In the second chapter, I present a model of the health capital investment decision of a firm using a moral hazard framework. Health capital investment increases the probability that a worker is present and productive. The firm cannot verify a worker's health capital investment decision. When a firm invests in health capital, the investment is verifiable because the firm contracts with the insurer. I derive the optimal contract for when the worker and for when the firm invests in health capital. When the firm invests in health capital, the level of investment is higher, wages are less volatile, and wages are higher relative to when the worker invests in health capital. I discuss the welfare implications. In my model, firms invest more than workers because of a production externality and because it is less costly to invest in health capital than to compensate the worker for bearing the risk of an uncertain labor realization. This result improves welfare, contrary to the benchmark that workers consume more health care than is efficient ex post when firms provide health insurance. Unlike the benchmark model of a worker and insurer, my model includes a profit maximizing firm, includes an endogenous probability of getting sick, and allows the insurer to set premiums by anticipating the health care investment level of the insured. In the third chapter, I discuss how firms hedge risky human capital with health benefit plans. Firms can choose to fully hedge by contracting with an insurance company, remain unhedged by funding benefits out of general assets, or partially hedge by using a combination of insurance and the general assets of the firm. I adapt the model of Froot, Scharfstein, and Stein (1993) to explore the firm's hedging decision. Consistent with the predictions of the model, firms that find external finance costly and that face a convex tax schedule are more likely to hedge. Additionally, the effect of cash flow on investment is lower for firms that partially hedge human capital risk.
Heterogenous Human Capital
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Author : Suren Basov
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Heterogenous Human Capital written by Suren Basov and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Human capital categories.
Limited Life Expectancy Human Capital And Health Investments Evidence From Huntington Disease
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Limited Life Expectancy Human Capital And Health Investments Evidence From Huntington Disease written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Human Capital And Economic Growth
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Author : Alberto Bucci
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-26
Human Capital And Economic Growth written by Alberto Bucci and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This edited collection explores the links between human capital (both in the form of health and in the form of education), demographic change, and economic growth. Using empirical as well as theoretical perspectives, the authors investigate several important issues in the context of human capital, namely population ageing, inequality, public policy, and long-term economic development. Ultimately, they demonstrate that the accumulation of human capital is of crucial importance to long-run economic growth.
The Human Capital Index 2020 Update
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2021-05-05
The Human Capital Index 2020 Update written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-05 with Political Science categories.
Human capital—the knowledge, skills, and health that people accumulate over their lives—is a central driver of sustainable growth, poverty reduction, and successful societies. More human capital is associated with higher earnings for people, higher income for countries, and stronger cohesion in societies. Much of the hard-won human capital gains in many economies over the past decade is at risk of being eroded by the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. Urgent action is needed to protect these advances, particularly among the poor and vulnerable. Designing the needed interventions, targeting them to achieve the highest effectiveness, and navigating difficult trade-offs make investing in better measurement of human capital now more important than ever. The Human Capital Index (HCI)—launched in 2018 as part of the Human Capital Project—is an international metric that benchmarks the key components of human capital across economies. The HCI is a global effort to accelerate progress toward a world where all children can achieve their full potential. Measuring the human capital that children born today can expect to attain by their 18th birthdays, the HCI highlights how current health and education outcomes shape the productivity of the next generation of workers and underscores the importance of government and societal investments in human capital. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19 presents the first update of the HCI, using health and education data available as of March 2020. It documents new evidence on trends, examples of successes, and analytical work on the utilization of human capital. The new data—collected before the global onset of COVID-19—can act as a baseline to track its effects on health and education outcomes. The report highlights how better measurement is essential for policy makers to design effective interventions and target support. In the immediate term, investments in better measurement and data use will guide pandemic containment strategies and support for those who are most affected. In the medium term, better curation and use of administrative, survey, and identification data can guide policy choices in an environment of limited fiscal space and competing priorities. In the longer term, the hope is that economies will be able to do more than simply recover lost ground. Ambitious, evidence-driven policy measures in health, education, and social protection can pave the way for today’s children to surpass the human capital achievements and quality of life of the generations that preceded them.