Health Selection And Immigrant Integration
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Health Selection And Immigrant Integration
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Author : Adrian Matias Bacong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Health Selection And Immigrant Integration written by Adrian Matias Bacong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Studies on the relationship of immigration on health often find that immigrants are healthier compared to their United States (U.S.)-born counterparts despite having lower socioeconomic attainment, a finding known as the "immigrant health paradox". However, this health advantage declines over time. Two popular theories have been proposed as explanations for this advantage: migrant selectivity and acculturation. Migrant selectivity suggests that those who immigrate to the U.S. are not representative of their host country. Instead, immigrants may be positively selected upon social, socioeconomic, and health factors that allow for them to thrive upon arrival to the U.S. and give them the observed health advantage compared to U.S.-born residents. Acculturation theory suggests that immigrants' health declines because of exposure and adoption of U.S. culture and values. Although these theories continue to remain popular, there remain two serious methodological issues to consider. First, in order to claim that migrant selectivity occurs, it would be necessary to compare immigrants to those who did not immigrate - non-migrants from the sending country. Thus, non-migrants serve as a more ideal counterfactual to evaluate the effects of migration on health. However, there remains a dearth of studies making this comparison because of the difficulty in simultaneously recruiting recent immigrants to the U.S. and their corresponding sending country counterparts. Second, there are also few longitudinal studies examining the effects of acculturation on health. Most studies are cross-sectional and rely on proxy measures of acculturation (e.g., English proficiency and years in the U.S.). Although these measures are useful, it is difficulty to disentangle whether changes in health are indeed related to acculturation or if they are due to secular effects. This dissertation uses the baseline, 1-year, and 2-year waves of the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES, n = 1,637) to 1) examine if migrant selection for health, social and socioeconomic factors occurs prior to migration; 2) track how migrant health, social, and socioeconomic profiles change up to two years after migration; and 3) evaluate the extent that changes in social and socioeconomic factors explain changes in health for migrants post-migration. Overall, I found that migrants had lower levels of psychological distress and sleep disturbance compared to non-migrants both before migration, even after accounting for demographic, social, and socioeconomic factors. However, there was little evidence to suggest that migrants had lower allostatic load compared to non-migrants before departure. Furthermore, I found that psychological distress and sleep disturbance declined for both migrants and non-migrants through 2-year follow-up. However, migrants maintained a health advantage relative to non-migrants over time. Moreover, I found that migrants also had lower financial strain, fewer experiences of interpersonal discrimination, and higher social resources compared to non-migrants both before and after migration. Finally, I found that changes in financial strain, interpersonal discrimination, and social resources over time somewhat explained changes in psychological distress and sleep disturbance over time. Changes in these social factors over time did not differ between migrants and non-migrants. This dissertation builds upon the limited work examining immigrant health before migration as well as examining immigrant health longitudinally. This dissertation also provides a new theoretical examination of immigrant integration by examining how migrants change relative to their non-migrant counterparts. These results also reiterate the importance of migrant selection as a factor contributing to health, social, and socioeconomic advantages for migrants both before and after migration. Finally, although these social and economic factors partially contribute to changes in health over time, the finding that migrants do not differ from non-migrants over time emphasizes that changes in migrant health over time may be the result of secular effects, rather than acculturation
Immigration As A Social Determinant Of Health
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-01-28
Immigration As A Social Determinant Of Health written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-28 with Medical categories.
Since 1965 the foreign-born population of the United States has swelled from 9.6 million or 5 percent of the population to 45 million or 14 percent in 2015. Today, about one-quarter of the U.S. population consists of immigrants or the children of immigrants. Given the sizable representation of immigrants in the U.S. population, their health is a major influence on the health of the population as a whole. On average, immigrants are healthier than native-born Americans. Yet, immigrants also are subject to the systematic marginalization and discrimination that often lead to the creation of health disparities. To explore the link between immigration and health disparities, the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity held a workshop in Oakland, California, on November 28, 2017. This summary of that workshop highlights the presentations and discussions of the workshop.
Health Safety And Well Being Of Migrant Workers New Hazards New Workers
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Author : Francisco Díaz Bretones
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-24
Health Safety And Well Being Of Migrant Workers New Hazards New Workers written by Francisco Díaz Bretones and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-24 with Psychology categories.
This volume explores psychosocial problems amongst one of the most vulnerable social groups in our societies, immigrant workers, through a multidisciplinary approach. Migration has sometimes been oversimplified as a flow of workers from “poorer”, developing nations to “wealthier”, industrialised nations. The issue, however, is more complex and currently migration is a global phenomenon in which all countries are recipients of workers from third countries and send workers to third countries. The working conditions of immigrant workers at various levels are not always well known, though some studies have established that the negative impact on migrant workers is cumulative, and primarily stems from adverse living and working conditions in a new country and increased levels of vulnerability. The contributions to this volume cover discussions on migrant workers in the industrial, agricultural and service sectors across the world. They critically study the impact of work Hazards on the health and wellbeing of migrant workers in order to shed light on the social and health implications of migrant work, explore the relation between organizational, psychosocial and work factors, and analyse the migration process from a wider perspective and as a global phenomenon present in every country. The contributors provide multidisciplinary and multicultural contemporary perspectives, thereby providing readers with wide-ranging insights. This volume is of interest to researchers and students from the social and behavioural sciences, particularly those focusing on health studies and migration studies.
Immigrant Health
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Author : Joachim O. F. Reimann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2024-04-09
Immigrant Health written by Joachim O. F. Reimann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-09 with Health & Fitness categories.
Health and wellness are essential to immigrants' success. This final book in the Strides Toward Prosperity Series focuses on public health topics especially relevant to immigrants. It discusses health challenges some face in their countries of origin and/or on their journeys, risks they face at their destinations, connections between physical and mental illness, and how immigrants can make effective choices when seeking care. In addition, the book provides recommendations around culturally attuned healthcare practices and systems in a progressively connected world.
Settling In 2018 Indicators Of Immigrant Integration
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-12-09
Settling In 2018 Indicators Of Immigrant Integration written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-09 with categories.
This joint publication by the OECD and the European Commission presents a comprehensive international comparison across all EU, OECD and G20 countries of the integration outcomes for immigrants and their children, through 25 indicators organised around three areas: labour market and skills ...
Why Is The Healthy Immigrant Effect Different Between European Countries
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Author : Yasser Moullan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Why Is The Healthy Immigrant Effect Different Between European Countries written by Yasser Moullan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Background: Even if health status of immigrants constitutes an important public health issue, the literature provides contradictory results on the existence of a 'healthy migrant' effect in Europe. This study proposes to explore the heterogeneity of the health gap between migrants and natives across four European countries. Data and Methods: Based on several harmonized national health interview surveys, the association between migratory status and self-assessed health was firstly explored separately in Belgium, France, Spain and Italy. To explore whether differences in health gap between countries reflect differences in health status of immigrants between host countries or whether they are because of differences in health status of natives between host countries, the association between the host country and health was secondly analysed separately among a pooled sample of immigrants and one of natives, controlling for socio-economic status and country of origin. Results: After controlling for socio-economic status, immigrants report a poorer health status than natives in France, Belgium and Spain, whereas they report a better health status than natives in Italy, among both women and men. A North-South gradient in immigrants' health status appears: their health status is better in Italy and in Spain than in France and Belgium. Conversely, health status of natives is poorer in Italy and in Belgium than in France and in Spain. Conclusion: Differences in health gap reflect differences in health status of both natives and immigrants between host countries. This suggests differences in health selection at migration and in immigrants' integration between European countries.
Immigrant Selection Systems And Immigrant Health
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Author : Barry R. Chiswick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Immigrant Selection Systems And Immigrant Health written by Barry R. Chiswick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
This paper is an analysis of the determinants of self-reported health status of immigrants, with a particular focus on the type of visa used to gain admission. The empirical analysis uses the three waves of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia (panel I). Immigrant health is greater for immigrants who are younger, more educated, male, more proficient in English, and living outside an immigrant ethnic enclave. Immigrant health is poorest for refugees and best for independent (economic) migrants, and declines with duration in the destination. Alternative hypotheses for the decline in immigrant health with duration are explored.
Immigrant Selection Systems And Immigrants Health
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Author : Barry R. Chiswick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Immigrant Selection Systems And Immigrants Health written by Barry R. Chiswick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Migration And Mental Health
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Author : Dinesh Bhugra
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-12-02
Migration And Mental Health written by Dinesh Bhugra and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-02 with Medical categories.
Human migration is a global phenomenon and is on the increase. It occurs as a result of 'push' factors (asylum, natural disaster), or as a result of 'pull' factors (seeking economic or educational improvement). Whatever the cause of the relocation, the outcome requires individuals to adjust to their new surroundings and cope with the stresses involved, and as a result, there is considerable potential for disruption to mental health. This volume explores all aspects of migration, on all scales, and its effect on mental health. It covers migration in the widest sense and does not limit itself to refugee studies. It covers issues specific to the elderly and the young, as well as providing practical tips for clinicians on how to improve their own cultural competence in the work setting. The book will be of interest to all mental health professionals and those involved in establishing health and social policy.
Handbook On How To Implement A One Stop Shop For Immigrant Integration
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Author : Catarina Reis Oliveira
language : en
Publisher: Observatório da Imigração, ACIDI, I.P.
Release Date : 2009-02-01
Handbook On How To Implement A One Stop Shop For Immigrant Integration written by Catarina Reis Oliveira and has been published by Observatório da Imigração, ACIDI, I.P. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-01 with categories.
The Handbook on how to implement a One-Stop-Shop is one of the main outcomes of the project “One-Stop-Shop: a new answer for immigrant integration” (JLS/2006/INTI/148)1 , funded by the European Commission INTI Fund (Directorate-General Justice, Freedom and Security) and promoted and coordinated by the High Commission for Immigration and Intercultural Dialogue (ACIDI, I.P. - the Portuguese state service for the integration of immigrants). The main aim of this project was to create a network of partners to discuss and assess a “One-Stop-Shop” approach, recommended in the Commission’s Common Agenda for Integration (COM 2005 389) to strengthen the implementation of the sixth Common Basic Principle on Integration - “Access for immigrants to institutions, as well as to public and private goods and services, on a basis equal to national citizens and in a non-discriminatory way is an essential foundation”. The Portuguese experience, within this innovative One-Stop-Shop strategy, was also considered as an example in order to contextualise this project. In 2004, Portugal, through ACIDI, I.P., developed two One-Stop-Shops with the official name National Immigrant Support Centres. These two centres, created exclusively for immigrants, bring together under the same roof a number of services related to immigration. Following the philosophy of working with partners to develop good integration policies and outcomes, in a context of shared responsibility – as also defined as a priority in the seventh and ninth Common Basic Principles on Integration -, the centres involve the departments of five Ministries and offer specialised offices that provide specific support. The first edition of the Handbook on Integration for policy-makers and practitioners - a guide to provide valuable and practical guidance for implementing the Common Basic Principles on Integration and facilitating the exchange of experience, information and policy initiatives – identified the Portuguese One-Stop-Shops as an example of Best Practice in working with partners to achieve immigrant integration outcomes. In Portugal the One-Stop-Shop approach also proved to be innovative in terms of providing a joined-up response for the service-user, since it is based on a general shared data management system used in attending to the public, facilitating the digitalisation of data and documents and communication between the different offices, and on the involvement of cultural mediators from the different immigrant communities in public administration service provision. Having been in operation for two years, in 2006 the Portuguese High Commission for Immigration requested the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to undertake an independent evaluation of the outcomes of these support centres. Among the most relevant conclusions of the IOM report was the recommendation of the development of an international network to discuss and assess the One-Stop-Shop as a model for immigrant integration and to examine the feasibility of its implementation in other EU Member States. ACIDI, I.P. convened seven other partners to implement the project “One-Stop-Shop: a new answer for immigrant integration”: the Hellenic Migration Policy Institute (Greece), the General-Directorate of Immigration (Italy), the General-Directorate of Immigrant Integration (Spain), the Immigrant Council of Ireland (Ireland), Network Migration in Europe, e.V. (Germany), the International Organization for Migration – Mission in Portugal and the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies at the University of Amsterdam (the Netherlands). Hence the assessment of the One-Stop-Shop approach was guaranteed through a diversity of project partners, including: (1) countries with a recent immigration experience and countries that are already experiencing second and third generations of immigrants; and (2) partners representing national state integration services (Portugal, Spain and Italy), partners from Non-Governmental Organisations (Ireland and Germany), a partner operating under private law with Ministerial supervision (Greece), a research centre that coordinates a Network of Excellence on the field of International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion – IMISCOE (the Netherlands), and an international organisation (International Organization for Migration). This European project, implemented from September 2007 to February 2009 with European Commission funding, also involved a variety of actors with expertise in immigrant integration, including policymakers, Government actors (at the local, regional and national levels), service providers, researchers, immigrant associations and other relevant stakeholders. These diverse integration stakeholders monitored all the project activities as part of the Steering Committee3 of the project and/or as members of one of the six national Advisory Committees4 created in the participant countries. During the implementation of the project these key actors were involved in many activities: contributing to the discussion of the country reports5 and of the working documents of the project; providing information on the main integration difficulties that immigrants face in their societies in terms of service provision or relevant support services that already exist; and participating in the transnational workshops hosted by the project partners. The information, initial ideas, inspiring examples and preliminary recommendations gathered through the different activities of the project - with the support of all of these key actors - were crucial for building the chapters of this Handbook. Some of these form part of the Handbook, inserted in boxes throughout the text, while more detailed information and links are available on the project website - www.oss.inti.acidi.gov.pt. This Handbook reflects the work of a network of partners who, after analysing their country reports on immigrant integration7 , were able to discuss and assess a “One-Stop-Shop” service. The sharing of experiences and expertise between all the participants involved in the project (including those who participated in the Steering Committee and in the national Advisory Committees) enhanced the final outcomes of the initiative, including the project website and this Handbook. This Handbook is also based on the outcomes of three Transnational Workshops8 undertaken during the course of this INTI project. Each workshop dealt with a specific theme related to the Project: (1) the first Transnational Workshop was held in Dublin on 26 February 2008 and the theme of the Workshop was ‘The Role of Socio-Cultural Mediators in the One-Stop-Shop’; (2) the second Transnational Workshop was held in Athens on 6 June 2008 and the theme of the Workshop was ‘Integrated Service Provision to Immigrants: examples of One-Stop-Shops in Europe’; and (3) the third Transnational Workshop was held in Berlin on 8 July 2008 and the theme of the Workshop was: ‘Partnerships between NGOs and Government actors in providing services to migrants’. These Workshops were convened by three of the project partners and were attended by representatives of the partner organisations together with members of each of the national Advisory Committees and other Governmental and non-Governmental policymakers and integration stakeholders. As this Project aims to develop an approach that is replicable in different European Union Member States and this Handbook intends to provide valuable and practical guidance for implementing the One-Stop-Shop service, it was considered to be fundamental to have an external evaluation of the final outcomes of the project. Accordingly, and keeping in mind the eleventh Common Basic Principle on Integration – “developing clear goals, indicators and evaluation mechanisms” - the project evaluation was undertaken by Prof. Rinus Penninx, the coordinator of the IMISCOE Network of Excellence. A detailed evaluation of the feasibility of One-Stop-Shop implementation in Member States in view of the project deliverables (e.g. Handbook on How to Implement a One-Stop-Shop, Country Reports, Minutes of Advisory Committees’ meetings and Workshop results) was developed and updated onto the project website. In sum, the exchange of experiences and knowhow between the partners and members of national Advisory Committees involved in the project provided added value to the initiative, and facilitated the coherent, effective and replicable integration strategy for European Union Member States that we present in this book. Rather than a prescriptive document, this Handbook should be seen as a source of inspiration for various actors in the European Union in implementing integration policies in the field of service provision. Furthermore, taking into consideration that in some countries the recent debate on immigration started as a reaction to a perceived failure of integration policies, it seems that the approach developed in this project can re-orientate this debate. The identification, definition and evaluation of a new service for immigrant integration, based on the experiences of different Member States and different integration stakeholders, and where immigrants have a fundamental role, is in line with the European Union’s top priorities. It is our belief that the One-Stop-Shop service can respond in an innovative and feasible way to various concerns and challenges related to immigrant integration in Member States.
