Heat Acclimation For Special Populations
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Heat Acclimation For Special Populations
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Author : Caroline Sunderland
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-09-17
Heat Acclimation For Special Populations written by Caroline Sunderland and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-17 with Medical categories.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Heat Stress In Sport And Exercise
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Author : Julien D. Périard
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-06
Heat Stress In Sport And Exercise written by Julien D. Périard and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-06 with Medical categories.
The book is designed to provide a flowing description of the physiology of heat stress, the illnesses associated with heat exposure, recommendations on optimising health and performance, and an examination of Olympic sports played in potentially hot environmental conditions. In the first section the book examines how heat stress effects performance by outlining the basics of thermoregulation and how these responses impact on cardiovascular, central nervous system, and skeletal muscle function. It also outlines the pathophysiology and treatment of exertional heat illness, as well as the role of hydration status during exercise in the heat. Thereafter, countermeasures (e.g. cooling and heat acclimation) are covered and an explanation as to how they may aid in decreasing the incidence of heat illness and minimise the impairment in performance is provided. A novel and particular feature of the book is its inclusion of sport-specific chapters in which the influence of heat stress on performance and health is described, as well as strategies and policies adopted by the governing bodies in trying to offset the deleterious role of thermal strain. Given the breadth and scope of the sections, the book will be a reference guide for clinicians, practitioners, coaches, athletes, researchers, and students.
Effectiveness Of An Intermittent Heat Exposure Protocol To Maintain Heat Acclimation
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Author : J. Luke Pryor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Effectiveness Of An Intermittent Heat Exposure Protocol To Maintain Heat Acclimation written by J. Luke Pryor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Human Thermal Environments
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Author : Ken Parsons
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-04-09
Human Thermal Environments written by Ken Parsons and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-09 with Science categories.
In the ten years since the publication of the second edition of Human Thermal Environments: The Effects of Hot, Moderate, and Cold Environments on Human Health, Comfort, and Performance, Third Edition, the world has embraced electronic communications, making international collaboration almost instantaneous and global. However, there is still a need for a compilation of up-to-date information and best practices. Reflecting current changes in theory and applications, this third edition of a bestseller continues to be the standard text for the design of environments for humans to live and work safely, comfortably, and effectively, and for the design of materials that help people cope with their environments. See What’s New in the Third Edition: All existing chapters significantly updated Five new chapters Testing and development of clothing Adaptive models Thermal comfort for special populations Thermal comfort for special environments Extreme environments Weather Outdoor environments and climate change Fun runs, cold snaps, and heat waves The book covers hot, moderate, and cold environments, and defines them in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiant temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person’s activity. It focuses on the principles and practice of human response, which incorporates psychology, physiology, and environmental physics with applied ergonomics. The text then discusses water requirements, computer modeling, computer-aided design, and current standards. A systematic treatment of thermal environments and how they affect humans in real-world applications, the book links the health and engineering aspects of the built environment. It provides you with updated tools, techniques, and methods for the design of products and environments that achieve thermal comfort.
Sport And Physical Activity In The Heat
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Author : Douglas J. Casa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-19
Sport And Physical Activity In The Heat written by Douglas J. Casa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-19 with Medical categories.
This unique book is the first of its kind to specifically explore the science, medicine, challenges and successful experiences of assisting those who must perform and thrive in hot conditions, with an eye toward maximizing both performance and safety. Beginning with both human and comparative physiology as it relates to coping with the heat, key concepts are subsequently elaborated, including heat acclimatization, work-to-rest ratios, hydration, sleep, the effects of altitude, and the use of drugs and supplements. The sections that follow discuss heat-related considerations in individual and team sports and other populations, monitoring techniques, and medical and legal issues. Athletes, warfighters and laborers are often forced to perform intense physical activity in the heat as a part of their jobs or lifestyle. The process of properly preparing for this challenge is multifaceted and often not fully understood or utilized. Sport and Physical Activity in the Heat is an excellent resource for team physicians, high-level coaches, serious athletes, athletic trainers, exercise scientists, strength and conditioning coaches, industrial hygienists, military commanders, or anyone involved in the process of maximizing performance and safety during exercise in the heat for the athlete, warfighter, or laborer.
Thermoregulation Part I
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-11-16
Thermoregulation Part I written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-16 with Medical categories.
Thermoregulation, Part I: From Basic Neuroscience to Clinical Neurology, Volume 154, not only reviews how body temperature regulation changes in neurological diseases, but also how this aspect affects the course and outcomes of each disease. Other sections of the volume review three therapeutic approaches that are aimed at manipulating body temperature, including induced hypothermia, induced hyperthermia and antipyretic therapy. The book is comprised of nine sections across two volumes, five dealing with the basic aspects of body temperature regulation and four dealing with the clinical aspects. Basic sections cover the Thermoregulation system, Thermoreceptors, Thermoeffectors, Neural pathways, and Thermoregulation as a homeostatic function. In addition, the book covers the physiology and neuroanatomy of the thermoregulation system and provides descriptions of how the regulation of body temperature intervenes with other physiological functions (such as sleep, osmoregulation, and immunity), stress, exercise and aging. Basic sections serve as an introduction to the four clinical sections: Body Temperature, Clinical Significance, Abnormal Body Temperature, Thermoregulation in Neurological Disease and Therapeutic Interventions. Presents a clear, logical pathway from the fundamental physiology of thermoregulation, through neurobiology, to clinical applications and disease Enables researchers and clinicians to better understand the value of temperature measurement in disease and the use of temperature as a therapy Integrates content from a broad field of research, including topics on the molecular physiology of temperature receptors, to the management of accidental hypothermia
Cellular And Organismal Strategies For Heat Acclimation In A Thermally Variable Environment
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Author : Nicole Elizabeth Moyen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Cellular And Organismal Strategies For Heat Acclimation In A Thermally Variable Environment written by Nicole Elizabeth Moyen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Using mussels as an experimental system, I have challenged previous beliefs concerning how quickly animals gain and lose heat tolerance, and how this heat-adaptive strategy fits into the larger ecological context of animals' responses to climate change. I explore how the California mussel, Mytilus californianus, heat acclimates--physiologically adjusts to hotter temperatures--to a thermally variable environment. In the eight chapters that comprise my dissertation, I explore how mussels gain and lose heat acclimation (i.e., heat acclimation kinetics) to better understand how these heat-tolerant animals adjust to, and survive, in the intertidal zone--an environment where extreme and intermittent heat events frequently occur. Until now, it was unknown how quickly mussels could heat acclimate and then maintain this heat-acclimated state in the absence of further heat stress. Moreover, it was unclear whether the heat-acclimation temperature affected the rates of gain and loss of heat acclimation. To a large extent, it was also unknown what physiological mechanisms play a role in both the gain and loss of heat acclimation. Here, I address these important and closely interrelated questions by exploring how quickly mussels gain and lose heat acclimation, the various environmental components that shape this heat-adaptive strategy, and the cellular and organismal responses responsible for the heat-acclimation phenotype. In my first studies, which focused on whole-organism thermal responses, I show that the rate at which mussels are heated affects their thermal performance. I demonstrate that heating rate is a key component of heat acclimation that was previously not considered and therefore should be a part of predictive models that estimate animal survival with heat stress. On the converse side, I show that the absence of heat stress leads to a very slow decline in thermal performance, but only in mussels that experienced large temperature variability in the field. I thus reveal that heating rate is an important component of heat acclimation for animals living higher on the shore that experience large daily fluctuations in body temperature and fast heating rates. Next, I explore the kinetics of the heat acclimation response: the gain and loss of heat acclimation after a single heat-stress bout. I demonstrate that mussels can quickly heat acclimate (within 24-48 h) after a single heat-stress bout, and then maintain this improved heat tolerance for 2-3 weeks in the absence of additional heat stress. Importantly, the kinetics of the heat acclimation response are dependent on the heat-acclimation temperature, such that exposure to a hotter temperature leads to slower gain and loss of the heat-acclimation phenotype. I show that this adaptive strategy in the lab mirrors what animals experience in the field, where the majority of heat events are separated by 1-2 days, but up to one-third of heat events are still separated by up to 22 days. Thus, it is likely that mussels have evolved the heat-adaptive strategy in which they rapidly gain, and slowly lose, the heat-acclimation phenotype as a result of the frequency of extreme- and intermittent-heat events typical of their habitat. Next, I explored responses at the organ level, using performance of the heart--an extremely temperature-sensitive organ--to examine additional details of heat stress and acclimation. I examined how heart rate changes with heat acclimation in single individuals across time. Importantly, I show that not all mussels respond to heat acclimation: some animals are more adaptable (i.e., physiologically plastic) to heat than others. I show that those that exhibit the heat-acclimation phenotype are able to remain at near-maximal heart rates for a longer period of time during heat stress compared to those that do not respond to heat acclimation. Those that respond to heat acclimation can also tolerate more time at temperatures above the heart's critical temperature (where heart rate starts to decline after reaching a maximum). As heart rate responses are closely linked to aerobic metabolism, these data suggest that aerobic and anaerobic pathways may be enhanced with heat acclimation (as seen in other marine ectotherms). I next investigated the potential cellular mechanisms behind this heat-adaptive phenotype by evaluating levels of specific proteins in single individuals as they gain and lose heat acclimation. I look at two proteins that are heavily involved in the heat-stress and heat-acclimation responses: heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated kinase (Pp38-MAPK). I show that heat-acclimated mussels' HSP70 levels are elevated (compared to unacclimated mussels) after an extreme heat-stress bout in which all unacclimated mussels died, but heat-acclimated mussels survived. However, levels of Pp38-MAPK are similar between groups. As Pp38-MAPK aides in the upregulation of HSP70 through various downstream effectors, it may be that heat acclimation modifies some of these downstream effectors that are activated by Pp38-MAPK, therefore allowing for continued upregulation of HSP70 at hotter temperatures, and thereby protecting the cell from damage. Finally, another important component of my thesis is a methodological contribution to many common practices in the field of mussel ecophysiology. Through several different studies outlined in my thesis, I demonstrate that cardiac thermal performance tests--a commonly used test to assess thermal tolerance in mussels--may fail to provide insights into how thermal tolerance and performance are affected by heat acclimation. Moreover, I show that the indices used in this test are highly dependent on the experimental protocol utilized and are not linked to animal survival. Secondly, I establish the ability for researchers to repeatedly sample hemolymph (blood) of single individuals across time (using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, FACS) without causing mussel mortality. As there is large inter-individual variability in mussels' responses to heat acclimation, this technique allows scientists to track aspects of individuals' physiology across time. I demonstrate the importance of this methodology here in my protein work, and hope that in the near-future, these new methods will help pinpoint the mechanisms behind the heat-adaptive phenotype, and therefore provide a basis for predictions concerning identification of animals that are most likely to survive extremely hot temperatures with climate change.
Thermoregulation Part Ii
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-11-17
Thermoregulation Part Ii written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-17 with Medical categories.
Thermoregulation, Part II: From Basic Neuroscience to Clinical Neurology, Volume 155, not only reviews how body temperature regulation changes in neurological diseases, but also how this aspect affects the course and outcomes of each disease. Other sections of the volume review three therapeutic approaches that are aimed at manipulating body temperature, including induced hypothermia, induced hyperthermia and antipyretic therapy. The book is comprised of nine sections across two volumes, five dealing with the basic aspects of body temperature regulation and four dealing with the clinical aspects. Basic sections cover the Thermoregulation system, Thermoreceptors, Thermoeffectors, Neural pathways, and Thermoregulation as a homeostatic function. In addition, the book covers the physiology and neuroanatomy of the thermoregulation system and provides descriptions of how the regulation of body temperature intervenes with other physiological functions (such as sleep, osmoregulation, and immunity), stress, exercise and aging. Basic sections serve as an introduction to the four clinical sections: Body Temperature, Clinical Significance, Abnormal Body Temperature, Thermoregulation in Neurological Disease and Therapeutic Interventions. Presents a clear, logical pathway from the fundamental physiology of thermoregulation, through neurobiology, to clinical applications and disease Enables researchers and clinicians to better understand the value of temperature measurement in disease and the use of temperature as a therapy Integrates content from a broad field of research, including topics on the molecular physiology of temperature receptors, to the management of accidental hypothermia
Wilderness Medicine E Book
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Author : Paul S. Auerbach
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2011-10-31
Wilderness Medicine E Book written by Paul S. Auerbach and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-31 with Medical categories.
Quickly and decisively manage any medical emergency you encounter in the great outdoors with Wilderness Medicine! World-renowned authority and author, Dr. Paul Auerbach, and a team of experts offer proven, practical, visual guidance for effectively diagnosing and treating the full range of emergencies and health problems encountered in situations where time and resources are scarce. Every day, more and more people are venturing into the wilderness and extreme environments, or are victims of horrific natural disasters...and many are unprepared for the dangers and aftermath that come with these episodes. Whether these victims are stranded on mountaintops, lost in the desert, injured on a remote bike path, or ill far out at sea, this indispensable resource--now with online access at www.expertconsult.com for greater accessibility and portability-- equips rescuers and health care professionals to effectively address and prevent injury and illness in the wilderness! This textbook is widely referred to as "The Bible of Wilderness Medicine." Be able to practice emergency medicine outside of the traditional hospital/clinical setting whether you are in remote environments, underdeveloped but highly populated areas, or disaster areas, are part of search and rescue operations, or dealing with casualties from episodes of extreme sports and active lifestyle activities. Face any medical challenge in the wilderness with expert guidance: Dr. Auerbach is a noted author and the world's leading authority on wilderness medicine. He is a founder and Past President of the Wilderness Medical Society, consultant to the Divers Alert Network and many other agencies and organizations, and a member of the National Medical Committee for the National Ski Patrol System. Handle everything from frostbite to infection by marine microbes, not to mention other diverse injuries, bites, stings, poisonous plant exposures, animal attacks, and natural disasters. Grasp the essential aspects of search and rescue. Respond quickly and effectively by improvising with available materials. Improve your competency and readiness with the latest guidance on volcanic eruptions, extreme sports, splints and slings, wilderness cardiology, living off the land, aerospace medicine, mental health in the wilderness, tactical combat casualty care, and much more. Meet the needs and special considerations of specific patient populations such as children, women, elders, persons with chronic medical conditions, and the disabled. Make smart decisions about gear, navigation, nutrition, and survival. Be prepared for everything with expanded coverage on topics such as high altitude, cold water immersion, and poisonous and venomous plants and animals. Get the skills you need now with new information on global humanitarian relief and expedition medicine, plus expanded coverage of injury prevention and environmental preservation. Get guidance on the go with fully searchable online text, plus bonus images, tables and video clips - all available on ExpertConsult.com.
The Effect Of Heat Acclimatization Heat Acclimation And Intermittent Exercise On Aerobic Performance
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Author : Lauren Fry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Effect Of Heat Acclimatization Heat Acclimation And Intermittent Exercise On Aerobic Performance written by Lauren Fry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
The primary aim of this study is to determine if heat acclimation (HA)/acclimatization (HAz) improves VO2max. A secondary aim of this study is to examine whether or not any changes in VO2maxoccur during intermittent exercise heat exposures (HAM). Twenty-seven male endurance runners (mean±SD: age: 36±12 years, nude body mass: 73.03±8.97 kg, height: 178.81±6.39 cm, VO2max: 57.48±7.03 ml×kg-1×min-1) performed five VO2maxtests at various time points (baseline, test 1; post-HAz, test2; post-HA, test 3; 4 weeks of HAM, test4; 8 weeks of HAM, test5). Participants completed a summer training regimen after test 1. After summer training, each participant completed a 5-day HA protocol. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups for the HAM, once a week (n=9), twice a week (n=10), or not at all/control (n=8). Differences in VO2max, vVO2, and max HR for tests 1-3 were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs while tests 3-test 5 were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVAs with Bonferroni corrections post-hoc. Statistical significance was defined as p2maxdata between any of the VO2maxtests 1-3 (mean±SD: 57.92±6.8, 59.65±8.2, 59.49±7.2 ml×kg-1×min-1, p=0.363). There were no significant group or time effects for tests 3-5 (p=0.671), therefore no differences were found between experimental groups. There were significant differences in maximal heart rate (HR) between test 1-3 (mean± SD: 180 11bpm, 177± 10bpm, 175± 10bpm, p=0.006). There were significant differences in HR between test 1 and test 3 (mean± SD: 180± 11bpm vs. 175± 10bpm, p2max) following HA.