High Energy Density Nastic Structures Using Biological Transport Mechanisms
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High Energy Density Nastic Structures Using Biological Transport Mechanisms
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
High Energy Density Nastic Structures Using Biological Transport Mechanisms written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
A new mechanical actuation concept is demonstrated based on the controlled transport of fluid across semi-permeable membranes. This concept is based on the pressurization of cells similar to the process that plants use to maintain homeostasis and regulate cell function. In all plant systems, the transport of ions and fluid produce localized pressure changes (called turgor pressure) that perform many cell functions, such as maintaining cell integrity and controlling plant growth. In this article, we demonstrate that the concept of fluid transport caused by protein transporters can be used to control the actuation properties of a mesoscale device. The device considered in this work consists of two chambers separated by a semi-permeable membrane substrate that contains protein transporters suspended in a lipid bilayer. The protein transporters convert biochemical energy in the form of ATP into a protein gradient across the semipermeable membrane. The proton gradient, in turn, induces a flow of fluid across the porous substrate and pressurizes a closed volume. The experimental demonstration uses a directly applied gradient. The pressurization of the closed volume produces a deformation in the cover plate of the chamber, thus transforming the chemical energy of the ATP into a measurable motion in the actuator. Experiments on the device demonstrate that micron-scale displacements can be induced in a millimeter-scale actuator. The time constant of the response is on the order of tens of seconds, and results demonstrate that the pH gradient (or) amount of ATP and ATPase control the actuation properties of the device. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of using natural protein transporters as the active component of a mechanical actuator.
Bioinspired Actuators And Sensors
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Author : Minoru Taya
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-13
Bioinspired Actuators And Sensors written by Minoru Taya and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-13 with Medical categories.
From experts in engineering and biology, this is the first book to integrate sensor and actuator technology with bioinspired design.
Smart Structures And Materials
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Smart Structures And Materials written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Actuators categories.
Proceedings Of The Asme Aerospace Division
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Author : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Aerospace Division
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Proceedings Of The Asme Aerospace Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Aerospace Division and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Airplanes categories.
Proceedings Of The Asme Conference On Smart Materials Adaptive Structures And Intelligent Systems 2009
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Proceedings Of The Asme Conference On Smart Materials Adaptive Structures And Intelligent Systems 2009 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Nanostructures categories.
A collection of 81 full-length, peer-reviewed technical papers that covers such topics as: Bio-inspired Smart Materials and Structures; Enabling Technologies and Integrated System Design; Multifunctional Materials; and, Structural Health Monitoring/NDE.
Energetics And Transport In Aquatic Plants
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Author : John A. Raven
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Energetics And Transport In Aquatic Plants written by John A. Raven and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Nature categories.
Mineral Nutrition Of Higher Plants
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Author : Horst Marschner
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 1995
Mineral Nutrition Of Higher Plants written by Horst Marschner and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This text presents the principles of mineral nutrition in the light of current advances. For this second edition more emphasis has been placed on root water relations and functions of micronutrients as well as external and internal factors on root growth and the root-soil interface.
The Alkali Metal Ions Their Role For Life
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Author : Astrid Sigel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-09
The Alkali Metal Ions Their Role For Life written by Astrid Sigel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-09 with Science categories.
MILS-16 provides an up-to-date review of the impact of alkali metal ions on life. Their bioinorganic chemistry and analytical determination, the solid state structures of bio-ligand complexes and the properties of alkali metal ions in solution in the context of all kinds of biologically relevant ligands are covered, this includes proteins (enzymes) and nucleic acids (G-quadruplexes). Minerals containing sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) are abundant in the Earth's crust, making Na+ and K+ easily available. In contrast, the alkali elements lithium (Li+), rubidium, and cesium are rare and the radioactive francium occurs only in traces. Since the intra- and extracellular, as well as the compartmental concentrations of Na+ and K+ differ significantly, homeostasis and active transport of these ions are important; this involves transporters/carriers and pore-forming ion channel proteins. Systems like Na+/K+-ATPases, H+/K+-ATPases or Na+/H+ antiporters are thoroughly discussed. The role of K+ in photosynthesis and the role of Na+ in charging the "battery of life" are pointed out. Also, the relationships between alkali metal ions and diseases (e.g., Parkinson or traumatic brain injury) are covered and the relevance of Li+ salts in medicine (pharmacology and mechanism) is reviewed. This and more is treated in an authoritative and timely manner in the 16 stimulating chapters of Volume 16, The Alkali Metal Ions: Their Role for Life, which are written by 44 internationally recognized experts from 12 nations. The impact of this vibrant research area is manifested in nearly 3000 references, over 30 tables and more than 150 illustrations (two thirds in color). MILS-16 also provides excellent information for teaching. Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel, and Roland K. O. Sigel have long-standing interests in Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Their research focuses on metal ion interactions with nucleotides and nucleic acids and on related topics. They edited previously 44 volumes in the series Metal Ions in Biological Systems.
Plant Physiology Development And Metabolism
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Author : Satish C. Bhatla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-12-04
Plant Physiology Development And Metabolism written by Satish C. Bhatla and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-04 with Science categories.
This textbook is second edition of popular textbook of plant physiology and metabolism. The first edition of this book gained noteworthy acceptance (more than 4.9 Million downloads) among graduate and masters level students and faculty world over, with many Universities recommending it as a preferred reading in their syllabi. The second edition provides up to date and latest information on all the topics covered while also including the basic concepts. The text is supported with clear, easy to understand Figures, Tables, Box items, summaries, perspectives, thought-provoking multiple-choice questions, latest references for further reading, glossary and a detailed subject index. Authors have also added a number of key concepts, discoveries in the form of boxed- items in each chapter. Plant physiology deals with understanding the various processes, functioning, growth, development and survival of plants in normal and stressful conditions. The study involves analysis of the above-stated processes at molecular, sub-cellular, cellular, tissue and plant level in relation with its surrounding environment. Plant physiology is an experimental science, and its concepts are very rapidly changing through applications from chemical biology, cytochemical, fluorometric, biochemical and molecular techniques, and metabolomic and proteomic analysis. Consequently, this branch of modern plant biology has experienced significant generation of new information in most areas. The newer concepts so derived are being also rapidly put into applications in crop physiology. Novel molecules, such nanourea, nitric oxide, gaseous signalling molecules like hydrogen sulphide, are rapidly finding significant applications among crop plants. This textbook, therefore, brings forth an inclusive coverage of the field contained in 35 chapters, divided into five major units. It serves as essential reading material for post-graduate and undergraduate students of botany, plant sciences, plant physiology, agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. This textbook is also of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, and policymakers.
Plant Physics
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Author : Karl J. Niklas
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2012-02-06
Plant Physics written by Karl J. Niklas and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-06 with Science categories.
From Galileo, who used the hollow stalks of grass to demonstrate the idea that peripherally located construction materials provide most of the resistance to bending forces, to Leonardo da Vinci, whose illustrations of the parachute are alleged to be based on his study of the dandelion’s pappus and the maple tree’s samara, many of our greatest physicists, mathematicians, and engineers have learned much from studying plants. A symbiotic relationship between botany and the fields of physics, mathematics, engineering, and chemistry continues today, as is revealed in Plant Physics. The result of a long-term collaboration between plant evolutionary biologist Karl J. Niklas and physicist Hanns-Christof Spatz, Plant Physics presents a detailed account of the principles of classical physics, evolutionary theory, and plant biology in order to explain the complex interrelationships among plant form, function, environment, and evolutionary history. Covering a wide range of topics—from the development and evolution of the basic plant body and the ecology of aquatic unicellular plants to mathematical treatments of light attenuation through tree canopies and the movement of water through plants’ roots, stems, and leaves—Plant Physics is destined to inspire students and professionals alike to traverse disciplinary membranes.