High Resolution Structural And Analytical Studies Of Biominerals
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High Resolution Structural And Analytical Studies Of Biominerals
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Author : S. Mann
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1987
High Resolution Structural And Analytical Studies Of Biominerals written by S. Mann and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Science categories.
Research Methods In Biomineralization Science
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-31
Research Methods In Biomineralization Science written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-31 with Science categories.
This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods in biomineralization science, and includes sections on such topics as determining solution chemistry, structure and nucleation; probing structure and dynamics at surfaces; and interfaces mapping biomineral and morphology and ultrastructure. Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field Covers research methods in biomineralization science Contains sections on such topics as and includes sections on such topics as determining solution chemistry, structure and nucleation; probing structure and dynamics at surfaces; and interfaces mapping biomineral and morphology and ultrastructure
Inorganic Organic Interface In Biominerals
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Author : Benazir Khurshid
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Inorganic Organic Interface In Biominerals written by Benazir Khurshid and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Biominerals are organo-minerals structures produced by living systems. Since the Cambrian, they contribute to the adaptation of living organisms to different environments by fulfilling a variety of combined functions that go along with adapted morphologies. One of the aims of biomineralization is to understand how organisms "sculpt" these complex morphologies, in particular at nano and molecular scales. The aim of this PhD work was to understand the complex relationships between the organic and mineral phases. To this end, I focused my analyses on two calcitic biomineral models: 1) the red coral Corallium rubrum and 2) the prismatic shell of the Mediterranean fan mussel Pinna nobilis. My work deals with two different - but complementary- approaches to understand the complex mechanism of biomineralization: one is based on physio-chemical characterization, the other, on biochemical and proteomic analysis of the organics contained in the biomineral.For physio-chemical characterization (Chapter 2 of my thesis), I have used three different imaging techniques available at Synchrotron-SOLEIL: X-ray microtomography, Deep-UV luminescence imaging and at last, Secondary harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. All three were used for analyzing the red coral model. X-ray microtomography evidenced the evolution of the microporosity at the very first steps of calcification of the coral branch tips. Deep-UV luminescence imaging was used to determine the distribution of organics, particularly proteins and pigment, and pointed out the presence of heterogeneously distributed micro-protuberances that likely play important functions in epithelium adhesion to the skeleton. Finally, SHG microscopy revealed peculiar radial patterns in the red coral skeleton, that are likely due to aligned organic molecules, like collagen or pigments. These combined high-resolution techniques illustrate the structural complexity of the red coral. We believe that they will develop in the future, for studying complex natural objects, like biominerals.The nature of the organic matrix contained in the calcitic prismatic shell layer of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis was explored in Chapter 3 of my thesis. I first performed biochemical characterization of the prism-extracted matrix and further deciphered the whole set of prism-associated proteins by proteomics. This proteome is made of hundreds of proteins. In silico analysis showed the diversity of molecular functions required for constructing 'simple' prisms and pointed out the key-role played by proteins with low complexity domains. Furthermore, I characterized more specifically one 11KDa protein that I named accripin11, to understand its role in the prism formation process. Finally, we developed a novel technique in biomineralization that allowed localizing accripin11 on the surface of the shell prisms with a nanometric resolution. This technique relies on atomic force microscopy scanning performed with a tip functionalized with an antibody that specifically targets accripin11.In summary, my work contributes to the advancement of imaging tools to observe complex biomineral structures and to better understand the distribution of organics in these structures. It represents one of the few attempts to bridge the gap between biology and physics in biomineralization studies.
Minerals At The Nanoscale
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Author : F. Nieto
language : en
Publisher: The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Release Date : 2013-05-24
Minerals At The Nanoscale written by F. Nieto and has been published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-24 with Science categories.
The editors have gathered in this book, reviews of past and current studies of mineral groups that have played important roles in geology, environmental science and health science. The various chapters cover the application of TEM and related techniques to: mineral groups in which TEM investigations have been extensive and crucial to the understanding of their mineralogy, namely pyriboles, serpentines, clays, micas and other metamorphic phyllosilicates, oxides and oxyhydroxides, sulfides and carbonates. Some research fields for which TEM is particularly suitable and which have produced significant advances, in particular, are inclusions and traces, extraterrestrial material, deformation processes, non-stoichiometry and superstructures, and biominerals. Nowadays, we are witnessing the push for the improvement of detectors for imaging (direct detection of electrons) and X-rays (silicon drift detectors and annular high solid-angle of collection detectors), the development of new support materials (e.g. graphene) and liquid cells for TEMs. Most of these new technologies have not yet been applied to mineralogical problems but we hope they will be in the near future.
Biomineralization Sourcebook
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Author : Elaine DiMasi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Biomineralization Sourcebook written by Elaine DiMasi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Science categories.
What does it mean to be at the forefront of a characterization technique? Novel implementation and research, finding new ways to visualize composites, and new techniques all play a role. Yet with the myriad of advances in the field, keeping up with new and advanced techniques, often from many different areas, has become a challenge. Biomineralization Sourcebook: Characterization of Biominerals and Biomimetic Materials emphasizes the interplay between multiple techniques at their current frontiers and explores how such studies may be carried out. The book addresses atomic and molecular structure: how it is described, detected, and assessed for importance. It then highlights additional measurements especially well-suited to looking at two- and three-dimensional systems with heterogeneous, if not hierarchical, structure. These systems enable particular aspects of biominerals and biomimetic models to be scrutinized. The text presents state-of-the-art methods to assess properties of the composite, and represents current approaches and aspirations to measuring entire biological working structures while retaining as much fine-grained biophysical information as possible. In all these chapters, authors showcase discoveries from their own programs. Along the way, the book takes you on a tour from microscopy's eighteenth century roots, to the recent literature and diverse research programs of the contributing investigators, to the multi-million dollar National Laboratory facilities that all play their roles to illuminate the ever-fascinating biominerals. A snapshot of the state of the art in a spectrum of experimental techniques applied to a common interdisciplinary goal, where the ability to use the more advanced techniques often requires funding for collaboration and travel, the book will deepen the appreciation for the massive interdisciplinary effort underway, educate researchers across the field, and motivate new collaborations.
International Review Of Applied Malacology In The Years 1965 1992
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Author : Dora Godan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
International Review Of Applied Malacology In The Years 1965 1992 written by Dora Godan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Mollusks categories.
Biomineralization Sourcebook
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Author : Elaine DiMasi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Biomineralization Sourcebook written by Elaine DiMasi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Science categories.
What does it mean to be at the forefront of a characterization technique? Novel implementation and research, finding new ways to visualize composites, and new techniques all play a role. Yet with the myriad of advances in the field, keeping up with new and advanced techniques, often from many different areas, has become a challenge. Biomineralizati
Biomineralization And Biological Metal Accumulation
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Author : P. Westbroek
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Biomineralization And Biological Metal Accumulation written by P. Westbroek and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Biominerals are generated by the subtle interaction of biological organization and mineral growth. They belong both to the living and the inanimate world and as such their genesis is among the most intri guing and fundamental subjects in science. However, the conceptual and technical resources that are available in physical chemistry and in the biological sciences is often inadequate for the elucidation of the pro blems involved, and hence this field is particularly difficult to ex plore. This may be an important reason why fundamental research on bio mineralization mechanisms has traditionally been carried out by a com paratively small group of scientists. There are signs, however, that the situation is ripe for a change. Various meetings on biomineralization have been organized in the last few years, particularly in the medical sector. It is generally felt that further developments in the therapy of bone and tooth diseases will be largely dependent on an improved understanding of the fundamen tal underlying mechanisms of biomineralization.
Silicon Biomineralization
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Author : Werner E. G. Müller
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Silicon Biomineralization written by Werner E. G. Müller and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
During evolution silica deposition has been used in Protozoa, Metazoa and in plants as skeletal elements. It appears that the mechanisms for the formation of biogenic silica have evolved independently in these three taxa. In Protozoa and plants biosilicification appears to be primarily driven by non-enzymatic processes and procedes on organic matrices. In contrast, in sponges (phylum Porifera) this process is mediated by enzymes; the initiation of this process is likewise dependent on organic matrices. In this monograph the role of biosilica as stabilizing structures in different organisms is reviewed and their role for morphogenetic processes is outlined. It provides an up-to-date summary of the mechanisms by which polymeric biosilica is formed. The volume is intended for biologists, biochemists and molecular biologists, involved in the understanding of structure formation in living organisms and will also be very useful for scientists working in the field of applied Nanotechnology and Nanobiotechnology.
Biominerals
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Author : F.C.M. Driessens
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1990-09-26
Biominerals written by F.C.M. Driessens and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-09-26 with Medical categories.
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of biominerals, in particular phosphates and carbonates of calcium. The book begins with a discussion of the theories of solid state chemistry and thermodynamics of ionic solid solutions and applies these theories to show how physiological constituents like sodium, magnesium, carbonate, chloride, fluoride, lead, or strontium influence the formation, stability, and solubility of calcium phosphates. The results of this discussion are then applied to a critical evaluation of data regarding minerals in bone, dentin, and tooth enamel, their formation during growth and turn-over, their stability under physiological conditions and their breakdown under pathological conditions. These principles are also applied to pathological calcifications such as renal calculi, arterial wall calcifications, chondrocalcinosis, dental calculus and salivary stones. A similar approach is used as the authors discuss carbonations such as calcite, dolomite, and aragonite. The book also includes an extensive analysis of the advantageous effects of magnesium supplementation. The wealth of knowledge in this extensive treatise of biominerals is valuable to medical, dental and ecological biologists, as well as scientists and clinicians in the fields of osteoporosis, bone diseases, caries, renal stone disease, parodontology and nutrition.