High Resolution X Ray Diffraction Imaging Using Ptychography
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High Resolution X Ray Diffraction Imaging Using Ptychography
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Author : Isaac Russell Peterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
High Resolution X Ray Diffraction Imaging Using Ptychography written by Isaac Russell Peterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Diffraction patterns categories.
Coherent X Ray Diffractive Imaging On The Single Cell Level Of Microbial Samples
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Author : Robin Niklas Wilke
language : en
Publisher: Göttingen University Press
Release Date : 2015
Coherent X Ray Diffractive Imaging On The Single Cell Level Of Microbial Samples written by Robin Niklas Wilke and has been published by Göttingen University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Since its first experimental demonstration in 1999, Coherent X-Ray Diffractive Imaging has become one of the most promising high resolution X-Ray imaging techniques using coherent radiation produced by brilliant synchrotron storage rings. The ability to directly invert diffraction data with the help of advanced algorithms has paved the way for microscopic investigations and wave-field analyses on the spatial scale of nanometres without the need for inefficient imaging lenses. X-Ray phase contrast which is a measure of the electron density is an important contrast mode of soft biological specimens. For the case of many dominant elements of soft biological matter, the electron density can be converted into an effective mass density offering a unique quantitative information channel which may shed light on important questions such as DNA compaction in the bacterial nucleoid through ‚weighing with light‘. In this work X-Ray phase contrast maps have been obtained from different biological samples by exploring different methods. In particular, the techniques Ptychography and Waveguide-Holographic-Imaging have been used to obtain twodimensional and three-dimensional mass density maps on the single-cell-level of freeze-dried cells of the bacteria Deinococcus radiodurans, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis allowing, for instance, to estimate the dry weight of the bacterial genome in a near native state. On top of this, reciprocal space information from coherent small angle X-Ray scattering (cellular Nano-Diffraction) of the fine structure of the bacterial cells has been recorded in a synergistic manner and has been analysed down to a resolution of about 2.3/nm exceeding current limits of direct imaging approaches. Furthermore, the dynamic range of present detector technology being one of the major limiting factors of ptychographic phasing of farfield diffraction data has been significantly increased. Overcoming this problem for the case of the very intense X-Ray beam produced by Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors has been explored by using semi-transparent central stops.
Coherent X Ray Diffractive Imaging On The Single Celll Level Of Microbial Samples
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Coherent X Ray Diffractive Imaging On The Single Celll Level Of Microbial Samples written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Since its first experimental demonstration in 1999, Coherent X-Ray Diffractive Imaging has become one of the most promising high resolution X-Ray imaging techniques using coherent radiation produced by brilliant synchrotron storage rings. The ability to directly invert diffraction data with the help of advanced algorithms has paved the way for microscopic investigations and wave-field analyses on the spatial scale of nanometres without the need for inefficient imaging lenses. X-Ray phase contrast which is a measure of the electron density is an important contrast mode of soft biological spe...
X Ray Diffraction Imaging
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Author : Joel Greenberg
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-11-02
X Ray Diffraction Imaging written by Joel Greenberg and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book explores novel methods for implementing X-ray diffraction technology as an imaging modality, which have been made possible through recent breakthroughs in detector technology, computational power, and data processing algorithms. The ability to perform fast, spatially-resolved X-ray diffraction throughout the volume of a sample opens up entirely new possibilities in areas such as material analysis, cancer diagnosis, and explosive detection, thus offering the potential to revolutionize the fields of medical, security, and industrial imaging and detection. Featuring chapters written by an international selection of authors from both academia and industry, the book provides a comprehensive discussion of the underlying physics, architectures, and applications of X-ray diffraction imaging that is accessible and relevant to neophytes and experts alike. Teaches novel methods for X-ray diffraction imaging Comprehensive and self-contained discussion of the relevant physics, imaging techniques, system components, and data processing algorithms Features state-of-the-art work of international authors from both academia and industry. Includes practical applications in the medical, industrial, and security sectors
X Ray Diffraction Imaging Of Biological Cells
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Author : Masayoshi Nakasako
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-29
X Ray Diffraction Imaging Of Biological Cells written by Masayoshi Nakasako and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-29 with Science categories.
In this book, the author describes the development of the experimental diffraction setup and structural analysis of non-crystalline particles from material science and biology. Recent advances in X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)-coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) experiments allow for the structural analysis of non-crystalline particles to a resolution of 7 nm, and to a resolution of 20 nm for biological materials. Now XFEL-CXDI marks the dawn of a new era in structural analys of non-crystalline particles with dimensions larger than 100 nm, which was quite impossible in the 20th century. To conduct CXDI experiments in both synchrotron and XFEL facilities, the author has developed apparatuses, named KOTOBUKI-1 and TAKASAGO-6 for cryogenic diffraction experiments on frozen-hydrated non-crystalline particles at around 66 K. At the synchrotron facility, cryogenic diffraction experiments dramatically reduce radiation damage of specimen particles and allow tomography CXDI experiments. In addition, in XFEL experiments, non-crystalline particles scattered on thin support membranes and flash-cooled can be used to efficiently increase the rate of XFEL pulses. The rate, which depends on the number density of scattered particles and the size of X-ray beams, is currently 20-90%, probably the world record in XFEL-CXDI experiments. The experiment setups and results are introduced in this book. The author has also developed software suitable for efficiently processing of diffraction patterns and retrieving electron density maps of specimen particles based on the diffraction theory used in CXDI.
Hard X Ray Microscopy Enhanced By Coherent Image Reconstruction
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Author : Jakob Soltau
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Release Date : 2022
Hard X Ray Microscopy Enhanced By Coherent Image Reconstruction written by Jakob Soltau and has been published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
X-ray microscopy is used to study the structure, dynamics and bulk properties of matter with high spatial resolutions. It is widely applied, from physics and chemistry to material and life sciences. In the past two decades, progress in X-ray microscopy was driven either by improvements in X-ray optics or by improvements in the image reconstruction by using algorithms as computational lenses. In this work both approaches are combined to exploit the advantages of X-ray imaging with a large numerical aperture and the advantages of coherent image reconstruction. It is shown that a combined X-ray microscope using both, advanced optics and algorithms, is neither limited by flawed optics nor by constraints imposed by reconstruction algorithms, which enables to go beyond current limits in resolution and applications. The thesis is structured in four parts. In the first part hard X-ray lenses, so called multilayer zone plates, are simulated to investigate volume diffraction effects within the multilayer structure, and to study the potential for smaller focus sizes and higher efficiencies. In the second part, the multilayer zone plates are characterized and implemented in an X-ray microscope. In the third part, a new imaging scheme is presented, which combines in-line holography and coherent diffractive imaging. This method overcomes the current resolution limit of in-line holography and can achieve super-resolution with respect to the numerical aperture of the illuminating beam. Finally, in the fourth part a multilayer zone plate is used as an objective lens with a known transfer function in a novel coherent full-field imaging experiment based on iterative phase retrieval, for high resolution and quantitative contrast.
Evaluation Of Partial Coherence Correction In X Ray Ptychography
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Evaluation Of Partial Coherence Correction In X Ray Ptychography written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CDI) and X-ray ptychography both heavily rely on the high degree of spatial coherence of the X-ray illumination for sufficient experimental data quality for reconstruction convergence. Nevertheless, the majority of the available synchrotron undulator sources have a limited degree of partial coherence, leading to reduced data quality and a lower speckle contrast in the coherent diffraction patterns. It is still an open question whether experimentalists should compromise the coherence properties of an X-ray source in exchange for a higher flux density at a sample, especially when some materials of scientific interest are relatively weak scatterers. A previous study has suggested that in CDI, the best strategy for the study of strong phase objects is to maintain a high degree of coherence of the illuminating X-rays because of the broadening of solution space resulting from the strong phase structures. In this article, we demonstrate the first systematic analysis of the effectiveness of partial coherence correction in ptychography as a function of the coherence properties, degree of complexity of illumination (degree of phase diversity of the probe) and sample phase complexity. We have also performed analysis of how well ptychographic algorithms refine X-ray probe and complex coherence functions when those variables are unknown at the start of reconstructions, for noise-free simulated data, in the case of both real-valued and highly-complex objects.
High Resolution X Ray Diffractometry And Topography
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Author : D.K. Bowen
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1998-02-05
High Resolution X Ray Diffractometry And Topography written by D.K. Bowen and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The rapid growth in the applications of electronic materials has created an increasing demand for reliable techniques for examining and characterizing these materials. This book explores the area of x-ray diffraction and the techniques available for deployment in research, development, and production. It maps the theoretical and practical background necessary to study single crystal materials using high resolution x-ray diffraction and topography. It combines mathematical formalism with graphical explanations and hands-on advice for interpreting data, thus providing the theoretical and practical background for applying these techniques in scientific and industrial materials characterization
X Ray Far Field Ptychotomography At I13 1 Diamond Light Source
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Author : Venkata Sree Charan Kuppili
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
X Ray Far Field Ptychotomography At I13 1 Diamond Light Source written by Venkata Sree Charan Kuppili and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
X-ray far-field ptychography has emerged as an important imaging technique in order to obtain high resolution, complex transmission maps of nanostructures and nanomaterials. Ptychography achieves this by collecting X-ray far-field diffraction patterns at pre-defined scan positions which are later processed using iterative phase-retrieval algorithms. It has been demonstrated that features as small as 10 nm could be resolved using this technique. Ptychography can be combined with tomography in order to obtain the same in three dimensions. Known as ptychographic-nanoCT or ptychotomography, has proved to be an effective tool to image nanomaterials in three dimensions with resolutions as high as 16 nm. Ptychotomography played a crucial role in imaging nanostructured materials such as egg shells, solar cells and catalysts. This thesis will document various theoretical, experimental and algorithmic factors involved in carrying out ptychotomography. This work will demonstrate the feasibility of ptychography and its allied tomographic imaging technique at I13-1, Diamond Light Source UK. Along with this, this work will also demonstrate two novel 3D imaging modalities namely partially local ptychotomography and limited angle ptychotomography. The first two chapters will introduce theoretical concepts involving basic properties of X-rays with special emphasis on coherence. Synchrotron sources as an extended coherent source will be motivated. Ptychography will be explained next, ptychography will be motivated as a scanning variant of coherent diffraction imaging technique. This chapter will conclude with introduction to tomography along with the details of combining ptychography with tomography. The next chapter will document the methodology of conducting ptychotomography at a synchrotron source with special emphasis on I13-1 Diamond Light Source. Instrumentation available at I13-1 will be documented, with commentary on the influence of the available instrumentation on the quality of ptychographic and tomographic imaging. This chapter will conclude with listing author"s contributions to I13-1. The results chapter will encompass four separate sections, the first will discuss various practical aspects of ptychography with emphasis on obtaining optimum ptychographic reconstructions. The next section will talk about partially local ptychotomography along with motivating ptychography as a tool for beamline assessment and characterisation. The section on limited angle ptychotomography will introduce novel imaging modalities to image extended samples from limited angular views. This chapter will conclude with the section listing author"s contributions to projects involving other beamlines. This work will conclude with a discussion on the necessary steps needed to optimise ptychography, tomography at I13-1 along with discussing the existing limitations of ptychotomography and possible avenues for extending and improving this technique. Appendix sections will provide supporting information pertaining to various sections discussed through out this work.
Chemical Imaging Analysis
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Author : Freddy Adams
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-06-06
Chemical Imaging Analysis written by Freddy Adams and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-06 with Science categories.
Chemical Imaging Analysis covers the advancements made over the last 50 years in chemical imaging analysis, including different analytical techniques and the ways they were developed and refined to link the composition and structure of manmade and natural materials at the nano/micro scale to the functional behavior at the macroscopic scale. In a development process that started in the early 1960s, a variety of specialized analytical techniques was developed – or adapted from existing techniques – and these techniques have matured into versatile and powerful tools for visualizing structural and compositional heterogeneity. This text explores that journey, providing a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields, including mass spectrometry, optical spectrometry including X-rays, electron microscopy, and beam techniques. Provides comprehensive coverage of analytical techniques used in chemical imaging analysis Explores a variety of specialized techniques Provides a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields