Hizballah
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Hizballah Terrorism National Liberation Or Menace
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date :
Hizballah Terrorism National Liberation Or Menace written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Rethinking Hizballah
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Author : Samer N. Abboud
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-08
Rethinking Hizballah written by Samer N. Abboud and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-08 with Political Science categories.
International Relations scholarship posits that legitimacy, authority and violence are attributes of states. However, groups like Hizballah clearly challenge this framing of global politics through its continued ability to exercise violence in the regional arena. Surveying the different and sometimes conflicting interpretations of state-society relations in Lebanon, this book presents a lucid examination of the socio-political conditions that gave rise to the Lebanese movement Hizballah from 1982 until the present. Framing and analysing Hizballah through the perspective of the 'resistance society'; an articulation of identity politics that informs the violent and non-violent political strategies of the movement, Abboud and Muller demonstrate how Hizballah poses a challenge to the Lebanese state through its acquisition and exercise of private authority, and the implications this has for other Lebanese political actors. An essential insight into the complexities of the workings of Hizballah, this book broadens our understanding of how legitimacy, authority and violence can be acquired and exercised outside the structure of the sovereign nation-state. An invaluable resource for scholars working in the fields of Critical Comparative Politics and International Relations.
Hizballah
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Author : Sami G. Hajjar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-08-30
Hizballah written by Sami G. Hajjar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-30 with categories.
In this monograph, the author advances the thesis that the conditions that give rise to acts of terrorism must be dealt with as urgently as combating those responsible for such acts. In the case of Hizballah, those conditions are essentially political. The situation contributing to the rise of Hizballah involves the political, economic, and social circumstances of the Shiite community of Lebanon as the country began to experience civil strife in the mid-1970s. The immediate cause for the creation of the organization was the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982, resulting in the prolonged occupation of south Lebanon. The monograph examines the formation and development of Hizballah in the context of the Lebanese confessional political system that rests on a delicate balance between the country's religious sects. Historically, the system favored the Christian and the Muslim Sunni communities, but as the Shiite community became the largest sect in Lebanon, it demanded a greater share of the nation's pie. Hizballah has its roots in this larger Shiite insurrectionist movement. As a religious party, clerics occupy a central role in Hizballah's leadership structure. The party organization is hierarchical with a definite link to Iran, since Iranian religious and political leadership is an important source of guidance. Several organizational entities direct and control the party's functional and regional activities, including social services and military wings. Additionally, Hizballah's ideological culture rests on a Manichean view that divides the world between oppressors and oppressed. Politically, the United States and Israel are viewed as having a symbiotic relationship, and regarded as oppressors and evil. Hizballah's work on the behalf of its constituency and its resistance activities against the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon earned the party a respectable bloc of seats in the Lebanese Parliament, and the admiration of many Arabs and Muslims. In the dispute between Lebanon and Israel-also involving Syria and the United Nations (U.N.)-over the Shab'a Farms enclave located on the eastern slopes of the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, Hizballah plays a pivotal role. Even beyond the Shab'a Farms border dispute, the entire Lebanon-Israel border issue is made complicated for lack of clear documentations dating to the French and British mandate period, position adjustments made by Israel during its occupation of south Lebanon, and U.N. involvement in demarcating the border to certify Israeli withdrawal. For the United States, Hizballah is regarded as a terrorist organization. The Arabs, on the other hand, view Hizballah's activities as legitimate national liberation efforts. Both views are supported by objective evidence. Utilizing a geographic context, the author assesses the threat of Hizballah at the Lebanese, regional, and international levels. Lebanon remains a fragile body politic, and events on the Lebanon-Israel border involving Hizballah and possibly Palestinian refugees in the area could rekindle civil strife. At the regional level, Hizballah's efforts on behalf of the Palestinians and the quest to liberate the Shab'a Farms could trigger a wider regional conflict especially because of the intimate involvements of Syria and Iran in these efforts. Finally, no credible evidence exists linking Hizballah to recent international terrorist incidents.
Hizballah
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Author : Shimon Shapira
language : en
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
Release Date : 2021-10-13
Hizballah written by Shimon Shapira and has been published by Syracuse University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-13 with History categories.
In this book, Shimon Shapira explores the evolution of Hizballah, addressing key questions about the organization’s mission and influence: How did it take control of Lebanon’s Shi‘ite community and, indirectly, of the Lebanese political system and state? How does Iran control and use the organization? Is it still a pure instrument of Iranian policy or is it also a self-standing Lebanese movement and party? What explains Hassan Nasrallah’s unique style of leadership? Those who thought that the story of Hizballah begins in 1982 will discover its roots in Iranian policy and investment in the Shi’a of Lebanon in the days of the Shah. This early history and more contemporary events shed light on a question that preoccupies students of Iran: to what extent is Iranian policy in the Middle East an ideological policy of a revolutionary Islamist regime and to what extent is it a new incarnation of Persian imperial policy? Whatever the answer to this question, Iran’s ambition and activism in the Middle East after 1979 have served to transform the Middle Eastern political arena.
Beacon Of Hatred
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Author : Avi Jorisch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Beacon Of Hatred written by Avi Jorisch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with History categories.
'Beacon of Hatred' examines the workings & the programming of al-Manar television, an official organ of the Hizballah movement.
Hezbollah
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Author : Casey L. Addis
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2011-05
Hezbollah written by Casey L. Addis and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05 with Reference categories.
Lebanon's Hezbollah (HZ) is a Shiite Islamist militia, political party, social welfare org., and U.S. State Dept.-designated terrorist org. Its armed element receives support from Iran and Syria and possesses paramilitary and unconventional warfare capabilities. In the wake of the summer 2006 war between Israel and HZ, and an armed domestic confrontation between HZ and rival Lebanese groups in May 2008, Lebanon's political process is now focused on HZ's future role in the country. Contents of this report: (1) Overview and Key Issues; (2) HZ's Origins; (3) HZ Today; (4) Implications for Lebanon; (5) Syria; (6) Iran; (7) HZ's International Activities; (8) Efforts to Combat HZ; (9) Options for Weakening HZ. Charts and tables. A print on demand report.
Hizballah Terrorism National Liberation Or Menace
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Hizballah Terrorism National Liberation Or Menace written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
In this monograph, the author advances the thesis that the conditions that give rise to acts of terrorism must be dealt with as urgently as combating those responsible for such acts. In the case of Hizballah, those conditions are essentially political. The situation contributing to the rise of Hizballah involves the political, economic, and social circumstances of the Shiite community of Lebanon as the country began to experience civil strife in the mid-1970s. The immediate cause for the creation of the organization was the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982, resulting in the prolonged occupation of south Lebanon. The monograph examines the formation and development of Hizballah in the context of the Lebanese confessional political system that rests on a delicate balance between the country's religious sects. Historically, the system favored the Christian and the Muslim Sunni communities, but as the Shiite community became the largest sect in Lebanon, it demanded a greater share of the nation's pie. Hizballah has its roots in this larger Shiite insurrectionist movement.
The Axis Of Evil
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Author : Shaul Shay
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-19
The Axis Of Evil written by Shaul Shay and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-19 with Political Science categories.
In the nearly 25 years since the ascent of an Islamic regime, Iran has become one of the most prominent supporters of terror worldwide. Today Iran actively employs terror to achieve its international objectives. The Axis of Evil outlines the operations and goals of Shiite and Iranian terror. As Shaul Shay shows, Iran has done its utmost to conceal its involvement in terror activities and avoids leaving incriminating "fingerprints" that might prompt retaliatory action by victims of this terrorism. In consequence, most of what we know about Iranian terror activity has been gleaned from the capture and trials of Iranian terrorists or terrorists acting on Iran's behalf. The Axis of Evil deals extensively with Iran's involvement in terrorist activity against Israel through Hizballah after the Israel Defense Forces' withdrawal from Lebanon (May 2000) and the instigation of the Al-Aksa Intifada (September 2000-2003). It examines Iran's attitude towards the State of Israel since the rise of Knomeini, confirming that Iran sees Israel as a primary source of the world's wrongdoings and the epitome of evil. In turn, Israel has become one of Iran's archenemies. Over the years, Iran has strengthened its ideological links with radical Arab and Palestinian circles. In addition, it actively supports Hizballah, which acts on behalf of Iran from its base in Lebanon and perpetrates terror attacks against Israel and against representatives of Western and Arab countries in Lebanon as well as in the international arena. This book is a comprehensive and in-depth study of Shiite and Iranian terror activity. In addition to drawing attention to the significance of Iran's contributions to terror, it provides readers with a better understanding of Iran's activities in light of the global war against terrorism as well as the deployment of American troops along Iran's borders with Afghanistan and Iraq.
Fight On All Fronts
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Author : Eli Karmon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Fight On All Fronts written by Eli Karmon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Iraq War, 2003-2011 categories.
Hezbollah
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Author : Matthew Levitt
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2013
Hezbollah written by Matthew Levitt and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with History categories.
Examines the political party's activities beyond the Lebanese borders, from its financial and logistical support networks to its covert criminal and terrorist operations around the world.