Hormone Therapy And Castration Resistance Of Prostate Cancer
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Hormone Therapy And Castration Resistance Of Prostate Cancer
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Author : Yoichi Arai
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-11
Hormone Therapy And Castration Resistance Of Prostate Cancer written by Yoichi Arai and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-11 with Medical categories.
This comprehensive reference expounds the current state of hormone therapy and castration resistance of prostate cancer (PCa). Previously, the incidence of PCa in Asian countries was relatively low, but it has been increasing dramatically in recent years. Although most of the new cases are diagnosed in early stages, a significant proportion of patients receive hormone therapy for metastatic disease or for relapse after local treatment. Thus the situation has gradually changed toward earlier and longer use of hormone therapy. The malignancy finally forms castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) despite the lack of testicular androgen. With advances in understanding of the molecular basis of hormone dependence and CRPC, many new androgen receptor-targeted agents have emerged. During the last decade, much evidence on hormone therapy has been accumulated in Japan. Interestingly, some of these findings are different from those reported from Western countries, suggesting ethnic variation in the outcome of hormone therapy. In the chapters of this book, expert authors provide exhaustive interpretations of the evidence recently reported from Japan and provide important Asian perspectives on hormone therapy for PCa. This work benefits not only Asian urologists but also their Western counterparts and all physicians and medical personnel who are involved in the treatment of PCa.
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer An Issue Of Urologic Clinics E Book
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Author : Adam S. Kibel
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2012-11-01
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer An Issue Of Urologic Clinics E Book written by Adam S. Kibel and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-01 with Medical categories.
Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer is advanced disease that has stopped responding to hormone therapy. This issue of the Urologic Clinics focuses on the various forms of therapy including immunotherapy, first line chemotherapy, and novel targeted agents. Articles on defining the diseae and palliative care are also included.
20 Questions And Answers About Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Mcrcp
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Author : Pamela Ellsworth
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2014-09-26
20 Questions And Answers About Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Mcrcp written by Pamela Ellsworth and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-26 with Medical categories.
Based on Jones & Bartlett Learning's acclaimed 100 Questions & Answers series, 20 Questions and Answers about Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRCP) provides authoritative and practical answers to the most common questions asked by men who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer which has proven to be resistant to initial therapies. Providing both doctor and patient perspectives, this easy-to-read book is a comprehensive guide to metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, and is must-have for patients as well as their caregivers. Written by Dr. Pamela Ellsworth, a prominent urologist and best-selling author, 20 Questions and Answers about Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRCP) is an invaluable resource for anyone who has been impacted by prostate cancer.
Management Of Advanced Prostate Cancer
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Author : Choung Soo Kim
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-04
Management Of Advanced Prostate Cancer written by Choung Soo Kim and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-04 with Medical categories.
This textbook summarizes the state of the art in the management of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer with the aim of providing the knowledge required for optimal treatment decision making in individual cases. Readers will find comprehensive coverage of the latest developments in surgery, radiotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. The role of the hormonal therapies abiraterone and enzalutamide and docetaxel-based chemotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer and hormone-sensitive metastatic disease is carefully evaluated. Among the other therapies discussed are LHRH agonists and antagonists, cabazitaxel, radium-223, and various novel agents still under clinical trials. The section on surgical approaches addresses, among other topics, the use of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and the benefits of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy. The current role of external beam radiotherapy, alone or in combination with ADT and brachytherapy, for locally advanced disease is reviewed. Management of Advanced Prostate Cancer will be a valuable resource for practitioners at all levels of expertise.
Drug Management Of Prostate Cancer
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Author : William D. Figg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-14
Drug Management Of Prostate Cancer written by William D. Figg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-14 with Medical categories.
Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous prostate cancer. Research has revealed several distinct malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer mechanisms of castration-resistant disease that may deaths among men in the United States. It is a critical converge in patients with disease progression on public health problem and remains incurable in the ADT. Many approaches are currently being evaluated metastatic setting with mortality that usually occurs as to improve the treatment of this condition and these a result of castration-resistant disease. fndings have identifed several potential targets for Since Huggins and Hodges’ report of the dra- therapeutic intervention. These include drugs that are matic clinical effects of suppressing serum testos- more active or less toxic chemotherapy agents; drugs terone levels in men with advanced prostate cancer that induce androgen deprivation; drugs that target in 1941, hormone therapy (also called androgen the androgen receptor and/or androgen synthesis; deprivation therapy [ADT]) has become widely drugs that target specifc pathways, including ang- accepted as the mainstay of therapy for the treat- genesis and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, endothelin ment of advanced prostate cancer. ADT combined antagonists and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; with radiation therapy is a standard of care in the and immunologic approaches. Many of these agents treatment of men with locally advanced prostate seem promising and the rationale and effcacy of cancer on the basis of evidence that shows improved these emerging therapies remain to be validated in survival. The role of ADT in the management of future clinical trials.
Dx Rx
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Author : Lewis J. Kampel
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Release Date : 2012-03-14
Dx Rx written by Lewis J. Kampel and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-14 with Medical categories.
Dx/Rx: Prostate Cancer, Second Edition is a thoroughly revised and updated pocket-sized manual that details precise, up-to-date information for diagnosis and treatment of Prostate Cancer. Throughout the book, tables and figures summarize important clinical data and current professional society recommendations, while salient references direct readers to additional information. Updates have been made to the Second Edition, including additional information on treatment options for both early and advanced prostate cancer, an improved staging section, including representative scans as well as new information on complications and para-neoplastic syndromes. Dx/Rx: Prostate Cancer features current, quick and concise information and is a must-have resource for instant access on the ward or in the clinic. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition.
Management Of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer
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Author : Fred Saad
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-08-20
Management Of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer written by Fred Saad and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-20 with Medical categories.
This volume provides new data about the molecular biology of CRPC and a review of the definition, staging and prognostic factors that define CRPC. The book features an in depth review of proven therapeutic options, including bone targeted therapies, immunotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal based therapies. Combination therapy as well as novel targeted approaches presently under investigations are also reviewed. The text provides up to date guidelines and algorithms for the management of CRPC based on international guidelines presently available as well as evidence based medicine. As a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field, Management of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer serves as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with this challenging malignancy.
Prostate Cancer
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Author : Gordana Kocic
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Prostate Cancer written by Gordana Kocic and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Molecular Mechanisms Of Prostate Cancer Progression And Treatment Resistance
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Author : Yezi Zhu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Molecular Mechanisms Of Prostate Cancer Progression And Treatment Resistance written by Yezi Zhu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in American men and ranks second to lung cancer in cancer-related deaths. The growth and survival of primary prostate tumors requires physiological level of androgen. Thus hormone therapy has been used for treatment of primary prostate cancer. However, prostate cancer eventually progresses to a castration-resistant state. Understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to castration resistance is very critical for combat this lethal disease. The first part of this thesis will discuss the loss of Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor [alpha] (RhoGDI[alpha]) as one of the molecular mechanisms leading to prostate cancer castration-resistant progression. My study demonstrated that RhoGDI[alpha] suppresses growth and survival of prostate cancer cells. In this part, I utilized the previously generated LNCaP-IL6+ cells which were able to grow in androgen-deprived condition. The protein expression profiles of LNCaP and LNCaP-IL6+ cells were compared using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Expression of RhoGDI[alpha] was reduced in LNCaP-IL6+ cells and was down-regulated in more aggressive prostate cancer cells compared to LNCaP cells. The effects of RhoGDI[alpha] in prostate cancer cells growth and survival were examined both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of RhoGDI[alpha] inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. RhoGDI[alpha] caused LNCaP-IL6+ cells reversal to androgen-sensitive state, and downregulation of RhoGDI[alpha] enhanced growth of androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells in androgen-deprived condition. In addition, RhoGDI[alpha] suppressed the tumorigenic ability and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) production of prostate tumor xenografts in vivo. The aberrant activation of androgen receptor (AR) is responsible for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression and regulation of AR-target genes such as PSA. My in vivo study showed RhoGDI[alpha] inhibited PSA production in the mice sera bearing tumors, indicating RhoGDI[alpha] inhibits AR signaling in prostate cancer cells. The effects of RhoGDI[alpha] on AR signaling will be further discussed. RhoGDI[alpha] was transiently or stably transfected into several prostate cancer cell lines including LNCaP, C4-2, CWR22Rv1 and DU145. The regulation of AR expression by RhoGDI[alpha] was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Overexpression of RhoGDI[alpha] downregulated AR expression at both mRNA and protein levels. AR activity was measured by luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA). RhoGDI[alpha] was able to inhibit transactivation of AR target genes and prevent AR binding to androgen response element. Immunofluorescence assay was performed and overexpression of RhoGDI[alpha] prevented AR nuclear translocation induced by androgens. The interaction between RhoGDI[alpha] and AR was examined by co-immunoprecipitation assays. RhoGDI[alpha] was found to physically interact with the N-terminal domain of AR. Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is associated with castration-resistance of prostate cancer. It has been suggested as a marker of poor prognosis for prostate cancer. Paracrine interleukin-6 (IL-6) can mediate NED features in prostate cancer. The second part of this thesis will discuss the mechanism underlying IL-6-induced NED. RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is a main negative regulator of neurogenesis and represses expression of NED genes. I confirmed the IL-6-induced NED by cell morphological changes as well as the induction of NE markers such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin A (ChgA) and synaptophysin. The expression of REST was suppressed in IL-6-induced NED in LNCaP cells. To further study the impact of REST-mediated repression on NED in LNCaP cells, either wild-type REST or a dominant-positive form of REST, REST-VP16, in which both repressor domains of REST were replaced with the activation domain of the herpes simplex virus protein VP16, was introduced into LNCaP cells. Overexpression of exogenous wild type REST abrogated IL-6-induced NED in prostate cancer cells. Expression of the recombinant REST-VP16 fusion protein activated REST target genes and other neuronal differentiation genes and produced neuronal physiological properties. In addition, REST protein turnover was accelerated in IL-6 induced NE differentiated LNCaP cells via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the deubiquitylase HAUSP, indicating that pathway(s) priming REST degradation may be involved in IL-6 induced NE differentiation. Docetaxel is the first-line standard treatment for CRPC. However, once tumors develop resistance to docetaxel, the treatment options are again limited. In the last part of this thesis, I will discuss the docetaxel resistance mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for docetaxel-resistant CRPC. I established a docetaxel resistant cell line, TaxR, by culturing C4-2B cells in docetaxel in a dose-escalation manner until cells were able to divide freely in 5 nM docetaxel. Global gene expression analysis by cDNA microarrays (approximately 28000 genes) was performed using mRNA from parental C4-2B and TaxR cells. ABCB1, which belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, was identified among the top upregulated genes in TaxR cells. Overexpression of ABCB1 in TaxR cells has been validated by both real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Downregulation of ABCB1 by specific shRNA or inhibiting ABCB1 activity by ABCB1 inhibitor elacridar restored docetaxel sensitivity in TaxR cells. Apigenin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyflavone), a natural product belonging to the flavone family, downregulated ABCB1 protein expression in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and overcame docetaxel resistance in TaxR cells. The effects of different anti-androgens like enzalutamide, abiraterone and bicalutamide on ABCB1 efflux activity were tested using rhodamine123 efflux assay. These antiandrogens inhibited ABCB1 efflux activity and reversed docetaxel resistance in TaxR cells in vitro. The reversal effect of bicalutamide was further confirmed in TaxR xenograft tumors, suggesting targeting ABCB1 could be a potential approach to resensitize docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells to docetaxel treatment.
Response And Resistance In Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer
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Author : Hung-Ming Lam
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-12-24
Response And Resistance In Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer written by Hung-Ming Lam and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-24 with Medical categories.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.