Household Cost Of Illness
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Cost Of Illness
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Author : David M. Dror
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Cost Of Illness written by David M. Dror and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Background amp; Objectives: In India, health services are funded largely through out-of-pocket spending (OOPS). The objective of this article is to provide data on the cost of an illness episode and parameters affecting cost.Methods: The data was obtained through a household survey carried out in 2005 in five locations among resource-poor persons in rural or slum India. The analysis is based on self-reported illness episodes and their costs. The study is based on 3,531 households (representing 17,323 persons) and 4,316 illness episodes.Results: The median cost of one illness episode was INR 340. When costs were calculated as % of monthly income per person, the median value was 73% of that monthly income, and could reach as much as 780% among the 10% most exposed households. The estimated median per-capita cost of illness was 6% of annual per-capita income. The ratio of direct costs to indirect costs was 67:30. The cost of illness was lower among females in all age groups, due to lower indirect costs. 61% of total illnesses, costing 37.4% of total OOPS, were due to acute illnesses; chronic diseases represented 17.7% of illnesses but 32% of costs. Our study shows that hospitalizations were the single most costly component on average, yet they accounted for only 11% of total on an aggregated basis, compared to drugs that accounted for 49% of total aggregated costs. Locations differ from each other in the absolute cost of care, in distribution of items composing the total cost of care, and in supply.Interpretation amp; Conclusion: Interventions to reduce the cost of illness should be context-specific, as there is no one-size-fits-all model to establish the cost of healthcare for the entire sub-continent. Aggregated expenses, rather than only hospitalizations, can cause catastrophic consequences of illness.
Costs Of Illness Among Older Adults An Analysis Of Six Major Health Conditions With Significant Environmental Risk Factors
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Author : George Van Houtven
language : en
Publisher: RTI Press
Release Date : 2008-08-31
Costs Of Illness Among Older Adults An Analysis Of Six Major Health Conditions With Significant Environmental Risk Factors written by George Van Houtven and has been published by RTI Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-31 with Medical categories.
This study estimates the cost burden associated with six major illnesses among Americans age 65 or older: chronic lung disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal illness. These illnesses were selected because of their relatively high impact among older populations and because they include environmental exposures as a significant risk factor. A prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was applied. Medical costs were estimated from Medicare claims data in 2000. Productivity losses were estimated through regression analyses of National Health Interview Survey data and using age-specific earnings and household production estimates. Estimated costs range from $0.5 billion (gastrointestinal illness) to almost $60 billion (ischemic heart disease). The combined costs of these conditions among the 65-or-older population in 2000 were almost $135 billion. A simple extrapolation of these cost estimates based on population growth and increases in average medical care prices since 2000 implies that the comparable costs in 2007 were more than $196 billion. With the expectation that these costs will continue to increase significantly as the population ages, priority should be given to prevention strategies such as environmental quality improvements.
Household Strategies To Cope With The Economic Cost Of Illness In Low And Middle Income Countries
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Author : Ramna Thakur
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Household Strategies To Cope With The Economic Cost Of Illness In Low And Middle Income Countries written by Ramna Thakur and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Present study reviews the findings of various studies on coping strategies and distress financing of health care expenditure worldwide. More emphasis has been given to studies conducted in low and middle-income countries on households coping strategies but the relevant articles proceeded in high income countries on the same have also been considered. The main purpose of this review study is to recognize and examine the structure of coping strategies and distress financing used by households to pay health care expenditure and to encounter the prospective economic shocks from ill health in these countries. Findings analytically carried out from several studies show that wealthy households mainly use income and savings as a coping strategy for health care financing in low and middle-income countries. Whereas borrowings, sale of assets, contributions from relatives and other significant non-financial strategies such as intra-family labour reallocation, hiring and free community labour etc. have been found frequently used by poor households. Evidences from the studies conducted in India have also signified that along with savings/income, distress financing is playing a dominant role to cope up with financing health care in the country.
Household Strategies To Cope With The Economic Cost Of Illness
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Author : Rainer Sauerborn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Household Strategies To Cope With The Economic Cost Of Illness written by Rainer Sauerborn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Diseases categories.
Household Cost Of Illness Study In The Nouna Health District Burkina Faso
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Author : Tin Tin Su
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Household Cost Of Illness Study In The Nouna Health District Burkina Faso written by Tin Tin Su and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Medical Care And Costs In Relation To Family Income
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Author : Helen Hollingsworth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1943
Medical Care And Costs In Relation To Family Income written by Helen Hollingsworth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1943 with Cost and standard of living categories.
Household Cost Of Illness
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Author : B. P. Chandramohan
language : en
Publisher: Partridge Publishing
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Household Cost Of Illness written by B. P. Chandramohan and has been published by Partridge Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Health & Fitness categories.
Chikungunya fever is a vector borne disease transmitted by mosquitoes that became widely prevalent in most of the coastal States of Indian Union since 2006. It causes numerous health problems to the victims and cognitive problems for medical practitioners and policy makers. Several episodes of the fever have shown long term physical and neurological disability besides short term morbidity. There is no vaccine available to prevent Chikungunya though it is generally considered non-fatal. Hence the disease can be treated at relatively low cost by simple measures to prevent the severity of the disease. However, poor people treated the diseases relatively costly. Though the disease was not new to India, the disease caused panic among the public and resulted in socio political and medical concern when the epidemic outbreak penetrated fast in to rural and urban areas after 2006.The symptoms, side effects and socio-economic impacts were not similar in the affected areas. In the Kanyakumari District of Tamil Nadu, the disease inflicted more among the rural agricultural laborers and tapper workers in rubber plantations, resulted in severe loss of employment and productivity. The present study is an attempt to analyse the economic impact of Chikungunya fever at the household level in Kanyakuramari District. This report presents the results of the study The Economic Impact of Chikungunya Fever on Household level in Tamil Nadu: A study in Kanyakurmari District This project is undertaken with the financial support from Malcolm and Elizabeth Adiseshaiah Trust, Chennai. This financial assistance is gratefully acknowledged. I am indebted to Presidency College for providing the necessary facilities to undertake the project. I fail in my duty if I dont mention the helps extended by the post graduate students of Marthandam Christian College, Kanyakumari. I am indebted to Prof. R.Nagaraj of MIDS for his valuable guidance in undertaking the project. I also gratefully acknowledge the support of Mr.K.Sampath Kumar. B.P.Chandramohan
Saving Lives Buying Time
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-09-09
Saving Lives Buying Time written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-09 with Medical categories.
For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.
Why Season Matters
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Author : Rainer Sauerborn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Why Season Matters written by Rainer Sauerborn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Medical care, Cost of categories.
Health Economic Development And Household Poverty
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Author : Sara Bennett
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-09-12
Health Economic Development And Household Poverty written by Sara Bennett and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Accessible and edited by authors based at a top institution, this book provides readers with an excellent summary in an easy-to-read style of this burgeoning field of research. In this volume Bennett, Gilson and Mills have gathered together essays written by academics and experts in the fields of health policy and economic development, each underscoring the need for political commitment to meet the needs of the poor and the development of strategies to build this commitment, covering: evidence regarding the links between health, economic development and household poverty evidence on the extent to which health care systems address the needs of the poor and the near poor innovative measures to make health care interventions widely available to the poor. Current and topical, this book is of great relevance to policy makers and practitioners in the field of international health and development and researchers engaged with global health and poverty as well as being ideal reading for students of international health and development.