How Can Information On Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment For Lead Contaminated Soils
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How Can Information On Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment For Lead Contaminated Soils
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Author : A. G. Oomen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
How Can Information On Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment For Lead Contaminated Soils written by A. G. Oomen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Bioavailability Of Contaminants In Soils And Sediments
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-05-03
Bioavailability Of Contaminants In Soils And Sediments written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Guidance For Evaluating The Oral Bioavailability Of Metals In Soils For Use In Human Health Risk Assessment
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Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Guidance For Evaluating The Oral Bioavailability Of Metals In Soils For Use In Human Health Risk Assessment written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Bioavailability categories.
Lead In Soil
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Author : Bobby G. Wixson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-11-22
Lead In Soil written by Bobby G. Wixson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-22 with Science categories.
Until the publication of this new book there had been a lack of well-founded guidelines for evaluating concentrations of lead in soil and its relationship to human health. Thus, much confusion has existed among regulatory agencies, industries, public health officials, and the medical community about the evaluation and remedying of lead-contaminated soils. Lead in Soil: Recommended Guidelines represents the combined efforts of a multi-disciplinary international task force from the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health (SEGH) whose members are experts in the fields of lead pollution and toxicology. It provides an international consensus concerning environmental lead and blood lead-especially in children. The task force evaluated the evidence and made recommendations for guidelines to appraise lead concentration. It also studied the influence of soil and other sources of lead on blood lead concentrations. A model was prepared that allows the user to select appropriate target levels of blood lead while allowing for a variety of environmental situations or regulatory criteria.
Assessing The Bioavailability Of Metals In Soil For Use In Human Health Risk Assessments Bioavailability Policy Project Phase Ii Metals Task Force Report Summer 2000
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Assessing The Bioavailability Of Metals In Soil For Use In Human Health Risk Assessments Bioavailability Policy Project Phase Ii Metals Task Force Report Summer 2000 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
The Phase II objective was to provide information on the role of bioavailability in evaluating human exposures to chemicals in soil and how this scientific information can be used to enhance risk assessment and remediation decisions at soil-sites. The BPP Working Group formed a Metals Task Force and an Organics Task Force to help focus on timely developments in basic and applied science and regulatory policies for each chemical group. Emphasis was placed on providing a greater context for understanding and using bioavailability in assessing human health risks and potential remedies, as well as identifying information needs for future decision-making. Each Task Force developed similar areas for investigation and study, which are as follows: Relative Bioavailability and Risk Determination; Methods for Assessing Bioavailability from Soils; Assessment of Current Scientific Knowledge; Future Research Needs; Regulatory Policies; Case Studies; Conclusions and Future Dire.
Uncertainty In The Estimation Of Bioavailability And Its Implications For Human Health Risk Assessment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Uncertainty In The Estimation Of Bioavailability And Its Implications For Human Health Risk Assessment written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Bioaccessibility Based In Situ Remediation Of Lead Contaminated Soils Using Local Materials
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Author : Martina Laura Vázquez Miranda
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Bioaccessibility Based In Situ Remediation Of Lead Contaminated Soils Using Local Materials written by Martina Laura Vázquez Miranda and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with In situ remediation categories.
Lead (Pb) speciation in soil is key for bioavailability assessment and exposure risk to humans from Pb contaminated soils. Soil ingestion is the main exposure pathway in Pb contaminated soils and in vitro bioaccessibility assays (IVBA) can predict relative bioavailable (RBA) Pb in soil by mimicking the GI tract conditions without traditional expensive animal feeding studies. In situ soil remediation has been considered an effective ecological treatment option compared to ex-situ techniques. The use of amendments such as biosolids, biochar, compost and phosphorous (P) amendments have been effective to decrease RBA in soils and, in doing so, reducing human exposure to the contaminant. In this study, soil amendments including biosolids, compost, wood-ash, biochar, soluble phosphate (SP) and their combinations were applied to Pb contaminated soil. Soil samples were incubated for up to 6 months at constant temperature, moisture and humidity. Samples were taken at three time points 1 (t1), 4 (t2) and 6 (t3) months of incubation and analyzed for total metal content, bioaccessible Pb (%IVBA-Pb), bioaccessible arsenic (%IVBA-As), organic carbon content (Org C), pH, extractable P and other key properties to determine the best treatment to reduce bioavailability of lead while improving soil health. Phosphorous was the most effective amendment to reduce %IVBA-Pb. Whether as individual or combined amendments, SP and biosolids resulted in 25-50% reductions of %IVBA Pb. Organic C addition did not reduce %IVBA-Pb, indicating complexation was not relevant for chemical immobilization of Pb in the case of strongly acidic soils such as the ones used in this experiment. %IVBA-As was correlated with pH and not P addition nor Organic C addition. Biosolid addition produced, apart from an expected plant available P increase, a great increase in Mineralizable Nitrogen content in the soils. Considering the importance of Nitrogen as an essential nutrient in plant growth, these results indicate that this amendment would be suitable for decreasing %IVBA-Pb and overall exposure to Pb contaminated soils. This is due to ensuring plant cover in the soils and decreasing soil erosion and loss, with the subsequent Pb dust dispersion, decreasing possible ingestion rates of the soil.
Superfund And Mining Megasites
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-01-29
Superfund And Mining Megasites written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-29 with Political Science categories.
For more than 100 years, the Coeur d' Alene River Basin has been known as "The Silver Valley" for being one of the most productive silver, lead, and zinc mining areas in the United States. Over time, high levels of metals (including lead, arsenic, cadmium, and zinc) were discovered in the local environment and elevated blood lead levels were found in children in communities near the metal-refining and smelter complex. In 1983, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) listed a 21-square mile mining area in northern Idaho as a Superfund site. EPA extended those boundaries in 1998 to include areas throughout the 1500-square mile area Coeur d'Alene River Basin project area. Under Superfund, EPA has developed a plan to clean up the contaminated area that will cost an estimated $359 million over 3 decades-and this effort is only the first step in the cleanup process. Superfund and Mining Megasites: Lessons from Coeur d'Alene River Basin evaluates the issues and concerns that have been raised regarding EPA's decisions about cleaning up the area. The scientific and technical practices used by EPA to make decisions about human health risks at the Coeur d'Alene River Basin Superfund site are generally sound; however, there are substantial concerns regarding environmental protection decisions, particularly dealing with the effectiveness of long-term plans.
Risk Management Of Complex Inorganic Materials
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Author : Violaine Verougstraete
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-11-21
Risk Management Of Complex Inorganic Materials written by Violaine Verougstraete and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-21 with Medical categories.
Risk Management of Complex Inorganic Materials: A Practical Guide facilitates the risk assessment and management of complex inorganic materials around the world by providing accessible and specific guidance on their assessment. Inorganic complex materials, such as ores and concentrates, metal containing- glasses, ceramic and inorganic pigments, alloys, and UVCBs produced during the manufacturing of metals present specificities not addressed by most guidance documents. This book explains the main characteristics of inorganic complex materials affecting their hazard and risk assessment and management, including their source and main uses, also covering hazard and exposure assessment, risk characterization and risk management. It is an essential reference for regulators involved in risk assessment and risk management, industry experts charged of compliance with chemical management program requirements, consultants preparing chemicals management files for companies and regulators, and academics involved in research on complex inorganic materials. Focuses on key information required to globally manage the risk of inorganic complex material Includes user-friendly descriptions of methodologies and tools that facilitate chemicals management of such materials Provides key messages to assist communication on risk assessment and risk management to audiences like regulators, workers and communities living around industrial sites
Australian Exposure Factor Guidance
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Author : Department of Health and Ageing Staff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007-01-01
Australian Exposure Factor Guidance written by Department of Health and Ageing Staff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-01 with categories.