Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1

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Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-02-19

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-19 with Medical categories.

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus‐1 (HTLV‐1), is a retrovirus which causes lifelong infection in humans. Infection is sometimes asymptomatic, but chronic infection causes a spectrum of various clinical syndromes, the severe ones being an aggressive malignancy known as adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) and a progressive neurological condition known as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. This Technical report on HTLV-1 captures the epidemiological status and management approaches for HTLV-1 virus infection and the diseases it causes. It presents best practice approaches and research evidence on how countries have addressed HTLV-1 so far. Prior to this report the WHO undertook consultations with member states and partners. Few public health measures have been implemented on a global scale to prevent infection with HTLV-1 or its consequences, or to manage ATL and HAM/TSP. Current evidence from countries suggests that more concerted global public health actions in containing this infectious disease can be implemented via integrated approach in the existing country programmes of STIs and HIV prevention and control. These include ongoing monitoring and surveillance of the virus. Blood testing at transfusion clinics, cessation of breast feeding, and partner testing and condom promotion are useful prevention strategies. Testing and treatment methods need new innovations with better technology to improve performance and efficacy. This report is a tool towards improving HTLV-1 prevention and control and reducing morbidity and mortality due to the virus.

Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I

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Author : Per Höllsberg
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1996-12-02

Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I written by Per Höllsberg and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-12-02 with Medical categories.

HTLV is made up of any of several retroviruses including the retrovirus known as AIDS. Devoted to the rapidly growing field of HTLV, this book explores the many different aspects of the virus.

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Htlv New Insights For The Healthcare Professional 2011 Edition

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-01-09

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Htlv New Insights For The Healthcare Professional 2011 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-09 with Medical categories.

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in a compact format. The editors have built Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Role Of Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 P30 Ii And Surface Envelope As Determinants Of In Vivo Pathogenesis

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Author : Lee Silverman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005

Role Of Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 P30 Ii And Surface Envelope As Determinants Of In Vivo Pathogenesis written by Lee Silverman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with HTLV-I (Virus) categories.

Abstract: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTVL-1) is the first identified human retrovirus. In addition to gag, pol, and env genes, HTLV-1 contains four open reading frames (ORF) within its pX region. ORF II encodes p30II and p13II. Herein, we determine the in vivo significance of p30II by inoculating rabbits with cell lines expressing either a wild-type clone of HTLV-1 (ACH. 1) or a p30II mutant clone (ACH. 30.1). Compared to ACH. 1 rabbits, ACH. 30.1 rabbits had lower antibody titers, a smaller percentage of seropositive animals, a smaller percentage of animals with provirus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and lower proviral loads. Sequencing revealed that provirus in ACH. 30.1 provirus positive rabbits had reverted to wild-type sequence. We conclude that there is strong selective pressure for expression of p30II in vivo. We next sought to determine if p30II modulates cellular apoptosis. A greater percentage of ACH. 30.1 cells were induced into apoptosis compared to ACH. 1 cells following treatment with camptothecin (specific for S-phase of cell cycle). There was no difference in apoptosis induction between ACH. 30.1 and ACH. 1 cells following treatment with etoposide (intrinsic pathway) or TRAIL (extrinsic pathway). p30II did not modulate susceptibility to apoptosis when expressed in 293T cells or in Jurkat T cells. Expression of p30II in Jurkat T cells reduced cell proliferation by delaying onset of division. Although p30II does not modulate susceptibility to apoptosis, it does reduce cell proliferation. HTLV-1 Env Ser75Ile, Asn95Asp, and Asn195Asp mutants are able to immortalize lymphocytes in vitro. Herein, we examine the effects of these mutations in rabbits via inoculations with ACH. 75, ACH. 95, ACH. 195, and ACH. 1 cell lines. All mutations were maintained in vivo. ACH. 75 and ACH. 95 rabbits had decreased antibody responses to Gag and Env. One ACH. 195 rabbit had an antibody response to HTLV-1 proteins and HTLV-2 Env. Another ACH. 195 rabbit had provirus in PBMC but no serologic response. ACH. 195 rabbits had a diminished antibody response to Env surface (SU) protein. PBMC proviral loads did not correlate with antibody response to SU. These mutations in HTLV-1 Env SU alter proviral loads and antibody responses against Env but do not prevent virus replication in vivo.

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Htlv New Insights For The Healthcare Professional 2012 Edition

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-12-10

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Htlv New Insights For The Healthcare Professional 2012 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-10 with Medical categories.

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in a compact format. The editors have built Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Prevention And Control Of Human T Lymphotropic Viruses 1 And 2 Htlv 1 2

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Author : Ricardo Ishak
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-22

Prevention And Control Of Human T Lymphotropic Viruses 1 And 2 Htlv 1 2 written by Ricardo Ishak and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-22 with Science categories.

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Htlv 1 Associated Infective Dermatitis

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Author : Carol Hlela
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Htlv 1 Associated Infective Dermatitis written by Carol Hlela and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

Comparative Studies Between Htlv 1 And Htlv 2 Function And Pathobiology

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Author : Umberto Bertazzoni
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-06-11

Comparative Studies Between Htlv 1 And Htlv 2 Function And Pathobiology written by Umberto Bertazzoni and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-11 with HTLV-I (Virus) categories.

Human T-cell leukemia viruses type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) share a common genetic organization, expression strategy and ability to infect and immortalize T-cells in vitro; however, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 are strikingly different in terms of clinical impact. HTLV-1 is recognized as the aetiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and HTLV-associated myeolopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), in contrast, HTLV-2 does not cause hematologic disorders and is only sporadically associated with cases of subacute myelopathy. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 also exhibit distinct cellular tropisms in vivo: HTLV-1 is mainly found in CD4+T lymphocytes, whereas CD8+T-cells are the preferred target for HTLV-2. The articles contributed in this Research Topic are covering all the different aspects that characterize HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, by highlighting differences in their biology that might provide clues to their distinct pathogenic properties.

Report

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with HIV infections categories.

Human T Cell Leukemia Virus

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Author : P.K. Vogt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Human T Cell Leukemia Virus written by P.K. Vogt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

characteristic features in common with the genome of other retroviruses: long terminal repeats (L TR), and coding regions for internal proteins (gag), for re verse transcriptase (pol), and for glycosylated virion surface proteins (env) , ar ranged in the sequence gag, pol, env from the 5' to the 3' end of the genome. However, the HTL V genome also contains some specific features not shared with all other retroviruses: the LTR regions are unusually long (745 base pairs, with 298 base pairs constituting the R region), but unlike the long L TRs of mouse mammary tumor viruses, they do not contain open reading frames. A stretch of noncoding sequences separates the gag and the pol genes. Most interestingly, the HTLV genome contains a region between the 3' end of the env gene and the L TR, called the pX region, that encompasses four open reading frames. Leukemic T cells freshly obtained from patients contain the HTL V provirus but usually do not express it. However, once established in culture, these cells produce viral proteins and release type C particles. Likewise, T cells infected and transformed by HTL V in vitro synthesize virus. Such producing cell lines have been widely used in seroepidemiological surveys and continue to be of importance for detailed studies of viral proteins and nucleic acids.