Hydraulic Fracturing In Hard Rock
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Hydraulic Fracturing In Hard Rock
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Author : Márton Pál Farkas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022*
Hydraulic Fracturing In Hard Rock written by Márton Pál Farkas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022* with categories.
Hydraulic-driven fractures play a key role in subsurface energy technologies across several scales. By injecting fluid at high hydraulic pressure into rock with intrinsic low permeability, in-situ stress field and fracture development pattern can be characterised as well as rock permeability can be enhanced. Hydraulic fracturing is a commercial standard procedure for enhanced oil and gas production of rock reservoirs with low permeability in petroleum industry. However, in EGS utilization, a major geological concern is the unsolicited generation of earthquakes due to fault reactivation, referred to as induced seismicity, with a magnitude large enough to be felt on the surface or to damage facilities and buildings. Furthermore, reliable interpretation of hydraulic fracturing tests for stress measurement is a great challenge for the energy technologies. Therefore, in this cumulative doctoral thesis the following research questions are investigated. (1): How do hydraulic fractures grow in hard rock at various scales?; (2): Which ...
Hydraulic Fracturing In Hard Rock
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Author : Márton Pál Farkas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Hydraulic Fracturing In Hard Rock written by Márton Pál Farkas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Hydraulic-driven fractures play a key role in subsurface energy technologies across several scales. By injecting fluid at high hydraulic pressure into rock with intrinsic low permeability, in-situ stress field and fracture development pattern can be characterised as well as rock permeability can be enhanced. Hydraulic fracturing is a commercial standard procedure for enhanced oil and gas production of rock reservoirs with low permeability in petroleum industry. However, in EGS utilization, a major geological concern is the unsolicited generation of earthquakes due to fault reactivation, referred to as induced seismicity, with a magnitude large enough to be felt on the surface or to damage facilities and buildings. Furthermore, reliable interpretation of hydraulic fracturing tests for stress measurement is a great challenge for the energy technologies.
Electron Beam Fracturing Of Hard Rock
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Author : Merle E. Hanson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Electron Beam Fracturing Of Hard Rock written by Merle E. Hanson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with categories.
An experimental and analytical investigation has been conducted to determine if a moving pressure source can drive a fracture parallel to a free surface. The research was conducted to determine the technical feasibility of a hard-rock mining technique using a high-energy electron beam to create the moving pressure source. By controlling the electron beam sweep orientation and sweep velocity across a rock face, a minimum-energy rock-breaking procedure can be envisioned. The two-dimensional analytical technique used could not simulate fracture branching phenomena. However, the analysis of the dynamic stress field produced by a programmed straight fracture did indicate that branch fractures would occur in the region of the pressure source. (Author).
Hard Rock Hydrosystems
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Author : International Association of Hydrological Sciences
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Hard Rock Hydrosystems written by International Association of Hydrological Sciences and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Engineering geology categories.
Source Parameters Of Induced Seismicity Related To Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments At Sp Hard Rock Laboratory Sweden
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Author : Maria Leonhardt
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Source Parameters Of Induced Seismicity Related To Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments At Sp Hard Rock Laboratory Sweden written by Maria Leonhardt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Hard Rock Hydraulics
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Author : Fernando Olavo Franciss
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-02-24
Hard Rock Hydraulics written by Fernando Olavo Franciss and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Hard rock hydraulics concerns arrangements of adjoining intact rock blocks, occurring down to a depth of hundreds of meters, where groundwater percolates within the gaps between these blocks. During the last decades, technical papers related to successful or failed attempts for mining groundwater from hard rocks, and achievements or failures of public or mining developments with respect to these rocks, increased the knowledge of their hydraulics. Examples of activities where the mechanical behavior of these rocks highly interacts with their hydraulics are projects under the sea or groundwater level, such as open pits or underground mines, galleries, tunnels, shafts, underground hydropower plants, oil and LPG storage caverns, and deep disposal of hazardous waste. This book dedicated to hard rock hydraulics assumes some prior knowledge of hydraulics, geology, hydrogeology, and soil and rock mechanics. Chapter I discusses the main issues of modeling; chapter II covers the fundamentals of hard rock hydraulics; chapter III presents concepts regarding approximate solutions; chapter IV discusses data analysis for groundwater modeling; chapter V focuses on finite differences and chapter VI provides examples of some particular unusual applications. This book will help civil and mining engineers and also geologists to solve their practical problems in hydrogeology and public or mining projects.
Fracturing Hard Rock With Nuclear Explosives And Extraction Of Ore By A Modified Block Caving Method
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Author : W. R. Hardwick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Fracturing Hard Rock With Nuclear Explosives And Extraction Of Ore By A Modified Block Caving Method written by W. R. Hardwick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Explosives categories.
An Investigation Of Thermal Mechanical Fragmentation Of Hard Rock
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Author : George B. Clark
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
An Investigation Of Thermal Mechanical Fragmentation Of Hard Rock written by George B. Clark and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with categories.
Based upon research using heat applied to the surface of rock and at the base of slots cut in the rock, it was determined that heat applied internally is markedly more effective in fracturing hard rock. Coiled wire resistance heaters proved effective in fracturing 30 in. cubes of rock in the laboratory. They also were employed to fracture granite in place, but burned out in a short time in bore holes. Carbon arcs were found to be economical and effective heat sources. These were employed in three and four hole geometries to fracture rock with three faces, and a plane of fracture parallel to the working face was consistently formed. Fracture is augmented with rock splitters which also remove blocks from the working face. Finite element studies have been made of temperature and thermal stress distribution in support of field research. The concept is being developed to drill a tunnel round with pneumatic drills, with heat to fracture the rock in a manner analogous to an explosive round. Slot, V, and pyramid cuts are being tested. Projected rates of advance and costs per foot are favorable.
A Model For Hydraulic Fracturing And Proppant Placement In Unconsolidated Sands
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Author : Dongkeun Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
A Model For Hydraulic Fracturing And Proppant Placement In Unconsolidated Sands written by Dongkeun Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Hydraulic fracturing in unconsolidated or poorly consolidated formations has been used as a technique for well stimulation and for sand control. Although a large number of hydraulic fracturing operations have been performed in soft formations, the exact mechanisms of failure and fracture propagation remain an unresolved issue. Conventional hydraulic fracturing models based on the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) consistently predict lower net fracturing pressure, smaller fracture widths and longer fracture lengths in soft formations than observed in the field. Operators who want to design and analyze frac-pack treatments routinely use a hard rock model and need to calibrate and often manipulate input parameters beyond a physically reasonable range to match the net fracturing pressure and well performance data. In this dissertation, we have developed a fully-coupled, three-dimensional hydraulic fracture model for poro-elasto-plastic materials and fluid flow coupled with proppant transport. A computational framework for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) based on finite volume method was developed for modeling of hydraulic fracturing and proppant placement in soft formations. Two separate domains, a fracture and a reservoir domain, are discretized individually, separate equations are solved in the two domains, and their interactions are modeled. The model includes the fully coupled process of power-law fluid flow inside the fracture with proppant transport, fluid leak-off from the fracture into the porous reservoir, pore pressure diffusion into the reservoir, inelastic deformation of the poro-elasto-plastic reservoir, and fracture propagation using a cohesive zone model along with a dynamic meshing procedure. Fully-coupled processes between the two domains, and pressure, flow and displacement coupling within each domain are modeled by an iterative and segregated solution procedure, where each component of the field variable is solved separately, consecutively, and iteratively. We verified the essential components of the model by comparing our simulation results with several well-known analytical solutions (elastoplastic deformation and failure problem, KGD model in a 2-D elastic domain, and KGD model in storage-toughness dominated regime). We applied the model to design and analyze frac-pack operations conducted in a Gulf of Mexico oilfield. Our model is capable of capturing the high net fracturing pressure commonly observed during frac-packing operations without adjusting any input parameters. The model shows quantitatively that plasticity causes lower stress concentration around the fracture tip which shields the tip of the propagating fracture from the fracturing pressure, and retards fracture growth. Our model predicts shorter fracture lengths and wider widths compared to a hard rock model. Shear failure around the fracture and ahead of the tip are modeled. Low cohesion sands tend to fail in shear first then in tension if sufficient pore pressure builds up. We investigated the effect of fluid viscosity, injection rate, and proppant diameter on fracture growth and proppant placement using sensitivity studies. Higher apparent fluid viscosity and injection rate results in wider fractures with better proppant placement, when the fracture is expected to be contained within the payzone. Utilizing larger diameter of proppant leads to settling-dominant proppant placement resulting in the formation of a proppant bank at the bottom of the induced fracture. The new frac-pack model for the first time allows operators to design and analyze hydraulic fracturing stimulations in soft, elastoplastic formations when complex fracturing fluids are used. Our results also provide guidelines for the selection of fracturing fluid rheology, proppant size, and injection rates.
Hard Rock Comminution Electrohydraulic Fracturing And Ball Mill Grinding
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Author : Robert Carl Buto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Hard Rock Comminution Electrohydraulic Fracturing And Ball Mill Grinding written by Robert Carl Buto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Ball mills categories.