Impact Analysis Of The Joint Research Centre S Activities For The Regulation Of Gmos In The European Union
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Impact Analysis Of The Joint Research Centre S Activities For The Regulation Of Gmos In The European Union
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Author : European Commission. Joint Research Centre
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Impact Analysis Of The Joint Research Centre S Activities For The Regulation Of Gmos In The European Union written by European Commission. Joint Research Centre and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Transgenic plants categories.
This report presents an analysis of impacts and results from the JRC's scientific and technical support for the implementation of the EU regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO). The report is complementary to the mandatory evaluations of the EU Research Framework Programmes. A Steering Group of independent external experts accompanied the preparation of the report and helped to carry out the analysis in an objective way. Over the last 20 years the JRC has built up a specialised laboratory infrastructure to validate procedures for detecting and measuring the concentration of GMOs in food and feed, to harmonise the tests and verification methods, and to produce the necessary reference materials for the various methods. Since 2003 it operates the designated EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) for GMOs, implementing the necessary verification tasks through the European Network of GMO Laboratories (ENGL). The report puts well in evidence the JRC's experience to establish a network of European laboratories to support EU food and- feed regulations using sophisticated DNA-based test methods. The report presents as most important impacts: The existence of a technical infrastructure in the EU that allows harmonised implementation of GMO legislation and regulations, including the availability of certified reference materials ; EU-wide agreed coexistence measures in national legislation to avoid the unintended presence of GMOs in conventional and organic crops based on objective data concerning the socio-economic aspects of GMOs ; the technical clarification of the EU zero-tolerance policy; an impact of which the history is elaborated in the case study in the report -- EU Bookshop.
Impact Analysis Of The Joint Research Centre S Activities For The Regulation Of Gmos In The European Union
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Author : European Commission. Joint Research Centre
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Impact Analysis Of The Joint Research Centre S Activities For The Regulation Of Gmos In The European Union written by European Commission. Joint Research Centre and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Transgenic plants categories.
This report presents an analysis of impacts and results from the JRC's scientific and technical support for the implementation of the EU regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO). The report is complementary to the mandatory evaluations of the EU Research Framework Programmes. A Steering Group of independent external experts accompanied the preparation of the report and helped to carry out the analysis in an objective way. Over the last 20 years the JRC has built up a specialised laboratory infrastructure to validate procedures for detecting and measuring the concentration of GMOs in food and feed, to harmonise the tests and verification methods, and to produce the necessary reference materials for the various methods. Since 2003 it operates the designated EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) for GMOs, implementing the necessary verification tasks through the European Network of GMO Laboratories (ENGL). The report puts well in evidence the JRC's experience to establish a network of European laboratories to support EU food and- feed regulations using sophisticated DNA-based test methods. The report presents as most important impacts: The existence of a technical infrastructure in the EU that allows harmonised implementation of GMO legislation and regulations, including the availability of certified reference materials ; EU-wide agreed coexistence measures in national legislation to avoid the unintended presence of GMOs in conventional and organic crops based on objective data concerning the socio-economic aspects of GMOs ; the technical clarification of the EU zero-tolerance policy; an impact of which the history is elaborated in the case study in the report -- EU Bookshop.
Eu Policy Making On Gmos
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Author : Mihalis Kritikos
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-02
Eu Policy Making On Gmos written by Mihalis Kritikos and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-02 with Political Science categories.
This book examines the development and implementation of the EU’s legislative framework on the commercial release of GMO products as a case study of social regulation operating within a predominantly technical framework. The analysis and findings are based on an extensive documentary analysis and interviews with regulators, risk assessors, public interest groups and biotechnology experts at the national and European levels. It argues that in the case of the EU biotechnology framework, the particular institutional settings created for the formulation and interpretation of its provisions have been of decisive importance in elaborating a proceduralised ‘science-based’ prior authorization scheme as the preferred framework for granting commercial permits. This interdisciplinary work will appeal to EU lawyers, decision-makers and risk managers as well as academics working in the fields of EU studies, politics, law, risk governance sociology of science/risk and technology assessment. The book is based on a PhD thesis that was awarded with the 2008 UACES Prize for the Best Thesis in European Studies in Europe and with the EPEES 1st Prize for the Best Thesis written by a Greek Researcher between 2004 and 2008.
Eu Regulation Of Gmos
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Author : Maria Lee
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Eu Regulation Of Gmos written by Maria Lee and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Science categories.
Lee s book is a valuable addition to the literature for those wishing to broaden their understanding of the range of legal disciplines involved in GMO regulation. Tracey Epps, European Review of Agricultural Economics Maria Lee s work is a successful attempt to illustrate the big legal issues behind the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This study, which is thorough and well documented, is particularly welcomed in view of the need for a dialogue between different legal specialisms for which GMOs are a relevant area of research. . . [The] book provides a very interesting and insightful examination of the legal problems raised by GMOs. I would warmly recommend its reading to academics and practitioners who are interested in European risk regulation law, environmental law, biotechnology and trade law. Sara Poli, European Law Review Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are an extraordinary innovation. They raise great expectations of economic prosperity and improved capacity to address pressing problems of poverty and environmental degradation, whilst simultaneously raising great concerns about the type of social and physical world they promise. Finding space in regulation to consider the full range of issues provoked by GMOs is a huge challenge. This book explores the EU s elaborate regulatory framework for GMOs, which extends far beyond the process of their authorisation (or not) for the EU market, embracing disparate legal disciplines including intellectual property, consumer protection and civil liability. The regulation of GMOs also highlights questions of EU legitimacy in a context of multi-level governance, both internally towards national and local government, and externally in a world where technologies and their regulation have global impacts. This book will be of interest to academics and students in both law and social sciences, as well as practising lawyers and policy makers. It addresses questions that are significant for those involved in environmental or food issues, as well as specialists in GMOs.
The Eu Legislation On Gmos
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Author : Damien Plan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Eu Legislation On Gmos written by Damien Plan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Genetically modified foods categories.
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are officially defined in the European legislation as "organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination". The application of this technology is strictly regulated, and the European Union (EU) has established an extensive legal framework on GMOs since the early 1990s. The entire corpus of EU legislation on GMOs has been amended between 2000 and 2003, leading to the creation of a whole updated EU legal framework on GMOs as of 2003.A key objective of the EU legislation on GMOs is to protect human and animal health as well as the environment. A genetically modified organism (GMO) or a food or feed product derived from a GMO can only be placed on the EU market after it has been authorised, on the basis of a stringent EU procedure based on a scientific assessment of the risks to health and to the environment. The EU legislation on GMOs also aims at providing information to EU consumers through mandatory GM labeling of food and feed products containing, consisting of or produced from GMOs. The GMO analysis plays a key role in the implementation of the EU legislation on GMOs, be it to ensure appropriate labeling of approved GMO products or to detect the possible presence of unapproved GMOs on the market. The present report provides an overview of the key provisions of this extensive EU legislation on GMOs. It also includes copy of the key EU regulatory texts on GMO. (EU Bookshop website).
Biotechnology Regulation And Gmos
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Author : Naveen Thayyil
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2014-03-28
Biotechnology Regulation And Gmos written by Naveen Thayyil and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-28 with Law categories.
This thoughtful book explores how EU law treats serious disagreements about the development and use of a radically new technology like genetic modification. Relevant EU laws are examined to analyse the room available, or possible, for public participat
Report On The Use Of Eu Reference Methods And Jrc Decision Tools For Gmo Analysis
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Report On The Use Of Eu Reference Methods And Jrc Decision Tools For Gmo Analysis written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
To ensure harmonised scientific and technical approaches for GMO detection the European Union Reference Laboratory for GM Food and Feed (EURL GMFF) at the Joint Research Centre (JRC) has developed a freely accessible database, called "GMOMETHODS" providing a state-of-the-art catalogue of EU reference methods for GMO analysis. The EURL GMFF launched in 2015 a survey to assess the use of these EU reference methods by the official GMO control laboratories in the EU and to collect information on non-EU reference methods possibly employed for the same purpose. The survey aimed also to verify if, and to which extent, laboratories use two decision supporting tools, the JRC GMO-Matrix and Event-Finder which are available on the web site of the EURL GMFF. The survey was also directed to verify the types and frequencies of modifications possibly implemented in the protocols of the validated methods used by the official control laboratories. Results from the survey indicate that almost all official control laboratories (98 %) are using eventspecific EU reference methods for quantifying GMOs while a lower number of laboratories is using EU reference methods for qualitative analyses (55 % for element-specific methods and 40 % for construct-specific methods). The use of qualitative non-EU reference methods for screening purposes may reflect the laboratory needs when facing rapid alert emergencies of quickly implementing analytical strategies for detecting non-authorised GM events. Indeed genetically modified crops have continued to increase globally, both in terms of approval status and event/trait diversification. In those cases methods validated in collaborative studies and having the status of EU-reference methods are generally not yet available. In the survey close to half of the respondents (41 %-47 %) declared also to employ to different extents the two JRC decision supporting tools, GMO-Matrix and Event-Finder. Interestingly the survey shows that almost half of the protocols of the reference methods used by the laboratories are somewhat adapted to laboratory specific conditions, mainly with respect to the master mix and the reaction volume of the polymerase chain reactions (PCR) while the primers and probes are never modified. In all cases, the impact of these modifications had been verified by the control laboratory to ensure the equivalence between the adapted and the original protocols. Without such proof, the laboratory would lose its mandatory accreditation. Moreover, participants in Comparative Testing schemes have achieve generally high score performance using those adapted methods suggesting that the modifications implemented do not affect analytical sensitivity, trueness and precision of the original protocols. The outcome of the 2015 survey reveals therefore that the combined efforts of the EURL GMFF and ENGL have been successful for enhancing harmonisation in quantitative GMO analysis by the adoption of scientific and technical approaches. This achievement allows the consistency of results for GM labelling and an equal-level playing field in the EU Member States.
The Regulation Of Genetically Modified Organisms
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Author : Luc Bodiguel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Regulation Of Genetically Modified Organisms written by Luc Bodiguel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
The regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) continues to generate controversy. On the one hand, they are actively promoted by the biotechnology industry as vital to ensuring food security. Yet, on the other hand, consumer resistance persists, not least in the European Union, and such lack of confidence extends not just to GM food itself but also to the regulatory regime, where legal issues are inextricably linked with economics and politics. This edited collection provides a novel contribution to the ongoing debate, recognizing that the legislative environment is complicated by forces as varied as national public opinion and world trade commitments. The book is divided into four parts. The first of these addresses the influence in this context of both civil society and economic imperatives. The second part is directed more specifically to the measures that have been implemented in the European Union, considering multi-level governance, wider aspects of food law, co-existence with conventional and organic crops, and environmental liability. The third part is comparative in focus, with chapters covering the diverse regimes implemented in Africa, Australia, North America and South America. The book concludes with chapters on world trade and international considerations, including analysis of the Biotech case.
When Cooperation Fails
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Author : Mark A. Pollack
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-05-21
When Cooperation Fails written by Mark A. Pollack and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-21 with Political Science categories.
The transatlantic dispute over genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has brought into conflict the United States and the European Union, two long-time allies and economically interdependent democracies with a long record of successful cooperation. Yet the dispute - pitting a largely acceptant US against an EU deeply suspicious of GMOs - has developed into one of the most bitter and intractable transatlantic and global conflicts, resisting efforts at negotiated resolution and resulting in a bitterly contested legal battle before the World Trade Organization. Professors Pollack and Shaffer investigate the obstacles to reconciling regulatory differences among nations through international cooperation, using the lens of the GMO dispute. The book addresses the dynamic interactions of domestic law and politics, transnational networks, international regimes, and global markets, through a theoretically grounded and empirically comprehensive analysis of the governance of GM foods and crops. They demonstrate that the deeply politicized, entrenched and path-dependent nature of the regulation of GMOs in the US and the EU has fundamentally shaped negotiations and decision-making at the international level, limiting the prospects for deliberation and providing incentives for both sides to engage in hard bargaining and to "shop" for favorable international forums. They then assess the impacts, and the limits, of international pressures on domestic US and European law, politics and business practice, which have remained strikingly resistant to change. International cooperation in areas like GMO regulation, the authors conclude, must overcome multiple obstacles, legal and political, domestic and international. Any effective response to this persistent dispute, they argue, must recognize both the obstacles to successful cooperation, and the options that remain for each side when cooperation fails.
Scientific And Technical Contribution To The Development Of An Overall Health Strategy In The Area Of Gmos
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Author : European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Health and Consumer Protection
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Scientific And Technical Contribution To The Development Of An Overall Health Strategy In The Area Of Gmos written by European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Health and Consumer Protection and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
"The present report is the outcome of Project "Scientific and technical contribution to the development of an overall health strategy in the area of GMOs" carried out by the Biotechnology & GMOs Unit of the Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (Joint Research Centre) in the frame of contract CT 30249, requested by the European Parliament Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. The study provides current knowledge on the issue and up-to-date opinions of experts on the assessment of the potential short, medium and long term health impact associated with the consumption of GMOs. In addition, it contains the outcome of a research component that lead to the development of a multi-target analytical tool for the simultaneous identification of 39 GMOs." -- Editor.