Impact Of Climate Change On Urban Water Consumption
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Impact Of Climate Change On Urban Water Consumption
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Author : Niousha Rasifaghihi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Impact Of Climate Change On Urban Water Consumption written by Niousha Rasifaghihi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Smart cities need a sustainable plan and management of urban water consumption (UWC). A reliable long-term forecast of UWC is one of the key tasks to ensure water security and to achieve a balance between future water demand and supply. Long-term forecasts of UWC inevitably contain uncertainties. The uncertainties can associate with: 1) historical data of UWC; 2) existing observations of hydrological/climate variables as potential drivers of UWC; 3) the dependence of UWC on the potential drivers; and 4) projections of future climate change. The purpose of this research is to improve our understanding of the climate-change impact on UWC and of feasible ways to handle the foregoing uncertainties. Specifically, this research seeks answers to two key questions: 1) What quantity of water will be needed in the long-term? 2) To what extent will long-term UWC be affected by climate change? This research took the probabilistic approach to the problem of UWC forecast and made an application to the City of Brossard in the Greater Montreal metropolitan area. The methodologies involve Bayesian statistics as well as cluster analyses, which are a frequently used technique in machine learning. The analyses were performed on multiple year records of daily water consumption (DWC) in the city as well as field measurements of climate variables from the Montreal area. The analyses produced results of decomposed base water consumption (BWC) and seasonal water consumption (SWC). The DWC time-series was shown to have a transition from BWC to SWC at a threshold air temperature. The BWC was independent of climate change but subject to weekend effects, being higher on a weekend than weekdays. The SWC was a function of daily minimum air temperature, daily maximum air-temperature, and daily total precipitation. The SWC forecasts allowed for inherent uncertainties in climate variables. Markov Chain Monte Carlo was used as a sampling method in approximating the posterior distribution of regression parameters. The results from Bayesian linear regression gave a probability distribution of DWC. To quantify the impact of climate change on UWC, future projections of air temperature and precipitation were obtained from 21 General Circulation Models and downscaled for the city. The downscaled daily air temperature and precipitation corresponded to two scenarios of levels of greenhouse gas concentrations. Using quantile mapping methods, bias corrections were made to the downscaled daily minimum temperature, daily maximum temperature and daily total precipitation. These data gave input to the Bayesian linear regression model and produced SWC forecasts for the next three decades. The SWC was shown to display a positive trend over time in response to changing climate. The methodologies discussed in this thesis can be applied to other cities, producing results useful for upgrade and/or construction planning of water supply infrastructures.
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use
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Author : Trevor C. Hughes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use written by Trevor C. Hughes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Climatic changes categories.
Urban Water Security
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Author : Robert C. Brears
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2017-01-17
Urban Water Security written by Robert C. Brears and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In the 21st Century, the world will see an unprecedented migration of people moving from rural to urban areas. With global demand for water projected to outstrip supply in the coming decades, cities will likely face water insecurity as a result of climate change and the various impacts of urbanisation. Traditionally, urban water managers have relied on large-scale, supply-side infrastructural projects to meet increased demands for water; however, these projects are environmentally, economically and politically costly. Urban Water Security argues that cities need to transition from supply-side to demand-side management to achieve urban water security. This book provides readers with a series of in-depth case studies of leading developed cities, of differing climates, incomes and lifestyles from around the world, that have used demand management tools to modify the attitudes and behaviour of water users in an attempt to achieve urban water security. Urban Water Security will be of particular interest to town and regional planners, water conservation managers and policymakers, international companies and organisations with large water footprints, environmental and water NGOs, researchers, graduate and undergraduate students.
Modeling The Impact Of Climate Change On Urban Water Demand
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Author : Yu-Ming Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Modeling The Impact Of Climate Change On Urban Water Demand written by Yu-Ming Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Climatic changes categories.
Understanding And Managing Urban Water In Transition
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Author : Quentin Grafton
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-06
Understanding And Managing Urban Water In Transition written by Quentin Grafton and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book examines changes and transitions in the way water is managed in urban environments. This book originated from a joint French-Australian initiative on water and land management held in Montpellier, France. The book delivers practical insights into urban water management. It links scientific insights of researchers with the practical experiences of urban water practitioners to understand and respond to key trends in how urban water is supplied, treated and consumed. The 51 contributors to the volume provide a range of insights, case studies, summaries and analyses of urban water and from a global perspective. The first section on water supply and sanitation includes case studies from Zimbabwe, France and South Africa, among others. Water demand and water economics are addressed in the second section of the book, with chapters on long-term water demand forecasting, the social determinants of water consumption in Australian cities, a study of water quality and consumption in France, governance and regulation of the urban water sector and more. The third section explores water governance and integrated management, with chapters on water management in Quebec, in the Rotterdam-Rijnmond urban area, in Singapore and in Australia. The final section offers perspectives on challenges and future uncertainties for urban water systems in transition. Collectively, the diverse insights provide an important step forward in response to the challenges of sustainably delivering water safely, efficiently and equitably.
Climate Change And The Sustainable Use Of Water Resources
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Author : Walter Leal Filho
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-09-29
Climate Change And The Sustainable Use Of Water Resources written by Walter Leal Filho and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The book explores the geo-chemical, physical, social and economic impacts of climate change on water supplies. It contains examples and case studies from a wide range of countries, and addresses the need to promote sustainable water use across the world.
Assessment Framework For Urban Water Security
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Author : Hassan Tolba Aboelnga
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2021-01-01
Assessment Framework For Urban Water Security written by Hassan Tolba Aboelnga and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Urban water security is crucial for achieving sustainable development, peace, and human health and well-being. Framing urban water security is challenging due to the complexity and uncertainty of its definition and assessment framework. Several studies have assessed water security in widely divergent ways by granting priority indicators equal weight without considering or adapting to local conditions. This dissertation develops a new urban water security definition and assessment framework applicable to water scarce cities, with a focus on Madaba, Jordan. It takes a novel and systematic approach to assessing urban water security and culminates in integrated urban water security index (IUWSI) as a diagnostic tool and guide management actions. The dissertation suggests a new working definition of urban water security based on the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 6.1 on safe drinking water for all and the human rights on water and sanitation as follows: The dynamic capacity of water systems and stakeholders to safeguard sustainable and equitable access to water of adequate quantity and acceptable quality that is continuously, physically and legally available at an affordable cost for sustaining livelihoods, human well-being and socioeconomic development, ensuring protection against waterborne pollution and water-related disasters, and for preserving ecosystems in a climate of peace and political stability. This proposed definition captures issues at the urban level of technical, environmental and socioeconomic indicators that emphasize credibility, legitimacy and salience. The assessment framework establishes a criteria hierarchy, consisting of four main dimensions to achieve urban water security: drinking water and human well-being, ecosystem, climate change and water-related hazards and socioeconomic aspects (together, DECS). The framework enables the analysis of relationships and trade-offs between urbanization, water security and DECS indicators. The dissertation also provides a structured analysis to understand how urban water is managed in intermittent water supply system, by conducting a water balance analysis after quantifying the components of water losses in Madaba’s water distribution network. The findings showed that Madaba's non-revenue water (NRW) amounted to annual loss of about 3.5 million m3, corresponding to financial losses of 2.8 million USD to the utility, of which 1.7 million USD is the cost of real losses. The dissertation provided an intervention strategy for strengthening infrastructure resilience and reducing leakage via the infrastructure, repair, economic, awareness and pressure (IREAP) framework. The IREAP framework provides a robust strategy to shift intermittent water supply (IWS) into continuous water supply. The IUWSI highlighted the state of water security in Madaba, Jordan and identified the means of implementation to move towards achieving urban water security based on the priorities for Madaba. The drinking water and human wellbeing dimension was the most important priority, receiving a weight of 66.22%, followed by ecosystem (17.15%), socioeconomic aspects (10.18%), and climate change and water-related hazards (6.45%) dimensions. The IUWSI indicated that the urban water security in Madaba is reasonable with a score of 2.5/5 and can meet the minimum requirements in several dimensions, but nonetheless, it has many loopholes to cover. Gaps are clear in the climate change and water-related hazards, and socioeconomic dimensions with scores of 1.6/5 and 2.237/5 respectively. Additionally, specific shortcomings are found in indicators such as water availability, reliability, diversity, and public health. The IUWSI framework assists with a rational and evidence-based decision-making process, which is important for enhancing water resource management in water-scarce cities
Reconsidering The Impact Of Climate Change On Global Water Supply Use And Management
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Author : Rao, Prakash
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2016-11-04
Reconsidering The Impact Of Climate Change On Global Water Supply Use And Management written by Rao, Prakash and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-04 with Science categories.
Changes in the planet’s climate in recent years have led to significant impacts on natural resources and ecosystems. New strategies must be adopted in order to support the protection and continued development of numerous natural resources. Reconsidering the Impact of Climate Change on Global Water Supply, Use, and Management is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly material on the relationship between global climate changes and the planet’s water ecosystems. Highlighting relevant environmental, social, and economic issues, this book is ideally designed for academics, researchers, policy makers, students, and practitioners interested in the impacts of climate change on global water resources.
Climate Change And Water
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Author : Carol Howe
language : en
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Release Date : 2010
Climate Change And Water written by Carol Howe and has been published by IWA Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Science categories.
Professionals are sure to understand the effects of climate change on urban water and wastewater utilities with this collection of international scientific papers. Case studies and practical planning, mitigating, and adapting information are provided on greenhouse gases, energy use, and water supply and quality issues.
Urbanization Under A Changing Climate
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Author : Jianxun He
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-06-18
Urbanization Under A Changing Climate written by Jianxun He and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In response to the increasing urbanization, advances in the science of urban hydrology have improved urban water system management, creating more livable cities in which public safety and health, as well as the environment, are protected. The ultimate goal of urban water management is to mimic the hydrological cycle prior to urbanization. On top of urbanization, climate change, which has been demonstrated to alter the hydrological cycle in all respects, has introduced additional challenges to managing urban water systems. To mitigate and adapt to urbanization under a changing climate, understanding key hydrologic components should expand to include complex issues brought forth by climate change. Thus, effective and efficient measures can be formulated. This Special Issue of Water presents a variety of research papers that span a range of spatial and temporal scales of relevance in different societies’ efforts in adapting to the eminent changes in climate and the continuous changes in the landscape. From mitigating water quality in permeable pavements and bioretention swales to understanding changes in groundwater recharge in large regions, this Special Issue examines the state-of-the-art in sustainable urban design for adaptation and resiliency.