Implantable Devices For A Retinal Prosthesis Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Effects
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Implantable Devices For A Retinal Prosthesis
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Author : Vinit Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Implantable Devices For A Retinal Prosthesis written by Vinit Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Keywords: FDTD, Finite-Difference methods, Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI), biomedical implants.
Implantable Devices For A Retinal Prosthesis Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Effects
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Implantable Devices For A Retinal Prosthesis Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Effects written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
A retinal prosthesis, wherein electrical stimulation is provided to the retina of a person inflicted with outer retinal degenerative diseases such as Retinitis Pigmentosa and Age-related Macular degeneration, has been clinically tested and has succeeded in providing limited vision; such as shape recognition. It is hoped that an increased electrode count will improve visual acuity. The retinal prosthesis considered in this work is a dual-unit system with an external (outside the human body) unit and an internal (inside the body) unit with a wireless link for power and data transfer between them. Such a system poses possible health risks due to the incident electromagnetic energy of the wireless link and the power dissipated by the internal components, particularly the processing chip which drives the electrodes responsible for eliciting a neural response from the retina. Tissue damage via heating is one the primary concerns for such a system making it necessary to obtain via simulation and in-vivo and in-vitro experiments, accurate estimates of thermal elevation due to the operation of the such devices. In this work, numerical methods have been developed to compute temperature increases and electromagnetic effects due to the prosthesis components in anatomically correct human head models. The explicit and the Alternating-Direction Implicit (ADI) Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) have been used. Further, a hybrid explicit-ADI method was developed for the heat equation which provided simulation speedup of more than 10x over conventional methods for the models considered. FDTD methods were employed to compute the induced current densities and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the human head due the inductive link comprising the primary coil (external) and a secondary coil (internal). Different orientations of the primary coil were considered in a frequency range of 1 MHz-20 MHz to provide guidelines for choosing eventual frequency and power parameters to conform to i.
The Architecture Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Modeling Of A Retinal Prosthesis To Benefit The Visually Impaired
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Architecture Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Modeling Of A Retinal Prosthesis To Benefit The Visually Impaired written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
This dissertation describes the design and study of a retinal prosthesis for individuals who have suffered loss of vision from degeneration of the outer retina. Retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration lead to blindness through progressive loss of retinal photoreceptors. Experiments reveal that direct electrical stimulation of remaining ganglion cells in degenerate retina elicits visual percepts in blind RP/AMD patients. This motivates research toward the development of a retinal prosthesis system involving an implantable stimulator microchip to compensate the defective photoreceptors. Many prostheses do not reside fully inside the body, but consist of an implantable stimulation unit and an external unit. This underscores a need in the retinal prosthesis to deliver power and support high-speed bi-directional communication with the implant wirelessly. The current progress in the types of non-invasive connections to bio-implants is reviewed as it relates to the power and communication needs of prostheses. The extraocular unit is a hardware-reconfigurable system based on FPGA technology which produces real-time instructions for the implantable micro-stimulator IC. The current retinal stimulator IC is designed to provide electrical stimulation to the remaining ganglion cells of post-degenerative retina. Also described is a design technique to significantly reduce the on-chip area of the stimulus circuits. This yields more output channels per chip area, thereby raising the stimulation resolution. Temperature elevation in the eye and head tissues associated with the retinal prosthesis is studied. A high resolution 2D human head and eye model is developed at 0.25mm spatial resolution with associated dielectric and thermal properties suitable for numerical simulations. The Finite Difference Time domain method (FDTD) with material independent absorbing boundary conditions is used to predict the specific absorption rate (SAR) induced from electromagnetic expo.
The Architecture Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Modeling Of A Retinal Prosthesis To Benefit The Visually Impaired
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Author : Stephen Christopher DeMarco
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Architecture Design And Electromagnetic And Thermal Modeling Of A Retinal Prosthesis To Benefit The Visually Impaired written by Stephen Christopher DeMarco and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Keywords: Retinal stimulator microchip, Visual Prosthesis, Retinal prosthesis.
Artificial Retina Project
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Artificial Retina Project written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
This award supported the investigation on electromagnetic and thermal effects associated with the artificial retina, designed in collaboration with national laboratories, universities, and private companies. Our work over the two years of support under this award has focused mainly on 1) Design of new telemetry coils for optimal power and data transfer between the implant and the external device while achieving a significant size reduction with respect to currently used coils; 2) feasibility study of the virtual electrode configuration 3) study the effect of pulse shape and duration on the stimulation efficacy.
Indwelling Neural Implants
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Author : William M. Reichert
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-12-17
Indwelling Neural Implants written by William M. Reichert and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-17 with Medical categories.
Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel
Handbook Of Neuroengineering
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Author : Nitish V. Thakor
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-02-02
Handbook Of Neuroengineering written by Nitish V. Thakor and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference book in the field of Neuroengineering. Neuroengineering is a very exciting field that is rapidly getting established as core subject matter for research and education. The Neuroengineering field has also produced an impressive array of industry products and clinical applications. It also serves as a reference book for graduate students, research scholars and teachers. Selected sections or a compendium of chapters may be used as “reference book” for a one or two semester graduate course in Biomedical Engineering. Some academicians will construct a “textbook” out of selected sections or chapters. The Handbook is also meant as a state-of-the-art volume for researchers. Due to its comprehensive coverage, researchers in one field covered by a certain section of the Handbook would find other sections valuable sources of cross-reference for information and fertilization of interdisciplinary ideas. Industry researchers as well as clinicians using neurotechnologies will find the Handbook a single source for foundation and state-of-the-art applications in the field of Neuroengineering. Regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, investors and legal experts can use the Handbook as a reference for their professional work as well.
Neural Computation Neural Devices And Neural Prosthesis
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Author : Zhi Yang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-04-15
Neural Computation Neural Devices And Neural Prosthesis written by Zhi Yang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-15 with Medical categories.
In the past decades, interdisciplinary investigations overlapping biology, medicine, information science, and engineering have formed a very exciting and active field that attracts scientists, medical doctors, and engineers with knowledge in different domains. A few examples of such investigations include neural prosthetic implants that aim to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from neurologic disease and injury; brain machine interfaces that sense, analyze, and translate electrical signals from the brain to build closed-loop, biofeedback systems; and fundamental studies of intelligence, cognitive functions, and psychological behaviors correlated to their neurological basis. Although this interdisciplinary area is still in its infancy, it can potentially create some of the most significant impact: treating diseases that are considered untreatable, interpretation and communication of neuron ensembles, or even a revolutionary perception and understanding of life different from philosophical or immaterial approaches. Fortunately, several academic societies recognize the value and impact of this growing field, firmly supporting related research. Such support will drive a booming future in the next twenty or thirty years. Research in this area is frequently project-driven, and the generated knowledge has been scattered in different fields of neuroscience, computation, material and technology, circuits and system, clinical reports, and psychology—the scope considerably across the boundary of traditionally defined disciplines. Neural Computation, Neural Devices, and Neural Prosthesis is intended to assemble such knowledge, from there suggesting a systematic approach guiding future educational and research activities. The targeted audience includes both students and researchers.
4th International Workshop On Wearable And Implantable Body Sensor Networks Bsn 2007
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Author : Steffen Leonhardt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-04
4th International Workshop On Wearable And Implantable Body Sensor Networks Bsn 2007 written by Steffen Leonhardt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book contains papers from the International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks, BSN 2007, held in March 2007 at the University Hospital Aachen, Germany. Topics covered in the volume include new medical measurements, smart bio-sensing textiles, low-power wireless networking, system integration, medical signal processing, multi-sensor data fusion, and on-going standardization activities.
Artificial Sight
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Author : Mark S. Humayun
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-30
Artificial Sight written by Mark S. Humayun and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-30 with Science categories.
This book describes advances in implantable neural stimulation technology to restore partial sight to people who are blind from retinal degnerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retintis pigmentosa. Many scientific, engineering, and surgical challenges must be surmounted before widespread practical applications can be realized. The book summarizes the state of research and clinical practice in the field and reviews the current ideas and approaches of its leading researchers and practitioners.