Improving The Performance Of Winter Wheat Planted After Grain Sorghum In No Till Systems
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Improving The Performance Of Winter Wheat Planted After Grain Sorghum In No Till Systems
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Author : Joshua D. Jennings
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Improving The Performance Of Winter Wheat Planted After Grain Sorghum In No Till Systems written by Joshua D. Jennings and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Previous research has revealed that winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields are often reduced following grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] compared to wheat after other summer crops. The objectives of the study were to: (a) evaluate grain sorghum residue management strategies to improve the performance of a following winter wheat crop in no-till systems; (b) determine grain sorghum hybrid characteristics that facilitate planting wheat following grain sorghum, and identify winter wheat cultivars that are suitable for planting after grain sorghum; (c) evaluate effect of environment, sampling time, and grain sorghum hybrid plant pigmentation on phenolic acid concentration in sorghum residues. Experiments were conducted in environments suitable for planting winter wheat following a summer crop. Treatments for objective one were: glyphosate (pre-harvest application, post-harvest, none), residue (removed, chopped, left standing), and nitrogen (34 kg ha−1 applied to residue, none). Treatments for objective two and three were grain sorghum hybrids representing three maturities (early, medium, medium-late) and two plant pigmentations (red, tan), wheat cultivars occupying significant planted acreage and having favorable performance within the region. Wheat yields increased in two environments by 217 and 630 kg ha−1 when glyphosate was applied to the sorghum pre-harvest. Residue chopping or removal either had no effect or a negative effect on wheat yields compared to residue left standing. Nitrogen applied to the sorghum residue increased wheat yields in only one environment. Grain sorghum hybrid characteristics did not influence winter wheat yields in any environment, but winter wheat cultivar did influence grain yields of the winter wheat in three of the four environments. Breakdown of phenolic acids depended on environment. Results for these studies indicate that wheat yield after a grain sorghum crop can be maximized by planting a red-pigmented sorghum hybrid of an early or medium maturity, desiccating the sorghum crop with pre-harvest glyphosate if it can be applied to the sorghum roughly 45 to 50 days before a frost, and with a wheat cultivar that is well suited to no-till planting.
Grain Sorghum Response To Cover Crops Under A No Till System
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Author : Matthew Nielsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Grain Sorghum Response To Cover Crops Under A No Till System written by Matthew Nielsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Cover crops (CCs) are included in rotations between cash crops for many reasons, including reducing erosion, compaction, and sequestering nutrients for optimal crop performance. The objectives of this study were to i) determine the effects of increasing cropping system intensity on CC biomass accumulation, C:N ratio, and residual inorganic profile nitrogen and ii) determine how intensity effects sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) growth, development, and yield in a no-till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sorghum, soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four treatments: chemical fallow (CF), double-crop soybeans (DSB), double-crop soybeans plus a spring cover crop before sorghum (DSBCC), and a summer cover crop mixture after wheat (CCMIX). Nitrogen (N) rates consisting of 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 pounds acre−1 were subsurface banded after sorghum planting. Sorghum growth and development were characterized by Canopeo (percent canopy cover) and GreenSeeker (NDVI), from seedling through boot stages, by recording days from planting to half bloom, and by chlorphyll readings (SPAD) at half bloom or early grain fill. Sorghum biomass was sampled after physiological maturity to determine N uptake and yield components. Averaged over three years, summer and fall growth of CCMIX produced the greatest biomass at more than 2,000 pounds acre−1 and had the greatest C:N ratio compared to DSBCC and CCMIX sampled in the spring. Residual inorganic profile N at sorghum planting, when averaged over years, was roughly 26 pounds acre−1 and 13 pounds acre−1 less after DSBCC and CCMIX, respectively compared to after CF and DSB. Including a spring cover crop before sorghum (DSBCC) consistently reduced vegetative growth and development of sorghum.Sorghum growth response to CCMIX was inconsistent depending on year. In 2018, when there was no winter survival of the cover crop, sorghum growth after CCMIX was not different from CF. The CCMIX treatment reduced sorghum SPAD values by 6% and 7% in 2017 and 2019, respectively, and N uptake by 41 and 27 pounds acre−1 in 2017 and 2019, respectively. The spring cover crop immediately before sorghum planting (DSBCC) reduced sorghum biomass by 9% (2017) and 27% (2018) compared to CF, though CF was not different from DSB and CCMIX. In 2019, DSBCC was not different from CF, and sorghum after DSB had 10% greater biomass yield than sorghum after DSBCC. Sorghum grain yield was reduced by more than 50% after DSBCC in 2018 compared to CF, though CF, DSB, and CCMIX were not different. In 2019, sorghum grain yields after CF, DSBCC, and CCMIX were not different, and sorghum after DSB had the greatest yields, 7% more than DSBCC. Including double crop or cover crop in a no-till cropping system slowed early-seasoon growth and development and reduced N uptake of the subsequent sorghum crop but had minimal impact on grain yield with adequate weather conditions. However, a spring-planted CC with substantial biomass accumulation immediately before sorghum planting substantially reduced sorghum yield when spring rainfall was below normal.
Tillage Practices And Nitrogen Rates Influenced Wheat And Sorghum Yield And Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Long Term Dryland Wheat Sorghum Rotation System
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Author : Mosaed Abdullah Majrashi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Tillage Practices And Nitrogen Rates Influenced Wheat And Sorghum Yield And Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Long Term Dryland Wheat Sorghum Rotation System written by Mosaed Abdullah Majrashi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
A major challenge for agronomists is developing cropping systems that exhibit superior performance across variable environmental conditions. Long-term field research trials provide a direct measure of the effect of environmental conditions within the context of treatment effects. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown base crop in dryland systems of the semiarid central Great Plains, but grain yields are limited by nitrogen (N) and soil water availability. The goal of this research was to assess long-term cropping systems of winter wheat-grain sorghum-fallow in dryland. The focus was to determine the effect of three tillage practices and rates of N fertilization rates effects on the efficiency of the management system and grain yields for 2015-2018, and evaluate the yield stability for both crops in a 53-year-old crop rotation and fertility experiment. In the first study we evaluated the long-term effects of three different tillage practices and four N fertilizer rates on grain yield, protein content, and N use efficiency indices of winter wheat and grain sorghum in 2015-2018. The experiment was conducted on a long-term plot initiated in 1965 in Hays, KS as a split-split-plot arrangement of rotation, tillage, and N fertilizer treatments with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The main plots were the crop phase (winter wheat, grain sorghum, or fallow), sub-plots were three tillage treatments [conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-tillage (NT)]. The sub-sub-plots were four N rates (0, 22, 45, and 67 kg N ha−1) later modified in the 2015 growing season to 0, 45, 90, and 134 kg ha−1. Results showed tillage × N rate interaction had no significant (P = 0.608) effect on grain yield. Year × tillage and year × N rate had significant (P
Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed
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Author : Andy Clark
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2008-07
Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed written by Andy Clark and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Corn And Grain Sorghum Comparison
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Author : Yared Assefa
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-12-16
Corn And Grain Sorghum Comparison written by Yared Assefa and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Corn and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor L) are among the top cereal crops world wide, and both are key for global food security. Similarities between the two crops, particularly their adaptation for warm-season grain production, pose an opportunity for comparisons to inform appropriate cropping decisions. This book provides a comprehensive review of the similarities and differences between corn and grain sorghum. It compares corn and sorghum crops in areas such as morphology, physiology, phenology, yield, resource use and efficiency, and impact of both crops in different cropping systems. Producers, researchers and extension agents in search of reliable scientific information will find this in-depth comparison of crops with potential fit in dryland and irrigations cropping systems particularly valuable. Presents a wide range of points of comparison Offers important insights for crop decision making
Bibliography Of Agriculture
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Bibliography Of Agriculture written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Agriculture categories.
Grassland Productivity And Ecosystem Services
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Author : Gilles Lemaire
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2011
Grassland Productivity And Ecosystem Services written by Gilles Lemaire and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Electronic books categories.
Grassland ecosystems are deeply affected by human activities and need appropriate management to optimise trade-offs between ecosystem functions and services. Until now they have mainly been analysed as agro-ecosystems for animal production but this book looks beyond the role of grassland as a feeding ground, and evaluates other important processes such as carbon sequestration in soils, greenhouse gas regulation and biodiversity protection. This authoritative volume expertly highlights the need for an immediate balance between agriculture and ecological management for sustainability in the futu.
Soil Survey
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Soil Survey written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Soil surveys categories.
Soil Survey Of Warrick County Indiana
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Author : Jerold L. Shively
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Soil Survey Of Warrick County Indiana written by Jerold L. Shively and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Soil surveys categories.
Weed Crop Competition
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Author : Robert L. Zimdahl
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2007-11-19
Weed Crop Competition written by Robert L. Zimdahl and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
For the past 20 years, the first edition of this text has been widely cited as authoritative academic reference. The latest edition continues the tradition set by the original book, and covers weed science research that has been published since 1980. This book aims to reduce the instance of research duplication—saving scientists and supporting institutions time and money. Not only does the second edition of Weed Crop Competition review, summarize, and combine current research; it critiques the research as well. This text has the potential to accelerate advancements in weed crop competition, which remains an important factor that affects crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to literature is often limited or nonexistent, will find the information in this text invaluable. Weed scientists, crop scientists, plant ecologists, sustainable agriculturists, and organic agriculturists will be well-pleased with this long overdue and much needed new editionWeed Crop Competition provides a unique reference that reviews, summarises and synthesizes the literature published concerning research on this topic. The first edition has been one of the most frequently cited sources in weed science for the past 20 years. The second edition covers the significant body of literature that has been published since 1980. Originally intended to survey existing research, the intent of the book is to reduce the instance of research duplication, thus saving scientists and their institutions time and money, and expediting advancements in weed crop competition, an important factor affecting crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to the literature is often limited or non-existent, find the information an invaluable resource. This long overdue and much needed new edition rejuvenates the tradition set by the original book.