Information Environmental Policy And Aquacultural Expansion
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Information Environmental Policy And Aquacultural Expansion
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Author : April Athnos
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Information Environmental Policy And Aquacultural Expansion written by April Athnos and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Private management of non-point sources of pollution is an important concept in economics. Regulators are often unable to trace pollutants to their origins and efforts to limit many disaggregated sources of pollution are costly and invasive. Wells and septic systems, common in the rural and suburban United States, represent privately-owned non-point water pollution sources when they fail to protect households and water resources. "Time of Sale or Transfer" (TOST) policies are gaining popularity across the state of Michigan and in other states across the country to require rigorous well and septic system evaluations at the time a house is sold. In cases where threats to public and environmental health are identified, Health Department administrators impose mandatory repair or replacement orders. Without a letter of Health Department approval, a house with a well or septic system cannot be legally transferred. Despite the growing traction of these policies, however, little is known about the effects of TOST program adoption on the housing market. In lieu of empirical evidence, many homeowners and policymakers in Michigan claim that the policies suppress house prices and argue against the instruments. My first essay addresses this empirical gap in the economic literature by estimating the causal impact of policy adoption on house values. I use an event study approach to compare regulated well and septic system homes to a set of neighboring controls just outside the regulation area. Results suggest that there is not a large, statistically significant price decline following policy adoption, with evidence indicating a price penalty no larger than 4 percent.The second essay analyzes the effect of TOST inspection resulting in Health Department required corrective actions. I motivate my empirical strategy with a model of negative TOST information shocks during the contract closing period of a house sale. The data for this essay are inspection-sale pairs constructed by combining county-level inspection records, housing transaction records, and property characteristics. I identify a house price penalty of about 7.5 percent to 10.5 percent after TOST adoption by using a hedonic price model with structural controls, spatial controls, and time fixed effects. These results are robust to a repeat sales model specification as well as an approach controlling for building quality with assessor-assigned grades. Further, there is no evidence of significant heterogeneity based on whether a well or septic system triggers mandatory corrective action, whether the problems identified are high- or low-risk, or which Health Department administers the program. In contrast, a quantile regression shows strong evidence of price impacts led by the low end of the house price spectrum. This suggests that the houses that fail at the highest rates also experience the largest price penalties and belong to homeowners least able to shoulder the costs. Regulators must consider the heterogeneity of these pecuniary effects when regulating externality-generating on-site water systems through the housing market.The third essay studies how to expand aquaculture production int he North Central Region (NCR). U.S. per capita seafood consumption stands at an all-time high due to population and income growth and consumer preference shifts toward healthy proteins. U.S. aquaculture, however, has not kept pace and imports serve most of the U.S. fish market. This study estimates willingness-to-pay (WTP) for several search and credence fish attributes using a hypothetical choice experiment of U.S. fish consumers. Search attributes, like prices, can be readily discerned by consumers before purchase while credence attributes, such as region of production, cannot be easily identified before or after purchase and require labels. Our study varied attributes and levels over three species historically produced in the North Central Region (NCR) but underrepresented in the literature---rainbow trout, yellow perch, and walleye. Using a random utility framework, we identify average price premia of $1.64/lb., $1.97/lb., and $0.84/lb. for an NCR-specific label, wild-caught label, and fresh fillet forms, respectively. We also estimate marginal WTP for trout, yellow perch, and walleye of $19.99/lb., $15.89/lb., and $17.37/lb., respectively. Our findings suggest that NCR aquaculture producers can expand by intensifying trout production while continuing to market yellow perch and walleye in the region. Nationally, an NCR-source label is not valued more than a wild-caught label, implying that overcoming consumers' aversion to farmed fish will require more than marketing fish as products of the NCR.
Aquaculture Law And Policy
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Author : Nigel Bankes
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-09-28
Aquaculture Law And Policy written by Nigel Bankes and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-28 with Law categories.
With aquaculture operations fast expanding around the world, the adequacy of aquaculture-related laws and policies has become a hot topic. This much-needed book provides a three-part guide to the complex regulatory landscape. The expert contributors first review the international legal dimensions, including chapters on law of the sea, trade, and access and benefit sharing. Part Two offers regional perspectives, discussing the EU and regional fisheries management organizations. The final part contains eleven case studies exploring how leading aquaculture producing countries have been putting sustainability principles into practice.
Offshore Marine Aquaculture
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Author : United States. Government Accountability Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Offshore Marine Aquaculture written by United States. Government Accountability Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Aquaculture categories.
U.S. aquaculture -- the raising of fish and shellfish in captivity -- has generally been confined to nearshore coastal waters or in other water bodies, such as ponds, that fall under state regulation. Recently, there has been an increased interest in expanding aquaculture to offshore waters, which would involve raising fish and shellfish in the open ocean, and consequently bringing these types of operations under federal regulation. While the offshore expansion has the potential to increase U.S. aquaculture production, no comprehensive legislative or regulatory framework to manage such an expansion exists. Instead, multiple federal agencies have authority to regulate different aspects of offshore aquaculture under a variety of existing laws that were not designed for this purpose. In this context, GAO was asked to identify key issues that should be addressed in the development of an effective regulatory framework for U.S. offshore aquaculture. In conducting its assessment, GAO administered a questionnaire to a wide variety of key aquaculture stakeholders; analyzed laws, regulations, and key studies; and visited states that regulate nearshore aquaculture industries. Although GAO is not making any recommendations, this review emphasizes the need to carefully consider a wide array of key issues as a regulatory framework for offshore aquaculture is developed. Agencies that provided official comments generally agreed with the report ...
Aquaculture In The Ecosystem
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Author : Marianne Holmer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-29
Aquaculture In The Ecosystem written by Marianne Holmer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-29 with Science categories.
This book provides a scientific forecast of development in aquaculture with a focus on the environmental, technological, social and economic constraints that need to be resolved to ensure sustainable development of the industry and allow the industry to be able to feed healthy seafood products to future generations. The chapters discuss the most critical bottlenecks of the development. They encompass subjects of understanding the environmental impacts, the current state-of-the-art in monitoring programs and in coastal zone management, the important interactions between wild and cultured organisms including release of non-native species into the wild.
Offshore Marine Aquaculture
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Author : Anu K. Mittal
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2008-10
Offshore Marine Aquaculture written by Anu K. Mittal and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10 with Law categories.
Aquaculture (AQ) -- the raising of fish and shellfish in captivity -- has been confined to near-shore coastal waters or in other water bodies that fall under state regulation. Recently, there has been interest in expanding AQ to offshore waters, which would involve raising fish and shellfish in the open ocean, and consequently bringing these types of operations under fed. regulation. No comprehensive legislative or regulatory framework to manage such an expansion exists. Instead, multiple federal agencies have authority to regulate different aspects of offshore AQ under a variety of laws. This report identifies key issues that should be addressed in the development of an effective regulatory framework for U.S. offshore AQ. Illus.
The Politics Of Aquaculture
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Author : Caitríona Carter
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-06-12
The Politics Of Aquaculture written by Caitríona Carter and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Aquaculture is increasingly complementing global fisheries and is relevant to ocean and freshwater health, biodiversity and food security, as well as coastal management, tourism and natural heritage. This book makes the case for treating the governance of this industry as meriting attention in its own right, abandoning the polemic discussions of fish farming and opening up new ways for debating its past, present and future. Developing and applying an original analytical framework for studying fish farming aquaculture, embedded into larger theory about the changing political system, the author generates and compares new data on the governance of aquaculture. Detailed case studies are presented of Scottish salmon, Aquitaine trout in France and seabass and seabream in Greece. The book shows how ecological issues are related to economic and social issues, as well as interdependences between territories, public and private regulation and different knowledge forms, demonstrating that these are creating alternative approaches for sustainability governance. It provides a deeper understanding of the political aspects of governing European aquaculture, including how it both is structured by and is structuring politics. It is aimed at advanced students, researchers and professionals in aquaculture and fisheries, as well as those with a broader interest in sustainability politics and sustainability governing practices.
Aquaculture Ecosystems
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Author : Saleem Mustafa
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-04-29
Aquaculture Ecosystems written by Saleem Mustafa and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Aquaculture Ecosystems contains a thorough and exciting synthesis of current information on aquaculture practices and substantial discussion of the way forward in transforming the aquaculture industry by improving its sustainability. This important book includes discussion of all the current major issues relating to aquaculture practices in relation to the ecology of their situations, environmental concerns, and details of how sustainability can be improved. Efforts have been made to include chapters that go beyond the stage of debate on old topics, providing conclusions to provide leads for action plans and practices addressing modern challenges such as global climate change. Commencing with a chapter covering concerns and solutions centred around seafood security, the following chapters cover the biology and behavior of aquatic animals and their selection for use in aquaculture systems, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, nutrient inputs and pollution, biofouling, blue carbon stocks in coastal aquaculture, climate change adaptations and knowledge management in aquaculture. Written by internationally-recognized experts in aquaculture and ecology, and edited by Saleem Mustafa, well known for his work in aquatic sciences, the book provides a great deal of use and interest to all those involved in aquaculture planning and development, environmental sciences and aquatic ecology. All libraries in universities and research establishments where biological sciences and aquaculture are studied and taught should have copies of this vital reference on their shelves.
Aquaculture Law And Policy
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Author : David L. VanderZwaag
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2006-10-16
Aquaculture Law And Policy written by David L. VanderZwaag and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-16 with Law categories.
The aquaculture industry is fast expanding around the globe and causing major environmental and social disruptions. The volume is about getting a 'good governance' grip on this important industry. The book highlights the numerous law and policy issues that must be addressed in the search for effective regulation of aquaculture. Those issues include among others: the equitable and fair assignment of property rights; the design of effective dispute resolution mechanisms; clarification of what maritime laws apply to aquaculture; adoption of a proper taxation system for aquaculture; resolution of aboriginal offshore title and rights claims; recognition of international trade law restrictions such as labeling limitations and food safety requirements; and determination of whether genetically modified fish should be allowed and if so under what controls. This book will appeal to a broad range of audiences: undergraduate and postgraduate students, academic researchers, policy makers, NGOs, practicing lawyers and industry representatives.
Sustainable Aquaculture
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Author : Faisal I. Hai
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-02
Sustainable Aquaculture written by Faisal I. Hai and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is about important relevant recent research topics in sustainable aquaculture practices. A critical assessment of the sustainable fishing methods and the aspect of sustainable aquaculture feed is presented in this volume. A special focus has been given to socio-economic and environmental assessment of aquaculture practices and analysis of carbon footprint under an intensive aquaculture regime. Aquaponics as a niche for sustainable modern aquaculture has been highlighted. The effect of use of pharmaceuticals to prevent fish disease on the surrounding marine environment is an emerging area of concern, and a critical discussion on this aspect is included in the book. The spread of organic waste and nutrients released by fish farms to natural water bodies has raised considerable concerns. Therefore the methods to prevent their dispersion and removal (treatment) have been comprehensively covered in this book. This book is an essential read for academician, researchers, and policy makers in the field of aquaculture.
Outlook For Fish To 2020
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Author : Delgado, Christopher L.
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2003-01-01
Outlook For Fish To 2020 written by Delgado, Christopher L. and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The seemingly inexhaustible oceans have proved to be finite after all. Landings of wild fish have leveled off since the mid-1980s, and many stocks of fish are fished so heavily that their future is threatened. And yet the worlds appetite for fish has continued to increase, particularly as urban populations and incomes grow in developing countries. Aquaculturefish farminghas arrived to meet this increased demand. Production of fish from aquaculture has exploded in the past 20 years and continues to expand around the world. But will aquaculture be sufficient to provide affordable fish to the world over the next 20 years? And what environmental and poverty problems will aquaculture face as it expands? Using a global model of supply and demand for food and feed commodities, this report projects the likely changes in the fisheries sector over the next two decades given present trends. As prices for most food commodities fall, fish prices are expected to rise, reflecting demand for fish that outpaces the ability of the world to supply it. Alternative scenarios using different assumptions are also investigated. The model shows that developing countries will consume and produce a much greater share of the worlds fish in the future, and trade in fish commodities will also increase. As aquaculture expands, especially in developing countries, environmental concerns such as effluent pollution, escaped farmed fish, land conversion, and pressure on stocks from fishmeal demand will only increase with time unless technologies and policies promote sustainable intensification. And small, poor producers are at risk of being excluded from rapidly growing export markets unless ways can be found to facilitate affordable certification of food safety and environmentally sound production.