Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa
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Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Antonio Estache
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013-01-31
Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa written by Antonio Estache and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-31 with Business & Economics categories.
The differences in infrastructure and maintenance needs across sub-regions are also impressive, with developing oil exporters expected to require almost 11 percent of their GDP annually, while the oil importing countries and the GCC oil exporters expected to need approximately 6 and 5 percent of their GDP, respectively. Investment and rehabilitation needs are likely to be especially high in the electricity and transport sectors, particularly roads. Rehabilitation needs are expected to account for slightly more than half of total infrastructure needs. While oil exporters will be able to meet their national infrastructure needs if they maintain investment spending at rates prevailing in the 2000s, oil importers will fall short. The infrastructure sector has the potential to contribute to employment creation in MENA.
Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Caroline Freund
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa written by Caroline Freund and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The report estimates Middle East and North Africa's (MENA's) infrastructure investment and maintenance needs through 2020 at 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional gross domestic product (GDP). Developing oil exporting countries (OEC) will need to commit almost 11 percent of their GDP annually ($48 billion) on improving and maintaining their national infrastructure endowments, while the oil importing countries (OIC) and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) oil exporters need approximately 6 and 5 percent of their GDP, respectively. Infrastructure investment has the potential to create jobs quickly, while providing a foundation for future growth. This is especially important in the oil importing countries, where the infrastructure gap is the greatest and employment needs are growing. However, it is also likely to be most difficult in these countries because of strained finances. Going forward, government decisions on what types of spending to expand and what to contract to achieve balanced budgets will have important implications for jobs. Prudent infrastructure development will be critical for short and long-term growth and job creation.
Job Creation Through Infrastructure Investment In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Elena Ianchovichina
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Job Creation Through Infrastructure Investment In The Middle East And North Africa written by Elena Ianchovichina and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
In the next 10 years or so, the infrastructure sector has the potential to generate significant employment. This paper estimates annual job creation of about 2.0 million in direct jobs and 2.5 million in direct, indirect and induced infrastructure-related jobs just by meeting the infrastructure investment needs of about 6.9 percent of gross domestic product (about US$106 billion) for the Middle East and North Africa region on average. The breakdown in expected needs is 11 percent in developing oil exporters, 6 percent in oil importing countries, and 5 percent in the Gulf Cooperation Council oil exporters. Needs are particularly high in electricity and roads. While important, infrastructure job creation will not resolve the region's unemployment problem alone and its job creation potential varies greatly across countries. Moreover, the current ability to finance and hence meet the infrastructure needs varies significantly across countries. Oil importers are likely to fall short under business as usual scenarios. In a region in which the public sector is the main source of infrastructure financing, fiscal choices will thus matter to job creation through infrastructure. But there are more challenges, including the governance of job creation, and the proper targeting and costing of subsidies for job creation and the (re)training programs needed. Managing expectations will also matter, as infrastructure jobs will help but will not solve the region's unemployment and underemployment problems.
Employment Creation And Social Protection In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey
language : en
Publisher: American Univ in Cairo Press
Release Date : 2002
Employment Creation And Social Protection In The Middle East And North Africa written by Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey and has been published by American Univ in Cairo Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Business & Economics categories.
Describes and analyzes critical aspects of the labor market and social protection in the Arab world
Jobs For Shared Prosperity
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Author : Roberta Gatti
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013
Jobs For Shared Prosperity written by Roberta Gatti and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, when thousands of young women and men fought for the opportunity to realize their aspirations and potential, the question of jobs continues to be crucial in the Middle East and North Africa region. This report uses jobs as a lens to weave together the complex dynamics of employment creation, skills supply, and the institutional environment of labor markets. Consistent with the framework of the 2013 World Development Report on jobs, of which this report is the regional companion, this work goes beyond the traditional links between jobs, productivity, and living standards to include an understanding of how jobs matter for individual dignity and expectations--an aspect that was clearly central to the Arab Spring. Just as important, this report complements the economic perspective with an analysis of political economy equilibrium, with a view to identifying mechanisms that would trigger a reform process. As such, the report has three objectives: First, it seeks to provide an in-depth characterization of the dynamics of labor markets in the Middle East and North Africa and to analyze the barriers to the creation of more and better jobs. It does so by taking a cross-sectoral approach and identifying the distortions and incentives that the many actors--firms, governments, workers, students, education, and training systems--currently face, and which ultimately determine the equilibrium in labor markets. Second, the report proposes a medium term roadmap of policy options that could promote the robust and inclusive growth needed to tackle the structural employment challenge for the region. Third, the report aims to inform and open up a platform for debate on jobs among a broad set of stakeholders, with the ultimate goal of contributing to reach a shared view of the employment challenges and the reform path ahead.
Creating Employment In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Mr.E. H. Gardner
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2003-09-05
Creating Employment In The Middle East And North Africa written by Mr.E. H. Gardner and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-05 with Business & Economics categories.
The population of the Middle East and North Africa is one of the fastest growing in the world, but jobs have not grown as fast as the region’s workforce. This paper addresses questions such as"Can current GDP growth generate more employment, or will higher GDP growth be required?"and "Will the current pattern of job creation-with much of the region’s workforce employed by the public sector-need to change?"
Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Antonio Estache
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013-02-20
Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa written by Antonio Estache and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Infrastructure has a substantial role to play in creating new jobs in the Middle East and North Africa, but its potential varies greatly across countries and sectors and will not suffice to resolve the mounting unemployment problem in the region.
Opportunity For All
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Author : MissCatriona Purfield
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-07-17
Opportunity For All written by MissCatriona Purfield and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This publication brings together a set of IMF papers that prepared as backgrounds for the various sessions of the conference and will help put into broader dissemination channels the results of this important conference. An official IMF publication is well disseminated into academic and institutional libraries and book channels. The IMF metadata will also make the conference papers more discoverable online.
The Upside Of Digital For The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Ana Paula Cusolito
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2022-05-02
The Upside Of Digital For The Middle East And North Africa written by Ana Paula Cusolito and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-02 with Business & Economics categories.
The argument that digitalization fosters economic activity has been strengthened by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Because digital technologies are general-purpose technologies that are usable across a wide variety of economic activities, the gains from achieving universal coverage of digital services are likely to be large and shared throughout each economy. However, the Middle East and North Africa region suffers from a “digital paradox†?: the region’s population uses social media more than expected for its level of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita but uses the internet or other digital tools to make payments less than expected. The Upside of Digital for the Middle East and North Africa: How Digital Technology Adoption Can Accelerate Growth and Create Jobs presents evidence that the socioeconomic gains of digitalizing the economies of the region are huge: GDP per capita could rise by more than 40 percent; manufacturing revenue per unit of factors of production could increase by 37 percent; employment in manufacturing could rise by 7 percent; tourist arrivals could rise by 70 percent, creating jobs in the hospitality sector; long-term unemployment rates could fall to negligible levels; and female labor force participation could double to more than 40 percent. To reap these gains, universal access to digital services is crucial, as is their widespread use for economic purposes. The book explores how fast the region could approach universal coverage, whether targeting the rollout of digital infrastructure services makes a difference, and what is needed to increase the use of digital payment tools. The authors find that targeting underserved populations and areas can accelerate the achievement of universal access, while fostering competition and improving the functioning of financial and telecommunications sectors can encourage the adoption of digital technologies. In addition, building societal trust in the government and in related institutions such as banks and financial services is critical for fostering the increased use of digital payment tools.
Jobs Or Privileges
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Author : Hania Sahnoun
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2014-11-18
Jobs Or Privileges written by Hania Sahnoun and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-18 with Business & Economics categories.
Policies that constrain private sector competition and job creation abound in MENA. Such policies are often captured by few privileged firms with deep political connections. The millions of workers who bear the brunt are often unaware of the adverse impact of these policies on the jobs to which they aspire.