Inhibitory Dysfunction In The Sod1 Als Motor Cortex
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Inhibitory Dysfunction In The Sod1 Als Motor Cortex
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Author : Charline Sahara Khademullah
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Inhibitory Dysfunction In The Sod1 Als Motor Cortex written by Charline Sahara Khademullah and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of the motor system, typically affecting individuals over 60 years of age (Eisen et al. 1993; Brettschneider, Kurent, and Ludolph 2013). It results from motor neuron degeneration in the cortex and spinal cord and is characterized by catastrophic muscle weakness and atrophy that eventually spreads across the body as it progresses into later stages (Kiernan et al. 2011). Without any effective treatments available, ALS is 100% fatal with a median survival of 3 years following the onset of physiological symptoms (Talbot 2009, 2014). Recent studies on cortical dysfunction in ALS have reported anomalies in inhibitory synaptic transmission; however, little is known regarding the role of inhibition in ALS. Sufficient GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission is not only critical for maintaining a balance between excitation and inhibition, but it is also capable of providing protective effects from excitatory motor neurons in the cortex (Bae et al. 2013). Thus, it is critical to understand how inhibition is affected in ALS and whether the inhibitory circuit can be manipulated to alter the outcome of the disease. The main objective of my PhD project was to determine if parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in layer 5 (L5) of the primary motor cortex (M1) regulate the pyramidal cell hyperexcitability in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, which has been tightly linked to excitotoxic cell death (Foran and Trotti 2009; Bae et al. 2013). Additionally, using newly developed chemogenetic tools, I aimed to increase PV+-interneuron activity with the goal of reducing pyramidal cell hyperexcitability and delay the onset of ALS-associated symptoms. The principle novel discoveries from my thesis research are: (i) PV+ interneurons are hypoactive in the pre-symptomatic SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS; (ii) increasing PV+ interneuron-mediated inhibition onto L5-M1 pyramidal cells not only rescues M1 pyramidal cell hyperexcitability, it also delays the onset of ALS-associated motor deficits, preserves cortical neuronal populations, and significantly increases the lifespan of SOD1G93A mice; and (iii) tissues from the motor cortex of post-mortem SOD1-ALS patients and SOD1G93A mice show a marked decrease in key inhibitory proteins known to regulate inhibitory function.
Update On Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Author : Humberto Foyaca Sibat
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-09-14
Update On Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis written by Humberto Foyaca Sibat and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-14 with Medical categories.
This book contains selected peer-reviewed chapters which cover updated information on ALS written by international researchers. Update on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is comprised of 13 chapters from some of the world's top central nervous system researchers and neurologists to provide a timely review of the most recent developments in ALS, covering historic aspects, experimental animal models, genetics, pathogenesis, clinical aspects and imagenology among others. Contributors from Belgium, France, Japan, India, Italy, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, and Switzerland have collaborated enthusiastically and efficiently, dedicating their time to create this reader-friendly yet comprehensive work which includes many explanatory figures, tables and photos to enhance legibility and make the book clinically useful. We are looking forward with confidence and pride in the remarkable role that this book will play for a new vision and mission.
The Deanna Protocol
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Author : Vincent Tedone
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-07-10
The Deanna Protocol written by Vincent Tedone and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-10 with categories.
The authors are in a life and death struggle against a terrible disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, which is referred to as ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease. If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with ALS, then you need to read this book. The Deanna Protocol® program was discovered by Dr. Tedone, Deanna's father, only after failing, again and again, with everything that he tried. The massage, non-exhausting exercise and core supplements, which are inexpensive and available without prescription from many suppliers. The program works for many ALS patients. It is not a cure, however, it provides a better quality of life and has been shown in ALS mice to extend life and improve motor skills. The rate of progression of ALS symptoms reported in ALSFRS scores, is markedly reduced in those adhering to the Deanna Protocol® program. There a few side effects reported, and those are manageable for most, if the program is phased in, gradually, over time.
Neuropathology Of Neurodegenerative Diseases Book And Online
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Author : Gabor G. Kovacs
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015
Neuropathology Of Neurodegenerative Diseases Book And Online written by Gabor G. Kovacs and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Medical categories.
This heavily illustrated, must-have practical guide aids medical specialists and trainees in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Includes diagnostic algorithms.
Palliative Care In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Author : David Oliver
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press (UK)
Release Date : 2014
Palliative Care In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis written by David Oliver and has been published by Oxford University Press (UK) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Medical categories.
This volume provides an evidence-based guide to the care of people with ALS/MND, including the control of symptoms, the psychosocial care of patients and their families, and care in bereavement.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
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Author : Lawrence H. Lash
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.
Neuroepigenomics In Aging And Disease
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Author : Raul Delgado-Morales
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-18
Neuroepigenomics In Aging And Disease written by Raul Delgado-Morales and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-18 with Science categories.
Epigenetic mechanisms (DNA modifications, histone alterations and non-coding RNAs) are crucial for transcriptional regulation and alterations of the “physiological epigenome” are increasingly associated with human diseases. During the last decade the emerging field of neuroepigenomics have started to impact tremendously in areas such learning and memory, addiction or neurodegeneration. This expert volume covers the role of epigenetic molecular mechanism in regulation of central nervous system’s function, one of the most exciting areas of contemporary molecular neuroscience. The book describes the current knowledge on the epigenetic basis of human disease covering the complete lifespan: from neurodevelopment/childhood (Rett Syndrome, Rubinstein-Taybi, autism), adolescence (eating disorders, drug addiction, anxiety), adulthood (depression, schizophrenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease) and elderly (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease). The book also covers the three major players on neuroepigenomic mechanisms: histones alterations, DNA modifications and non-coding RNAs, their roles at the molecular and cellular level and the impact of their alterations on neuronal function and behavior. Finally, a special chapter on state-of-the-art technologies helps the reader not only to understand epigenetic driven changes in human cognition and diseases but also the methodology that will help to generate paradigm shifts on our understanding of brain function and the role of the neuroepigenome in human diseases.
Neurogenetics
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Author : Nicholas Wood
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-12
Neurogenetics written by Nicholas Wood and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-12 with Medical categories.
A coherent, up-to-date overview of the rapidly advancing field of neurogenetics for neurologists of any level.
Spectrums Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Author : Christopher A. Shaw
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-04-20
Spectrums Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis written by Christopher A. Shaw and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-20 with Medical categories.
SPECTRUMS OF AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS Discover state-of-the-art research findings on ALS from leading authors and editors in the field In Spectrums of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Heterogeneity, Pathogenesis & Therapeutic Directions, distinguished researchers and editors Dr. Christopher A. Shaw and Jessica R. Morrice deliver a practical and powerful perspective on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) as a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders. This increasingly accepted point-of-view allows researchers and medical professionals to develop better targeted interventions and more precise therapies. In the book, readers will find chapters on a wide variety of critical issues facing ALS researchers and healthcare practitioners treating ALS sufferers, including animal models of ALS, neuronal support cells known to have a pivotal role in ALS, and current challenges in ALS clinical trials, among others. The authors describe pathologic features common to all cases of ALS and why animal models, though crucial, should be interpreted with caution. Finally, multiple genetic and environmental etiologies of the disease are discussed. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to ALS as a spectrum disease and the implications for models, therapeutic development and clinical trial design Explorations of the genetic basis of ALS, prospective sALS etiologies, and the involvement of microbiome in ALS Discussions of ALS-PDC and environmental risk factors, protein aggregation in ALS, defects in RNA metabolism in ALS, and the non-cell autonomous nature of ALS and the involvement of glial cells Examinations of animal models of ALS and perspectives on previously failed ALS therapeutics and current therapeutic strategies Perfect for clinical neurologists, healthcare providers and caretakers, clinicians, and researchers studying motor neuron disease, Spectrums of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Heterogeneity, Pathogenesis & Therapeutic Directions is also an indispensable resource for the neurodegenerative research community, neurology residents, and graduate-level neuroscience students.
The Molecular Biology Of Down Syndrome
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Author : G. Lubec
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-12-02
The Molecular Biology Of Down Syndrome written by G. Lubec and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-12-02 with Medical categories.
This book contains updated reviews and original research work on Down Syndrome focussing on brandnew results in neurobiology, in particular results on gene hunting (subtractive hybridization, differential display) and neurochemistry. The book provides new data such as a subtractive library of Down Syndrome brain showing cDNAs that are overexpressed or downregulated and can be regarded as a source for further research on the preliminary transcriptional data given. A 2D-electrophoretic map of human brain proteins including Down Syndrome brain protein expression established by in-gel-digestion of spots with subsequent MALDI-identification provides the scientific basis for protein work to the neuroscientist. Altogether, the book provides a series of new candidate genes possibly involved in Down Syndrome neurobiology, tools for neuroscience studies on Down Syndrome brain thus serving as a manual and updated views and aspects on Down Syndrome pathobiology.