Integration Of Vehicle Consumer Choice In Energy Systems Models And Its Implications For Climate Policy Analysis
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Integration Of Vehicle Consumer Choice In Energy Systems Models And Its Implications For Climate Policy Analysis
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Author : Kalaivani Ramea Kubendran
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Integration Of Vehicle Consumer Choice In Energy Systems Models And Its Implications For Climate Policy Analysis written by Kalaivani Ramea Kubendran and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Energy systems models have been extensively used in the development of transition scenarios in the context of climate change. Although detailed input datasets containing projections for future end-use energy demands, technology performance characteristics, and capital and operating costs have been included in these models, important details about how consumer markets might actually respond are represented rather simplistically. With no modification, this yields results that are completely unrealistic, as technology choices occur in an "all-or-nothing" fashion, because heterogeneity of consumer segments as well as their preferences are not adequately represented. This factor becomes particularly important when it comes to light-duty vehicles in the transportation sector: they are the source of a substantial percentage of emissions that are difficult to reduce, and consumer choice plays an important role in their determination. This dissertation presents an alternative methodology that incorporates theory-based behavioral factors directly into a frequently used energy systems modeling framework (TIMES). The prototype model is called COCHIN-TIMES (COnsumer CHoice INtegration in TIMES). It incorporates multiple types of factors related to consumer utility/preference for vehicles. The current version uses a vehicle choice model (MA3T) developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory as the primary data source, but the approach can be implemented more generally. At one level, a more diverse set of consumer groups (segments) is created to represent observable, identifiable differences in factors such as annual end-use demand, driving profiles, attitude toward risk, etc. At another level, additional within-segment variation in preference from random, unobservable factors is also captured, so that TIMES results resemble those of more complex nonlinear choice models, even though they are computed using a standard linear-programming methodology. After the integration, the vehicle market share outcome from the COCHIN-TIMES model matches that of the equivalent consumer choice model. A quantitative metric is developed to measure the similarities between the MA3T model and the different stages of COCHIN-TIMES model as the consumer heterogeneity and preferences are introduced sequentially. As part of the model improvement exercise, extensions to this approach are presented in the dissertation, which introduces feedback loops to modify consumer preferences under various policy scenarios. Finally, the consumer choice module is implemented in multi-sectoral models of two regions: US and California, and the results are contrasted between their respective regional models without consumer choice. These models are later soft-linked to capture the consumer preferences of statewide adoption in the nation and vice-versa. Overall, it is observed that inclusion of consumer preferences in a strict linear programming model diversifies the technology adoptions in the market, as the model is now able to capture the heterogeneity and preferences of consumers towards the various technologies. The list of caveats and future work are identified at the end of the dissertation.
Transitions To Alternative Vehicles And Fuels
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-04-14
Transitions To Alternative Vehicles And Fuels written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-14 with Science categories.
For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.
Energy Abstracts For Policy Analysis
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Energy Abstracts For Policy Analysis written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Power resources categories.
Aligning The Energy Transition With The Sustainable Development Goals
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Author : Maryse Labriet
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Aligning The Energy Transition With The Sustainable Development Goals written by Maryse Labriet and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Climate And Energy Policy For U S Passenger Vehicles
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Author : Valerie J. Karplus
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Climate And Energy Policy For U S Passenger Vehicles written by Valerie J. Karplus and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Climate and energy security concerns have prompted policy action in the United States and abroad to reduce petroleum use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from passenger vehicles. Policy affects the decisions of firms and households, which inevitably react to changing constraints and incentives. Developing and applying models that capture the technological and behavioral richness of the policy response, and combining model insights with analysis of political feasibility, are important agendas for both research and policy. This work makes four distinct contributions to these agendas, focusing on the case of climate and energy policy for passenger vehicles in the United States. First, this work contributes to econometric studies of the household response to gasoline prices by investigating whether or not U.S. households alter their reliance on higher fuel economy vehicles in response to gasoline price changes. Using micro-level household vehicle usage data collected during a period of gasoline price fluctuations in 2008 to 2009, the econometric analysis shows that this short-run vehicle switching response, while modest, is more pronounced for low income than high income households, and occurs on both a total distance and per trip basis. Second, this work makes a methodological contribution that advances the state of empirical modeling of passenger vehicle transport in economy-wide macroeconomic models. The model developments include introducing an empirically-based relationship between income growth and travel demand, turnover of the vehicle stock, and cost-driven investment both in reduction of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle fuel consumption as well as in adoption of alternative fuel vehicles and fuels. These developments offer a parsimonious way of capturing important physical detail and allow for analysis of technology-specific policies such as a fuel economy standard (FES) and renewable fuel standard (RFS), implemented individually or in combination with an economy-wide cap-and-trade (CAT) policy. The new developments within the model structure are essential to capturing physical system constraints, interactions among policies, and unintended effects on non-covered sectors. Third, the model was applied to identify cost-effective policy approaches in terms of both energy and climate goals. The RFS and FES policies were shown to be at least six to fourteen times as costly as a gasoline tax on a discounted basis in achieving a 20% reduction in cumulative motor gasoline use. Each of these policies was shown to have only a modest effect on economy-wide carbon dioxide emissions. Combining a fuel economy standard and a renewable fuel standard produced a gasoline reduction around 20% lower than the sum of forecasted reductions under each of the policies individually. Under an economy-wide CAT policy that targets GHG emissions reduction at least cost, obtaining additional reductions in passenger vehicle gasoline use with RFS or FES policy increases the total policy cost, and does not result in additional reductions in GHG emissions. The analysis shows the importance of integrated assessments of multiple policies that act on separate parts of a system to achieve a single goal, or on the same system to achieve distinct goals. Fourth, a political analysis shows how, in the case of climate and energy policy for passenger vehicles, sharp trade-offs exist between economic efficiency and political feasibility. These tensions are shown to exist at the level of policy justification, policy type, and design choices within policies. The pervasiveness of these tensions suggests that economically-preferred policies will face the greatest barriers to implementation. This work concludes by integrating the findings from each of the individual parts to make recommendations for policy. Recognizing the heterogeneity of household responses, the prescriptions of the economic analysis, and the tensions between these prescriptions and politics, policy options should be evaluated not only based on cost effectiveness, but also on their ability to serve as stepping stones toward desirable end states by providing incentives to revisit and increase policy cost effectiveness over time.
Understanding Risks And Uncertainties In Energy And Climate Policy
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Author : Haris Doukas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-12-10
Understanding Risks And Uncertainties In Energy And Climate Policy written by Haris Doukas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-10 with Business & Economics categories.
This open access book analyzes and seeks to consolidate the use of robust quantitative tools and qualitative methods for the design and assessment of energy and climate policies. In particular, it examines energy and climate policy performance and associated risks, as well as public acceptance and portfolio analysis in climate policy, and presents methods for evaluating the costs and benefits of flexible policy implementation as well as new framings for business and market actors. In turn, it discusses the development of alternative policy pathways and the identification of optimal switching points, drawing on concrete examples to do so. Lastly, it discusses climate change mitigation policies’ implications for the agricultural, food, building, transportation, service and manufacturing sectors.
Interdisciplinary Research On Climate And Energy Decision Making
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Author : M. Granger Morgan
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-12-16
Interdisciplinary Research On Climate And Energy Decision Making written by M. Granger Morgan and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-16 with Science categories.
This book explores the role and importance of interdisciplinary research in addressing key issues in climate and energy decision making. For over 30 years, an interdisciplinary team of faculty and students anchored at Carnegie Mellon University, joined by investigators and students from a number of other collaborating institutions across North America, Europe, and Australia, have worked together to better understand the global changes that are being caused by both human activities and natural causes. This book tells the story of their successful interdisciplinary work. With each chapter written in the first person, the authors have three key objectives: (1) to document and provide an accessible account of how they have framed and addressed a range of the key problems that are posed by the human dimensions of global change; (2) to illustrate how investigators and graduate students have worked together productively across different disciplines and locations on common problems; and (3) to encourage funders and scholars across the world to undertake similar large- scale interdisciplinary research activities to meet the world’s largest challenges. Exploring topics such as energy efficiency, public health, and climate adaptation, and with a final chapter dedicated to lessons learned, this innovative volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate change, energy transitions and environmental studies more broadly.
The Energy Journal
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Energy Journal written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Energy industries categories.
The New Geographies Of Energy
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Author : Karl Zimmerer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-13
The New Geographies Of Energy written by Karl Zimmerer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Science categories.
The New Geographies of Energy: Assessment and Analysis of Critical Landscapes is a pioneering collection of new geographic scholarship. It examines such vitally important research topics as energy dilemmas of the United States, large trends and patterns of energy consumption including China’s role, "peak oil", energy poverty, and ethanol and other renewable energy sourcing. The book offers advances in key emerging areas of energy research, each distinguished in the following sections: (i) geographic approaches to energy modeling and assessment; (ii) fossil fuel landscapes; (iii) the landscapes of renewable energy; (iv) landscapes of energy consumption; and (v) an overview of the new geographies of energy (Karl Zimmerer, Annals Nature-Society and Energy issue editor) and an essay on America’s oil dependency (Vaclav Smil, renowned energy geographer). In addition there is a specially commissioned book review. This book was published as a special issue of the Annals of the Association of American Geographers.
Modelling Transitions
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Author : Enayat A. Moallemi
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-11-28
Modelling Transitions written by Enayat A. Moallemi and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-28 with Business & Economics categories.
Modelling Transitions shows what computational, formal and data-driven approaches can and could mean for sustainability transitions research, presenting the state-of-the-art and exploring what lies beyond. Featuring contributions from many well-known authors, this book presents the various benefits of modelling for transitions research. More than just taking stock, it also critically examines what modelling of transformative change means and could mean for transitions research and for other disciplines that study societal changes. This includes identifying a variety of approaches currently not part of the portfolios of transitions modellers. Far from only singing praise, critical methodological and philosophical introspection are key aspects of this important book. This book speaks to modellers and non-modellers alike who value the development of robust knowledge on transitions to sustainability, including colleagues in congenial fields. Be they students, researchers or practitioners, everyone interested in transitions should find this book relevant as reference, resource and guide.