Interpretations Into Varieties Of Algebraic Logic
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Interpretations Into Varieties Of Algebraic Logic
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Author : Renato Alfredo Lewin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Interpretations Into Varieties Of Algebraic Logic written by Renato Alfredo Lewin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Algebraic logic categories.
Residuated Lattices An Algebraic Glimpse At Substructural Logics
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Author : Nikolaos Galatos
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-04-25
Residuated Lattices An Algebraic Glimpse At Substructural Logics written by Nikolaos Galatos and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-25 with Mathematics categories.
The book is meant to serve two purposes. The first and more obvious one is to present state of the art results in algebraic research into residuated structures related to substructural logics. The second, less obvious but equally important, is to provide a reasonably gentle introduction to algebraic logic. At the beginning, the second objective is predominant. Thus, in the first few chapters the reader will find a primer of universal algebra for logicians, a crash course in nonclassical logics for algebraists, an introduction to residuated structures, an outline of Gentzen-style calculi as well as some titbits of proof theory - the celebrated Hauptsatz, or cut elimination theorem, among them. These lead naturally to a discussion of interconnections between logic and algebra, where we try to demonstrate how they form two sides of the same coin. We envisage that the initial chapters could be used as a textbook for a graduate course, perhaps entitled Algebra and Substructural Logics. As the book progresses the first objective gains predominance over the second. Although the precise point of equilibrium would be difficult to specify, it is safe to say that we enter the technical part with the discussion of various completions of residuated structures. These include Dedekind-McNeille completions and canonical extensions. Completions are used later in investigating several finiteness properties such as the finite model property, generation of varieties by their finite members, and finite embeddability. The algebraic analysis of cut elimination that follows, also takes recourse to completions. Decidability of logics, equational and quasi-equational theories comes next, where we show how proof theoretical methods like cut elimination are preferable for small logics/theories, but semantic tools like Rabin's theorem work better for big ones. Then we turn to Glivenko's theorem, which says that a formula is an intuitionistic tautology if and only if its double negation is a classical one. We generalise it to the substructural setting, identifying for each substructural logic its Glivenko equivalence class with smallest and largest element. This is also where we begin investigating lattices of logics and varieties, rather than particular examples. We continue in this vein by presenting a number of results concerning minimal varieties/maximal logics. A typical theorem there says that for some given well-known variety its subvariety lattice has precisely such-and-such number of minimal members (where values for such-and-such include, but are not limited to, continuum, countably many and two). In the last two chapters we focus on the lattice of varieties corresponding to logics without contraction. In one we prove a negative result: that there are no nontrivial splittings in that variety. In the other, we prove a positive one: that semisimple varieties coincide with discriminator ones. Within the second, more technical part of the book another transition process may be traced. Namely, we begin with logically inclined technicalities and end with algebraically inclined ones. Here, perhaps, algebraic rendering of Glivenko theorems marks the equilibrium point, at least in the sense that finiteness properties, decidability and Glivenko theorems are of clear interest to logicians, whereas semisimplicity and discriminator varieties are universal algebra par exellence. It is for the reader to judge whether we succeeded in weaving these threads into a seamless fabric.
Logics Of Variable Inclusion
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Author : Stefano Bonzio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-09
Logics Of Variable Inclusion written by Stefano Bonzio and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-09 with Philosophy categories.
This monograph shows that, through a recourse to the concepts and methods of abstract algebraic logic, the algebraic theory of regular varieties and the concept of analyticity in formal logic can profitably interact. By extending the technique of Plonka sums from algebras to logical matrices, the authors investigate the different classes of models for logics of variable inclusion and they shed new light into their formal properties. The book opens with the historical origins of logics of variable inclusion and on their philosophical motivations. It includes the basics of the algebraic theory of regular varieties and the construction of Plonka sums over semilattice direct systems of algebra. The core of the book is devoted to an abstract definition of logics of left and right variable inclusion, respectively, and the authors study their semantics using the construction of Plonka sums of matrix models. The authors also cover Paraconsistent Weak Kleene logic and survey its abstract algebraic logical properties. This book is of interest to scholars of formal logic.
Algebraic Methods In Semantics
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Author : M. Nivat
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1985
Algebraic Methods In Semantics written by M. Nivat and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Computers categories.
This book, which contains contributions from leading researchers in France, USA and Great Britain, gives detailed accounts of a variety of methods for describing the semantics of programming languages, i.e. for attaching to programs mathematical objects that encompass their meaning. Consideration is given to both denotational semantics, where the meaning of a program is regarded as a function from inputs to outputs, and operational semantics, where the meaning includes the sequence of states or terms generated internally during the computation. The major problems considered include equivalence relations between operational and denotational semantics, rules for obtaining optimal computations (especially for nondeterministic programs), equivalence of programs, meaning-preserving transformations of programs and program proving by assertions. Such problems are discussed for a variety of programming languages and formalisms, and a wealth of mathematical tools is described.
Complicated Methods Of Logical Analysis Based On Simple Mathematics
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Author : Boris Kulik
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2022-03-10
Complicated Methods Of Logical Analysis Based On Simple Mathematics written by Boris Kulik and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-10 with Psychology categories.
Those who want to understand logic, if they manage to pass at least an initial, though far from simple, modern course of study, eventually conclude that practically logic consists in formulating premises and a taken-from-nowhere assertion in an incomprehensible language and then proving or disproving cause-consequence links between them. Conversely, many topical tasks of logical analysis, such as forming and testing hypotheses, inferring consequences with predefined properties, and searching for, and analysis of, logical errors and inconsistencies in reasoning, among others, are outside the scope of this discourse. They are scattered haphazardly in works on theory of argumentation, non-classical logics, and artificial intelligence. This book demonstrates the capabilities of two relatively simple mathematical systems developed by the authors, namely E-structures and n-tuple algebra, which allow the modelling of various types of reasoning and solve the above and some other tasks of logical analysis.
From Sets And Types To Topology And Analysis
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Author : Laura Crosilla
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2005-10-06
From Sets And Types To Topology And Analysis written by Laura Crosilla and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-06 with Mathematics categories.
This edited collection bridges the foundations and practice of constructive mathematics and focusses on the contrast between the theoretical developments, which have been most useful for computer science (eg constructive set and type theories), and more specific efforts on constructive analysis, algebra and topology. Aimed at academic logicians, mathematicians, philosophers and computer scientists Including, with contributions from leading researchers, it is up-to-date, highly topical and broad in scope. This is the latest volume in the Oxford Logic Guides, which also includes: 41. J.M. Dunn and G. Hardegree: Algebraic Methods in Philosophical Logic 42. H. Rott: Change, Choice and Inference: A study of belief revision and nonmonotoic reasoning 43. Johnstone: Sketches of an Elephant: A topos theory compendium, volume 1 44. Johnstone: Sketches of an Elephant: A topos theory compendium, volume 2 45. David J. Pym and Eike Ritter: Reductive Logic and Proof Search: Proof theory, semantics and control 46. D.M. Gabbay and L. Maksimova: Interpolation and Definability: Modal and Intuitionistic Logics 47. John L. Bell: Set Theory: Boolean-valued models and independence proofs, third edition
Topoi
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Author : R. Goldblatt
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-06-28
Topoi written by R. Goldblatt and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-28 with Mathematics categories.
The first of its kind, this book presents a widely accessible exposition of topos theory, aimed at the philosopher-logician as well as the mathematician. It is suitable for individual study or use in class at the graduate level (it includes 500 exercises). It begins with a fully motivated introduction to category theory itself, moving always from the particular example to the abstract concept. It then introduces the notion of elementary topos, with a wide range of examples and goes on to develop its theory in depth, and to elicit in detail its relationship to Kripke's intuitionistic semantics, models of classical set theory and the conceptual framework of sheaf theory (``localization'' of truth). Of particular interest is a Dedekind-cuts style construction of number systems in topoi, leading to a model of the intuitionistic continuum in which a ``Dedekind-real'' becomes represented as a ``continuously-variable classical real number''.The second edition contains a new chapter, entitled Logical Geometry, which introduces the reader to the theory of geometric morphisms of Grothendieck topoi, and its model-theoretic rendering by Makkai and Reyes. The aim of this chapter is to explain why Deligne's theorem about the existence of points of coherent topoi is equivalent to the classical Completeness theorem for ``geometric'' first-order formulae.
The Mathematical Analysis Of Logic
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Author : George Boole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1847
The Mathematical Analysis Of Logic written by George Boole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1847 with History categories.
The Mathematical Analysis of Logic by George Boole, first published in 1948, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it.
An Investigation Of The Laws Of Thought
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Author : George Boole
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2013-06-03
An Investigation Of The Laws Of Thought written by George Boole and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-03 with Mathematics categories.
The Laws of Thought, more precisely, An Investigation of the Laws of Thought on Which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities, was an influential 19th century book by George Boole, the second of his two monographs on algebraic logic. It was published in 1854. Boole was Professor of Mathematics of then Queen's College, Cork in Ireland. Boole's work founded the discipline of algebraic logic. It is often, but mistakenly, credited as being the source of what we know today as Boolean algebra. In fact, however, Boole's algebra differs from modern Boolean algebra: in Boole's algebra A+B cannot be interpreted by set union, due to the permissibility of uninterpretable terms in Boole's calculus. Therefore algebras on Boole's account cannot be interpreted by sets under the operations of union, intersection and complement, as is the case with modern Boolean algebra. The task of developing the modern account of Boolean algebra fell to Boole's successors in the tradition of algebraic logic (Jevons 1869, Peirce 1880, Jevons 1890, Schröder 1890, Huntingdon 1904). In Boole's account of his algebra, terms are reasoned about equationally, without a systematic interpretation being assigned to them. In places, Boole talks of terms being interpreted by sets, but he also recognises terms that cannot always be so interpreted, such as the term 2AB, which arises in equational manipulations. Such terms he classes uninterpretable terms; although elsewhere he has some instances of such terms being interpreted by integers. The coherences of the whole enterprise is justified by Boole in what Stanley Burris has later called the "rule of 0s and 1s", which justifies the claim that uninterpretable terms cannot be the ultimate result of equational manipulations from meaningful starting formulae (Burris 2000). Boole provided no proof of this rule, but the coherence of his system was proved by Theodore Hailperin, who provided an interpretation based on a fairly simple construction of rings from the integers to provide an interpretation of Boole's theory (Hailperin 1976).
Algebraic Methodology And Software Technology
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Author : Armando M. Haeberer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998-12-15
Algebraic Methodology And Software Technology written by Armando M. Haeberer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-12-15 with Computers categories.
AMAST’s goal is to advance awareness of algebraic and logical methodology as part of the fundamental basis of software technology. Ten years and seven conferences after the start of the AMAST movement, I believe we are attaining this. The movement has propagated throughout the world, assembling many enthusiastic specialists who have participated not only in the conferences, which are now annual, but also in the innumerable other activities that AMAST promotes and supports. We are now facing the Seventh International Conference on Algebraic Methodology and Software Technology (AMAST’98). The previous meetings were held in Iowa City, USA (1989 and 1991), in Enschede, The Netherlands (1993), in Montreal, Canada (1995), in Munich, Germany (1996), and in Sydney, Australia (1997). This time it is Brazil’s turn, in a very special part of this colorful country – Amazonia. Thus, “if we have done more it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” The effort started by Teodor Rus, Arthur Fleck, and William A. Kirk at AMAST’89 was consolidated in AMAST'91 by Teodor Rus, Maurice Nivat, Charles Rattray, and Giuseppe Scollo. Then came modular construction of the building, wonderfully carried out by Giuseppe Scollo, Vangalur Alagar, Martin Wirsing, and Michael Johnson, as Program Chairs of the AMAST conferences held between 1993 and 1997.