Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain An Exploration Of Mobility Und Subistence Strategies From The Neolithic To The Copper Age
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Author : Julia Irene Giblin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain An Exploration Of Mobility Und Subistence Strategies From The Neolithic To The Copper Age written by Julia Irene Giblin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : Julia Giblin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain written by Julia Giblin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
In this book, the author uses the soilscapes from small Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age settlements in the Körös Region of the Great Hungarian Plain to explore the relationship between spatial distributions and community organization during the major social and economic transformations that occurred at the turn of the Neolithic and Copper Age.
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : Julia Irene Giblin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain written by Julia Irene Giblin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Isotopic measures of diet, residence and animal husbandry strategies do not change significantly from the Late Neolithic to the Early Copper Age, as originally proposed, and indicate that the emergence of an agropastoral society does not explain the transition in material culture that has been observed on the Plain. Interestingly, when the time frame is expanded to include the entire Neolithic and Copper Age sequence (i.e., the Early and Middle Neolithic and the Middle Copper Age), changes in the δ15N and 87Sr/86Sr isotope ranges support alternative explanations for the gradual development of smaller, dispersed farming villages. For example, the nitrogen isotope results do not change significantly between the Late Neolithic and Copper Age samples, but are significantly higher than previously studied samples from the Early and Middle Neolithic. Similarly, the strontium isotope results from human teeth are not much different between the Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age, but are statistically more variable later on in the time sequence, by the Middle Copper Age. While the elevated nitrogen composition of Late Neolithic and Copper Age humans indicates a relatively high protein diet throughout the time sequence, it may also reflect the consumption of crops that were fertilized by manure from livestock. These results point to the possible importance of a previously overlooked secondary animal product, manure fertilizer, which may have played a role in the dispersal of Neolithic and Copper Age cultures on the Plain by increasing the productive potential of larger areas of the environment.
Strontium Isotope Analysis Of Neolithic And Copper Age Populations From The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : Julia Giblin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Strontium Isotope Analysis Of Neolithic And Copper Age Populations From The Great Hungarian Plain written by Julia Giblin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Strontium categories.
Abstract: Central Europe played a pivotal role in the dispersal of people and new ways of life during the Neolithic and post-Neolithic. This study addresses changes in mobility, subsistence strategy, and social organization that occurred during the Late Neolithic and Copper Age cultures on the Great Hungarian Plain using geochemical techniques, in particular strontium isotope ratios. The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio has been used in previous studies to identify major events of population movement such as migration, conquest, and inter-marriage. Results from this study do not identify any non-local individuals in the Neolithic and Copper Age burials sampled. There is a change in the range of isotope values from the Late Neolithic to the Copper Ages from a very narrow range of values to a much broader range of values, suggesting that changes in lifestyle affected incorporation of strontium into the skeletal system. The preliminary results of this paper indicate that strontium is a valuable tool for identifying more subtle changes in prehistoric behavior such as a shift to a more pastoral economy and the exploitation of secondary products. Future analyses of strontium contents and isotope ratios directed towards the many environmental and dietary factors that can affect human 87Sr/86Sr values is required to evaluate how changes in mobility, diet, and social organization are reflected in prehistoric human populations.
The Relationship Of Stable Isotopes To Great Hungarian Plain Diet And Mobility Through The Neolithic Copper Age Bronze Age And Iron Age
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Author : Ashley Elizabeth-Starr McCall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
The Relationship Of Stable Isotopes To Great Hungarian Plain Diet And Mobility Through The Neolithic Copper Age Bronze Age And Iron Age written by Ashley Elizabeth-Starr McCall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Agriculture, Prehistoric categories.
Bikeri
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Author : Attila Gyucha
language : en
Publisher: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press
Release Date : 2021-11-15
Bikeri written by Attila Gyucha and has been published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-15 with History categories.
The transition from the Neolithic period to the Copper Age in the northern Balkans and the Carpathian Basin was marked by significant changes in material culture, settlement layout and organization, and mortuary practices that indicate fundamental social transformations in the middle of the fifth millennium BC. Prior research into the Late Neolithic of the region focused almost exclusively on fortified 'tell' settlements. The Early Copper Age, by contrast, was known primarily from cemeteries such as the type site of Tiszapolgar-Basatanya. This edited book describes the multi-disciplinary research conducted by the Koros Regional Archaeological Project in southeastern Hungary from 2000-2007. Centered around two Early Copper Age Tiszapolgar culture villages in the Koros Region of the Great Hungarian Plain, Veszto-Bikeri and Korosladany-Bikeri, our research incorporated excavation, surface collection, geophysical survey and soil chemistry to investigate settlement layout and organization. Our results yielded the first extensive, systematically collected datasets from Early Copper Age settlements on the Great Hungarian Plain. The two adjacent villages at Bikeri, located only 70 m apart, were similar in size, and both were protected with fortifications. Relative and absolute dates demonstrate that they were occupied sequentially during the Early Copper Age, from ca. 4600-4200 cal B.C. The excavated assemblages from the sites are strikingly similar, suggesting that both were occupied by the same community. This process of settlement relocation after only a few generations breaks from the longer-lasting settlement pattern that are typical of the Late Neolithic, but other aspects of the villages continue traditions that were established during the preceding period, including the construction of enclosure systems and longhouses.
Isotopic Investigations Of Pastoralism In Prehistory
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Author : Alicia R. Ventresca Miller
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-18
Isotopic Investigations Of Pastoralism In Prehistory written by Alicia R. Ventresca Miller and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-18 with Social Science categories.
Pastoralists were a vital economic and social force in ancient societies around the globe, transforming landscapes poorly suited for agriculture into spaces of vast productive potential while simultaneously connecting mobile and sedentary communities alike across considerable distances. Drawing from the rich archaeological records of Asia, Africa, and Europe, Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory brings together the latest studies employing heavy and light stable isotopic analyses of humans and animals to investigate pastoralist diets, movement, and animal management strategies. The contributions presented in this volume highlight new methodological developments while simultaneously drawing attention to the diverse environmental factors that contribute to isotopic variation in human, plant, and animal tissues. Particular attention is paid to how pastoralist decisions regarding animal pasturing and mobility can be teased out of complex isotopic datasets, and also to the challenges in extracting information on the scales of human mobility in pastoralist landscapes. This volume will appeal to scholars in archaeology, anthropology, and ecology, as well as those with interests in animal management.
Normative Atypical Or Deviant Interpreting Prehistoric And Protohistoric Child Burial Practices
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Author : Eileen Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2023-08-24
Normative Atypical Or Deviant Interpreting Prehistoric And Protohistoric Child Burial Practices written by Eileen Murphy and has been published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-24 with Psychology categories.
This volume explores the response of the living when dealing with the death of a child. Papers focus on juvenile burial practices in Europe and the Near East during recent prehistory and protohistory. The interpretation of normative, atypical or deviant is interrogated based on the context of the burials and the intentionality of the practice.
Prehistoric Mobility And Diet In The West Eurasian Steppes 3500 To 300 Bc
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Author : Claudia Gerling
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2015-07-01
Prehistoric Mobility And Diet In The West Eurasian Steppes 3500 To 300 Bc written by Claudia Gerling and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with History categories.
Questions concerning mobility and migration as well as subsistence strategies of past societies have always been of major importance in archaeological research. The West Eurasian steppes in the Eneolithic, the Early Bronze and the Iron Age were largely inhabited by cultural communities believed to show an elevated level of spatial mobility, often linked to their subsistence economy. In this volume, questions concerning the mobility and potential migration as well as the diet and economy of the West Eurasian steppes communities during the 4th, the 3rd and the 1st Millennia BC are approached by applying isotope analysis, specifically 87Sr/86Sr, δ18O, δ15N and δ13C analyses. Adapting a combination of different isotopic systems to a study area of vast spatial and chronological dimension allowed a wide variety of questions to be answered and establishes the beginning of a database of biogeochemical data for the West Eurasian steppes. Besides the characterisation of mobility and subsistence patterns of the archaeological communities under discussion, attempts to identify possible Early Bronze Age migrations from the steppes to the steppe-like plains in parts of Eastern Europe were made, alongside an evaluation of the applicability of isotope analysis to this context.
Characterizing Childhood And Diet In Migration Period Hungary
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Author : Kirsten A. Verostick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Characterizing Childhood And Diet In Migration Period Hungary written by Kirsten A. Verostick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Children categories.
This project investigates children, childhood and diet of two different Migration Period (4th-8th century AD) populations, the Gepids and the Avars, in the Great Hungarian Plain. The main goal was to assess whether there are differences in treatment of children and differences in breastfeeding and weaning practices in these distinct sites and populations. Secondarily, this research also focused on characterizing diet for the Gepids and the Avars at four different sites from the Migration Period, to understand how the migration and settling into the region and the assimilation of other groups into the two populations affected their subsistence practices. The Gepids, a Germanic tribe, entered the Great Hungarian Plain (GHP) during the late 4th to early 5th century AD and established a kingdom during the 5th century that can be considered a continuation of the Hunnic Empire. The Avars, a group from Central Asia and the Eurasian steppe zone, entered the GHP during the 6th century and united the Carpathian Basin for over two centuries. The Avars are considered a heterogenous group that incorporated many other groups and populations into their numbers. These two distinct and dynamic groups are both considered agro-pastoralists, though archaeological evidence indicates a shift to a more agrarian lifestyle after they had settled in the region. A total of 131 individuals were sampled from four sites on the GHP spanning 5th to 8th centuries AD. These samples underwent pathological analysis along with stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis to assess diet. A subsample of 38 adults and non-adults had microsampling stable carbon and nitrogen analysis on teeth to assess breastfeeding and weaning patterns. Previous paleodietary analyses and ethnobotanical analyses suggested the Avar consumed millet and were reliant on animal husbandry and secondary animal products, while the Gepids consumed wheat and millet and also practiced animal husbandry.The dietary analysis shows significant differences between the two populations. While both the Gepid and Avar populations consumed millet, the Avar have enriched nitrogen isotope values and were consuming either fish or pigs. The breastfeeding and weaning practices varied between each site, but there is some indication that weaning at certain sites was supplemented by plant resources, and other sites may have had supplementation from animal milk or other animal products. The results indicated that childhood existed as a life stage for the Gepid populations, maybe have existed for the Avar populations. This research is significant because it addresses childhood and children in the GHP, which is highly understudied aspect. This research fills in a geographical and chronological gap of Hungarian history during a period of migration and change.