Khipu
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The Cord Keepers
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Author : Frank L. Salomon
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2004-10-29
The Cord Keepers written by Frank L. Salomon and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-10-29 with History categories.
None of the world’s “lost writings” have proven more perplexing than the mysterious script in which the Inka Empire kept its records. Ancient Andean peoples encoded knowledge in knotted cords of cotton or wool called khipus. In The Cord Keepers, the distinguished anthropologist Frank Salomon breaks new ground with a close ethnography of one Andean village where villagers, surprisingly, have conserved a set of these enigmatic cords to the present day. The “quipocamayos,” as the villagers call them, form a sacred patrimony. Keying his reading to the internal life of the ancient kin groups that own the khipus, Salomon suggests that the multicolored cords, with their knots and lavishly woven ornaments, did not mimic speech as most systems of writing do, but instead were anchored in nonverbal codes. The Cord Keepers makes a compelling argument for a close intrinsic link between rituals and visual-sign systems. It indicates that, while Andean graphic representation may differ radically from familiar ideas of writing, it may not lie beyond the reach of scholarly interpretation. In 1994, Salomon witnessed the use of khipus as civic regalia on the heights of Tupicocha, in Peru’s central Huarochirí region. By observing the rich ritual surrounding them, studying the village’s written records from past centuries, and analyzing the khipus themselves, Salomon opens a fresh chapter in the quest for khipu decipherment. He draws on a decade’s field research, early colonial records, and radiocarbon and fiber analysis. Challenging the prevailing idea that the use of khipus ended under early Spanish colonial rule, Salomon reveals that these beautiful objects served, apparently as late as the early twentieth century, to document households’ contribution to their kin groups and these kin groups’ contribution to their village. The Cord Keepers is a major contribution to Andean history and, more broadly, to understandings of writing and literacy.
Knotted Numbers Mnemonics And Narratives
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Author : Veronica Lysaght
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Knotted Numbers Mnemonics And Narratives written by Veronica Lysaght and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Anthropologists categories.
My thesis explores the works of European and North American khipu scholars (mainly anthropologists) from 1912 until 2010. I analyze how they incorporated aspects of their own culture and values into their interpretations of Inca khipus' structure and functions. As Incas did not leave behind a written language or even clear non-written descriptions of their khipus, khipu scholars interpreted khipus' purposes with a limited base of Inca perspectives. Thus, every work of khipu literature that I study reflects both elements of Inca culture and the author's own cultural perspectives as a twentieth or twenty-first century academic. I show how each work is indicative of modern cultural views on writing, as well as academic movements and broader social trends that were prominent during the author's time.
The Khipu Language Hidden In Knots
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Khipu Language Hidden In Knots written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The Inca used a complex system of records encoded on knotted strings. Study what is known of the khipu, starting with Spanish accounts of their use and the "khipucamayuq" who recorded and read them. Learn how numbers were encoded, and review evidence suggesting that the khipu may contain a form of writing.
Signs Of The Inka Khipu
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Author : Gary Urton
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2009-03-06
Signs Of The Inka Khipu written by Gary Urton and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-06 with Social Science categories.
In an age when computers process immense amounts of information by the manipulation of sequences of 1s and 0s, it remains a frustrating mystery how prehistoric Inka recordkeepers encoded a tremendous variety and quantity of data using only knotted and dyed strings. Yet the comparison between computers and khipu may hold an important clue to deciphering the Inka records. In this book, Gary Urton sets forth a pathbreaking theory that the manipulation of fibers in the construction of khipu created physical features that constitute binary-coded sequences which store units of information in a system of binary recordkeeping that was used throughout the Inka empire. Urton begins his theory with the making of khipu, showing how at each step of the process binary, either/or choices were made. He then investigates the symbolic components of the binary coding system, the amount of information that could have been encoded, procedures that may have been used for reading the khipu, the nature of the khipu signs, and, finally, the nature of the khipu recording system itself--emphasizing relations of markedness and semantic coupling. This research constitutes a major step forward in building a unified theory of the khipu system of information storage and communication based on the sum total of construction features making up these extraordinary objects.
Inka History In Knots
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Author : Gary Urton
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2017-04-04
Inka History In Knots written by Gary Urton and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-04 with History categories.
The world's leading authority on Inka khipus presents a comprehensive overview of the types of information recorded in these knotted strings, demonstrating how they can serve as primary documents for a history of the Inka empire.
Khipu
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Author :
language : es
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Khipu written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with categories.
Narrative Threads
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Author : Jeffrey Quilter
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2010-07-05
Narrative Threads written by Jeffrey Quilter and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-05 with History categories.
The Inka Empire stretched over much of the length and breadth of the South American Andes, encompassed elaborately planned cities linked by a complex network of roads and messengers, and created astonishing works of architecture and artistry and a compelling mythology—all without the aid of a graphic writing system. Instead, the Inkas' records consisted of devices made of knotted and dyed strings—called khipu—on which they recorded information pertaining to the organization and history of their empire. Despite more than a century of research on these remarkable devices, the khipu remain largely undeciphered. In this benchmark book, twelve international scholars tackle the most vexed question in khipu studies: how did the Inkas record and transmit narrative records by means of knotted strings? The authors approach the problem from a variety of angles. Several essays mine Spanish colonial sources for details about the kinds of narrative encoded in the khipu. Others look at the uses to which khipu were put before and after the Conquest, as well as their current use in some contemporary Andean communities. Still others analyze the formal characteristics of khipu and seek to explain how they encode various kinds of numerical and narrative data.
Deciphering The Multilevel Khipu Structures
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Author : Maria Koulouri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Deciphering The Multilevel Khipu Structures written by Maria Koulouri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Decolonization in literature categories.
A History Of The Khipu
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Author : Galen Brokaw
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-03-15
A History Of The Khipu written by Galen Brokaw and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-15 with History categories.
This book begins by proposing a theoretical model that reconciles orality-literacy studies and media theory in order to avoid the specious dichotomization of societies into those with and those without writing. The more relevant issue is the way in which a given society distributes semiotic functions among the various media that it employs and the forms of economic and political integration within which such media function. This theoretical model then informs a history of the Andean khipu from pre-Columbian times through the first 120 years of the colonial period. The first half of the book examines early Andean media and their socioeconomic and political contexts, culminating with the emergence of Wari and subsequently Inca khipu. The second half of the book documents and analyzes the continued use of khipu by indigenous individuals and communities in their interactions with Spanish officials, chroniclers, and priests. The study corrects many common misconceptions, such as the alleged mass destruction of khipu in the late sixteenth century. Even more importantly, it highlights the dialogue that occurred in the colonial period between the administrative and historiographic discourses of alphabetic Spanish and those of native Andean khipu genres.
The Entablo Manuscript
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Author : Sarah Bennison
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2023-09-26
The Entablo Manuscript written by Sarah Bennison and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-26 with History categories.
"The Andes are a dry region. Water from melting glaciers, however, forms rivers and lakes that feed irrigation canals that have sustained communities for thousands of years. Managing and maintaining these water resources, then, is essential, and it is not surprising that the attendant responsibilities are grounded in religion. In 1921, in the village of San Pedro de Casta, Peru, when some folks were shirking their responsibilities (and claiming there was nothing written down to hold them accountable), local authorities detailed their duties in a Spanish-language document called the Entablo. This project consists of a critical introduction to the Entablo, a diplomatic transcription of the Spanish language manuscript, and an annotated English translation. The Entablo offers a wealth of insight into local rituals, religion, and community history, especially at an historical moment when these communities were changing rapidly. One of the unique aspects of the Entablo is that it provides instructions for the use of khipu boards, devices that meld the traditional khipus with a written alphabet"--