Kinetic Theory In The Earth Sciences
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Kinetic Theory In The Earth Sciences
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Author : Antonio C. Lasaga
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University
Release Date : 1998
Kinetic Theory In The Earth Sciences written by Antonio C. Lasaga and has been published by Princeton University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Science categories.
The Earth is shaped by processes as fleeting as molecular motion and as slow as the movement of tectonic plates. This landmark book is the first comprehensive treatment of the huge range of kinetic processes that lie along the continuum from one of these extremes to the other. A leading researcher in modern geochemistry and geophysics, Antonio Lasaga reviews the theories and quantitative tools that explain these processes, and he shows how they can be applied in the field and laboratory. Chapters focus on such theoretical topics as rate laws of chemical reactions, transport theory, diffusion, irreversible thermodynamics, nucleation theory, and the theory of crystal growth and dissolution. These theories help to explain such kinetic processes as molecular complexation, fluid flow, weathering, oxidation, nucleation, growth, magma generation, biological membrane reactions, atmospheric gas reactions, geochemical cycles, mantle creep, subduction, and erosion.Throughout, Lasaga emphasizes the need to view earth-science phenomena as ongoing processes--to add fully the element of time to models of earth dynamics. He draws on extensive knowledge of geology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics and makes creative use of numerous examples from both nature and the laboratory. Kinetic Theory in the Earth Sciences will be essential reading for geologists and chemists who wish to understand the application of chemical kinetics to the workings of the Earth.
Gaskinetic Theory
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Author : Tamas I. Gombosi
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994-06-30
Gaskinetic Theory written by Tamas I. Gombosi and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-06-30 with Nature categories.
This introduction to the molecular theory of gases and modern transport theory includes such basic concepts as distribution function, classical theory of specific heats, binary collisions, mean free path and reaction rates, as well as topics relevant to advanced transport theory.
Kinetic Theory
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Author : S. G. Brush
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-07-04
Kinetic Theory written by S. G. Brush and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-04 with Science categories.
Kinetic Theory, Volume I: The Nature of Gases and of Heat deals with kinetic theory and the nature of gases and heat. A comprehensive account of the life, works, and historical environment of a number of scientists such as Robert Boyle and Hermann von Helmholtz is presented. This volume is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with an overview of the caloric theory, the principle of conservation of energy, the ""virial theorem,"" and atomic magnitudes. The discussion then turns to the qualitative atomic theory of the ""spring"" of the air, proposed by Robert Boyle; Isaac Newton's repulsion theory; Daniel Bernoulli's thery on the properties and motions of elastic fluids, especially air; and George Gregory's theory on the existence of fire. Subsequent chapters focus on Robert Mayer's theory on the forces of inorganic nature; James Joule's theory on matter, living force, and heat; Hermann von Helmholtz's theory on the conservation of force; and Rudolf Clausius's theory on the nature of heat. James Clerk Maxwell's dynamical theory of gases is also examined. This book is written primarily for students and research workers in physics, as well as for historians of science.
Basic Principles Of Physics Applied To Earth Sciences
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Author : Maurizio Mattesini
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2023-09-08
Basic Principles Of Physics Applied To Earth Sciences written by Maurizio Mattesini and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-08 with Science categories.
This textbook provides an introduction to physics for first-year undergraduate students of geology and related disciplines, such as Earth and marine sciences, environmental science and geography. The textbook covers all the topics traditionally included in basic physics courses, emphasizing the fundamental concepts of physics to explain various geological phenomena. While maintaining mathematical rigor, the book uses basic and intermediate math skills to enhance comprehension. One of the notable features of this book is the proposed methodology to consolidate the comprehension of physics in students of the geological sciences; unlike more traditional approaches that start with a specific geological problem, this textbook introduces and explains basic physics theories first, which are then applied to Earth science problems. The book's structure, with figures and solved problems in each chapter, is universally applicable, serving students and professors worldwide without regional constraints.
Dynamics Of The Earth
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Author : V. I. Ferronsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-04
Dynamics Of The Earth written by V. I. Ferronsky and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-04 with Science categories.
In their search for solutions to problems concerning the dynamics of the Earth as a self-gravitating body, the authors have applied the fundamentals found in their book “Jacobi Dynamics” (1987, Reidel). First, satellite observations have shown that the Earth does not remain in hydrostatic equilibrium, which forms the physical basis of modern geodynamics. Secondly, satellite data have established a relationship between the planet’s polar moment of inertia and the potential of the Earth’s outer force field, which proves the most basic point of Jacobi dynamics. This allowed the authors to revise their derivation of the classical virial theorem, introducing the concept of a volumetric force and volumetric moment, and so to obtain a generalized virial theorem in the form of Jacobi’s equation. The main dynamical effects are: the kinetic energy of oscillation of the interacting particles, which explains the physical meaning and nature of gravitational forces; separation of shells of a self-gravitating body with respect to its mass density; differences in angular velocities of the shell’s rotation; continuity in variance of the potential of the outer gravitational force field, together with reductions in the envelope of the interacting masses (volumetric center of gravity); the nature of Earth, Moon and satellite precession; the nature and generating mechanism of the planet’s electromagnetic field; the common nature of gravitational and electromagnetic energy, and other related issues. The work is a logical continuation of the book "Jacobi Dynamics" and is intended for researchers, teachers and students engaged in theoretical and experimental research in various branches of astronomy, geophysics, planetology and cosmogony, and for students of celestial, statistical, quantum and relativistic mechanics and hydrodynamics.
Mechanics In The Earth And Environmental Sciences
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Author : Gerard V. Middleton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994-08-26
Mechanics In The Earth And Environmental Sciences written by Gerard V. Middleton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-08-26 with Science categories.
The study of the Earth and the environment requires an understanding of the physical processes within and at the surface of the Earth. This book will allow the student to develop a broad working knowledge of mechanics and its application to the earth and environmental sciences. The mathematics are introduced at a level that assumes only an understanding of first-year calculus. The concepts are then developed to allow an understanding of the basic physics for a wide range of natural processes. These are illustrated by examples from many real situations, such as the application of the theory of flow through porous media to the study of groundwater, the viscosity of fluids to the flow of lava, and the theory of stress to the study of faults. The breadth of topics will allow students and professionals to gain an insight into the workings of many aspects of the Earth's systems.
Physical Processes In Earth And Environmental Sciences
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Author : Mike R. Leeder
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-04-01
Physical Processes In Earth And Environmental Sciences written by Mike R. Leeder and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-01 with Science categories.
This book provides a sound introduction to the basic physicalprocesses that dominate the workings of the Earth, its atmosphereand hydrosphere. It systematically introduces the physicalprocesses involved in the Earth’s systems without assuming anadvanced physics or mathematical background. Offers an integrated approach to the study of earth, marine andatmospheric environmental sciences, reflecting current trends inundergraduate courses. Natural examples of physical processes, rather than abstractphysics and maths, are used throughout to illustrate the scientificprinciples involved. Artwork from the book is available to instructors online atwww.blackwellpublishing.com/leeder.
The Origin Of The Earth
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Author : Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1916
The Origin Of The Earth written by Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1916 with Cosmogony categories.
Mother Nature S Two Laws
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Author : A. D. Kirwan
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2000
Mother Nature S Two Laws written by A. D. Kirwan and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
"This book provides excellent examples of scientific critical thinking and a significant bibliography as a starting point for further study. Highly recommended for general reading, and required reading for undergraduate science majors." Choice, 2001
Earth Science
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Author : PRABHU TL
language : en
Publisher: NestFame Creations Pvt Ltd.
Release Date :
Earth Science written by PRABHU TL and has been published by NestFame Creations Pvt Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Earth science is the study of planet Earth. It covers all aspects of the planet from the deep inner core to the outer layers of the atmosphere. There are many fields of science that are part of Earth science including geology (rocks and minerals), paleontology (dinosaurs and fossils), meteorology (atmosphere and the weather), and oceanography just to name a few. Earth Science is the study of the Earth and its neighbors in space. It is an exciting science with many interesting and practical applications. Some Earth scientists use their knowledge of the Earth to locate and develop energy and mineral resources. Others study the impact of human activity on Earth's environment, and design methods to protect the planet. Some use their knowledge about Earth processes such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes to plan communities that will not expose people to these dangerous events. Many different sciences are used to learn about the Earth; however, the four basic areas of Earth science study are: geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy. Mapping the inside of a volcano: Dr. Catherine Snelson, Assistant Professor of Geophysics at New Mexico Tech, sets off small explosions on the flank of Mount Erebus (a volcano in Antarctica). Vibrations from the explosions travel into the Earth and reflect off of structures below. Her instruments record the vibrations. She uses the data to prepare maps of the volcano's interior. Photo courtesy of Martin Reed, the National Science Foundation and the United States Antarctic Program. Learn more about what Dr. Snelson and others are doing to learn about Mount Erebus. Geology is the primary Earth science. The word means "study of the Earth." Geology deals with the composition of Earth materials, Earth structures, and Earth processes. It is also concerned with the organisms of the planet and how the planet has changed over time. Geologists search for fuels and minerals, study natural hazards, and work to protect Earth's environment. Mapping lava flows: Charlie Bacon, a USGS volcanologist, draws the boundaries of prehistoric lava flows from Mount Veniaminof, Alaska, onto a map. This map will show the areas covered by past lava eruptions and can be used to estimate the potential impact of future eruptions. Scientists in Alaska often carry firearms (foreground) and pepper spray as protection against grizzly bears. The backpack contains food and survival gear, and a two-way radio to call his helicopter pilot. Charlie's orange overalls help the pilot find him on pick-up day. Image by Charlie Bacon, USGS / Alaska Volcano Observatory. Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere and how processes in the atmosphere determine Earth's weather and climate. Meteorology is a very practical science because everyone is concerned about the weather. How climate changes over time in response to the actions of people is a topic of urgent worldwide concern. The study of meteorology is of critical importance in protecting Earth's environment. Hydrologic Cycle: Earth Science involves the study of systems such as the hydrologic cycle. This type of system can only be understood by using a knowledge of geology (groundwater), meteorology (weather and climate), oceanography (ocean systems) and astronomy (energy input from the sun). The hydrologic cycle is always in balance - inputs and withdrawals must be equal. Earth scientists would determine the impact of any human input or withdraw from the system. NOAA image created by Peter Corrigan. Oceanography is the study of Earth's oceans - their composition, movement, organisms and processes. The oceans cover most of our planet and are important resources for food and other commodities. They are increasingly being used as an energy source. The oceans also have a major influence on the weather, and changes in the oceans can drive or moderate climate change. Oceanographers work to develop the ocean as a resource and protect it from human impact. The goal is to utilize the oceans while minimizing the effects of our actions. Astronomy is the study of the universe. Here are some examples of why studying space beyond Earth is important: the moon drives the ocean's tidal system, asteroid impacts have repeatedly devastated Earth's inhabitants, and energy from the sun drives our weather and climates. A knowledge of astronomy is essential to understanding the Earth. Astronomers can also use a knowledge of Earth materials, processes and history to understand other planets - even those outside of our own solar system. Today we live in a time when the Earth and its inhabitants face many challenges. Our climate is changing, and that change is being caused by human activity. Earth scientists recognized this problem and will play a key role in efforts to resolve it. We are also challenged to: develop new sources of energy that will have minimal impact on climate; locate new sources of metals and other mineral resources as known sources are depleted; and, determine how Earth's increasing population can live and avoid serious threats such as volcanic activity, earthquakes, landslides, floods and more. These are just a few of the problems where solutions depend upon a deep understanding of Earth science.