La France Et L Otan 1949 1996
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La France Et L Otan 1949 1996
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Author : Maurice Vaïsse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
La France Et L Otan 1949 1996 written by Maurice Vaïsse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Europe categories.
France Nato And The Limits Of Independence 1981 97
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Author : A. Menon
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2000-01-12
France Nato And The Limits Of Independence 1981 97 written by A. Menon and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-12 with Political Science categories.
This book presents the first in-depth assessment of France's policies towards NATO between 1981 and 1997. It also provides a critical assessment of these policies. It argues that France's arms-length relationship with NATO's integrated military structure served its purpose during the Cold War, but increasingly came to impose high costs thereafter.
Nato Britain France And The Frg
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Author : B. Heuser
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1999-09-03
Nato Britain France And The Frg written by B. Heuser and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-09-03 with Political Science categories.
Containing the histories (from 1945 to the present) of the nuclear strategies of NATO, Britain and France, and of the defence preferences of the FRG (West Germany), this book shows how strategies were functions of a perceived Soviet threat and an American 'nuclear guarantee'. There were three options for West Europeans: a compromise with differing American needs in NATO, pursued by Britain and the FRG; national nuclear forces, developed by Britain and France; and projects for an independent European nuclear force.
The Making Of D Tente
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Author : Wilfried Loth
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-04-05
The Making Of D Tente written by Wilfried Loth and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-05 with History categories.
Containing essays by leading Cold War scholars, such as Wilfried Loth, Geir Lundestad and Seppo Hentilä, this volume offers a broad-ranging examination of the history of détente in the Cold War. The ten years from 1965 to 1975 marked a deep transformation of the bipolar international system of the Cold War. The Vietnam War and the Prague Spring showed the limits of the two superpowers, who were constrained to embark on a wide-ranging détente policy, which culminated with the SALT agreements of 1972. At the same time this very détente opened new venues for the European countries: French policy towards the USSR and the German Ostpolitik being the most evident cases in point. For the first time since the 1950s, Western Europe began to participate in the shaping of the Cold War. The same could not be said of Eastern Europe, but ferments began to establish themselves there which would ultimately lead to the astounding changes of 1989-90: the Prague Spring, the uprisings in Gdansk in 1970 and generally the rise of the dissident movement. That last process being directly linked to the far-reaching event which marked the end of that momentous decade: the Helsinki conference. The Making of Détente will appeal to students of the Cold War, international history and European contemporary history.
Command In Nato After The Cold War
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Author : Thomas-Durell Young
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Command In Nato After The Cold War written by Thomas-Durell Young and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Command and control systems categories.
The publication of this compendium could not be more timely as a contribution to the debate which continues in NATO capitals. NATO is an alliance based on consensus. It is also the most effective military alliance in history; this is largely due to the existence of its integrated and multinational command structure. That command structure, the cement of the Alliance as it were, derives from the mutual obligations contained in Article V of the North Atlantic Treaty. This contractual obligation, which does not exist for the other missions which have arisen since 1990, means that the defence of NATO territory must be the basis of any restructuring. If we were to move away from this and thus weaken the command structure, even with the best intentions, then it is my firm conviction that we would do serious harm to the Alliance and its future. On the other hand, a modified command structure, still based on the Article V contractual obligation, provides a firm basis, as well as flexibility, versatility, and availability for any non- contractual, namely out-of-area, requirement. Command structures do not exist of their own accord. They come into being, change, and develop, to permit commanders at the appropriate level, from top to bottom, to orchestrate the application of military force at sea, in the air, and on land. There is, however, a limit to which one can impose responsibilities on commanders, who after all are personally responsible for the conduct of operations, and a limit to the amount of specialisation and detail with which they can cope. This is why we have hierarchical command structures with each commander dealing with the appropriate level of competence. It is why at certain levels command should be joint and at others purely functional. How many levels of command are needed will be dictated by the operations factors of time, forces, and space.
France Germany And Nuclear Deterrence
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Author : Nicolas Badalassi
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2022-01-14
France Germany And Nuclear Deterrence written by Nicolas Badalassi and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-14 with History categories.
The legacy of World War II and the division of Eastern and Western Europe produced a radical asymmetry, and a variety of misgivings and misunderstandings, in French and German experiences of the nuclear age. At the same time, however, political actors in both nations continually labored to reconcile their differences and engage in productive strategic dialogue. Grounded in cutting-edge research and freshly discovered archival sources, France, Germany, and Nuclear Deterrence teases out the paradoxical nuclear interactions between France and Germany from 1954 to the present day.
Survival 47 3
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Author : Allin
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2005-08
Survival 47 3 written by Allin and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08 with History categories.
First published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Which Socialism Whose D Tente
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Author : Maud Bracke
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2007-01-01
Which Socialism Whose D Tente written by Maud Bracke and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-01 with Political Science categories.
"The 1968-1969 Czechoslovak crisis was first and foremost a major crisis of European detente. While the Prague Spring was made possible by the immediate and unchecked consequences of early detente in Europe, its crushing sharply brought out the contradictions of detente as understood by the global Cold War protagonists. In a similar way as the Czecho-slovak crisis reflected the ambivalence at the heart of detente, the West European Communist Parties' responses to it revealed the ambivalence of detente as a context for radical social change, either in the East of the West. The scholarly literature on the PCI and PCF has, often in an unproblematic way, understood the shift from Cold War to detente on the European continent in the mid-1960s as a development essentially positive to these parties. The present study argues against this and demonstrates how the shift from the Cold War of the 1950s to detente in Europe reformulated the impasse of revolution or radical change in the West, rather than putting an end to it." Book jacket.
French Foreign Policy Since 1945
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Author : Frédéric Bozo
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2016-08-01
French Foreign Policy Since 1945 written by Frédéric Bozo and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-01 with History categories.
When Charles de Gaulle declared that “it is because we are no longer a great power that we need a grand policy,” he neatly summarized France’s predicament on the world scene. In this compact and engaging history, author Frédéric Bozo deftly recounts France’s efforts to reconcile its proud history and global ambitions with a realistic appraisal of its capabilities, from the aftermath of World War II to the present. He provides insightful analysis of the nation’s triumphs and setbacks through the years of decolonization, Cold War maneuvering, and European unification, as well as the more contemporary challenges posed by an increasingly multipolar and interconnected world.
The Third Option
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Author : Charles G. Cogan
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2001-09-30
The Third Option written by Charles G. Cogan and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-09-30 with Political Science categories.
It was logical to expect that the European Economic and Monetary Union would lead ineluctably to an autonomous European defense; the very size of the European Union seems to demand it. The EU eventually will reach the point where its economic and demographic weight will far exceed that of the United States. Can it not be expected too that the EU will seek to make this weight felt internationally? Cogan tracks the halting creation of an independent European military structure, a third way between national armies and ATO, since the Iron Curtain's fall. With the Cold War's end and subsequent western engagements in Central and Eastern Europe, it is no longer a question of whether NATO and the EU compare; they now must relate. They have to coordinate their planning and force postures so as to avoid duplication of resources and efforts. Although NATO's integrated command structure theoretically was an anomaly with the end of the Cold War, it nevertheless turned out to be the case in Bosnia, and later Kosovo, that nothing was possible until the Americans intervened. The virtue of integrated command -- American participation and know-how -- was once again seen as crucially important, despite the increasingly anachronistic deficit of sovereignty for Western Europe in defense matters. In the long run, Europe's economic power must be balanced by its military and diplomatic might.