Labor Decisions By Agricultural Households
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Labor Decisions By Agricultural Households
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Author : Jill Leslie Findeis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Labor Decisions By Agricultural Households written by Jill Leslie Findeis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Agricultural laborers categories.
The Labour Allocation Decisions Of Farm Households
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Author : Trevor Donnellan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Labour Allocation Decisions Of Farm Households written by Trevor Donnellan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Agricultural laborers categories.
This paper presents a theoretical model for the analysis of decisions regarding farm household labour allocation. The agricultural household model is selected as the most appropriate theoretical framework; a model based on the assumption that households behave to maximise utility, which is a function of consumption and leisure, and is subject to time and budget constraints. The model can be used to describe the role of government subsidies in farm household labour allocation decisions; in particular the impact of decoupled subsidies on labour allocation can be examined. Decoupled subsidies are a labour-free payment and as such represent an increase in labour-free income or wealth. An increase in wealth allows farm households to work less while maintaining consumption. On the other hand, decoupled subsidies represent a decline in the return to farm labour and may lead to a substitution effect, i.e., farmers may choose to substitute non-farm work for farm work. The theoretical framework proposed in this paper allows for the examination of these two conflicting effects.
Agricultural Household Models
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Author : Inderjit Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Agricultural Household Models written by Inderjit Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Agricultural industries categories.
This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
Essays On Off Farm Labor Market Participation Farm Production Decisions And Household Economic Wellbeing
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Author : Mary W. Kiiru Mathenge
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Essays On Off Farm Labor Market Participation Farm Production Decisions And Household Economic Wellbeing written by Mary W. Kiiru Mathenge and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Agricultural laborers categories.
Intrahousehold Preference Heterogeneity And Demand For Labor Saving Agricultural Technology The Case Of Mechanical Rice Transplanting In India
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Author : Kajal Gulati
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2019-10-30
Intrahousehold Preference Heterogeneity And Demand For Labor Saving Agricultural Technology The Case Of Mechanical Rice Transplanting In India written by Kajal Gulati and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-30 with Political Science categories.
Evaluations of agricultural technologies rarely consider how adoption may alter the labor allocation of different household members. We examine intrahousehold decision-making dynamics that shape smallholder agricultural households' decision to hire in mechanical rice transplanting (MRT), a technology that reduces demand for labor. To study the adoption decision, we employ an experimental approach to estimating the willingness-to-pay for MRT services, both at the level of individual men and women within the same households, as well as at the overall household level. We find that women value MRT more than men, but this difference in valuation is not driven by differences in their individual characteristics, but primarily by differences in preferences. Although women value MRT more than men, they have less influence over the ultimate technology adoption decision. In households with women working as outside hired laborers, the intrahousehold differences in MRT valuation disappear, suggesting that women value MRT as a means of reallocating on-farm labor to other unpaid family work. Labor-saving mechanization, such as MRT, may have important implications for rural labor markets and on the (gendered) division of labor within agricultural households.
Agricultural Productivity And Off Farm Labor Decisions By Heads And Spouses In Nicaragua
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Author : Alexandre Nunes de Almeida
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Agricultural Productivity And Off Farm Labor Decisions By Heads And Spouses In Nicaragua written by Alexandre Nunes de Almeida and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants of off-farm labor supply by heads of household and their spouses in Nicaragua. Using a three-year balanced panel dataset, we refine the approach introduced by Jacoby (1993) and Skoufias (1994) to estimate shadow wages and shadow income, and we also apply the semiparametric approach developed by Kyriazidou (1997) to panel data which mitigates biases not only from some key individual and farm time-invariant characteristics but also from sample selection. The main findings suggest that the shadow wages and shadow income of household heads and their spouses play a major role in the supply of labor to off-farm activities. When the marginal productivity of agricultural households goes up, there is a reduction in hours allocated to off-farm activities. We also find that education, age, remittances, household size, and whether sons and daughters work are related to off-farm labor supply, with significant differences between their effect on heads and their spouses.
Production Consumption And Labor Supply Decisions Of Farm Households
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Author : Wallace E. Huffman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Production Consumption And Labor Supply Decisions Of Farm Households written by Wallace E. Huffman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Farmers, Part-time categories.
Farms Families And Markets
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Author : Daniel LaFave
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Farms Families And Markets written by Daniel LaFave and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Agricultural laborers categories.
The farm household model has played a central role in improving the understanding of small-scale agricultural households and non-farm enterprises. Under the assumptions that all current and future markets exist and that farmers treat all prices as given, the model simplifies households' simultaneous production and consumption decisions into a recursive form in which production decisions can be treated as if they are independent of preferences of household members. These assumptions, which are the foundation of a large literature in labor and development have been tested and not rejected in several important studies, notably Benjamin (1992). Using new, longitudinal survey data from Central Java, Indonesia, this paper tests a key prediction of the recursive model: demand for farm labor is unrelated to the demographic composition of the farm household. This prediction is rejected. This rejection is not explained by contamination due to unobserved heterogeneity at the farm level, potential endogeneity of household demographic composition, nor differential monitoring costs for family and hired labor. The difference in conclusions can be attributed to implausibly low levels of family labor in the data used by Benjamin.
A Model Of An Agricultural Household
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Author : Howard Barnum
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Release Date : 1979
A Model Of An Agricultural Household written by Howard Barnum and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Business & Economics categories.
A model addressing agricultural responses to public interventions is described. The model is confined to the short run, and it allows an assessment of the policy significance of changes in five variables that are exogenous to the household. The first variable is the price of the main agricultural output, emphasizing the elasticities of both output and market surplus; the second is the wage rate for agricultural labor, focusing on the elasticities of household labor supply and demand for hired labor; the third is the size of the family labor force, which is essential for estimating shadow wage rates; the fourth is the number of dependents, in order to permit an assessment of family planning policies; and the final variable is technology. The main features of the model are the role of the labor market, household production, household consumption, and the aggregate effect of household responses. Applicaton of the model to the Muda River Valley demonstrates that it is appropriate to a number of policy isues ranging from output price intervention to technological innovaton. Specifically, the model indicates that the economic cost of rural to urban migration is small when compared to the marginal productivity of the migrant before his departure.
Labour Allocation Decisions Of Small Holder Agricultural Households In Zimbabwe
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Author : Innocent Matshe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Labour Allocation Decisions Of Small Holder Agricultural Households In Zimbabwe written by Innocent Matshe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.