Laboratory Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Characterization In Virginia
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Laboratory Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Characterization In Virginia
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Laboratory Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Characterization In Virginia written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Asphalt categories.
This project reviewed existing laboratory methods for accurately describing the constitutive behavior of the mixes used in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Indirect tensile (IDT) strength, resilient modulus, static creep in the IDT and uniaxial modes, flexural beam fatigue, and dynamic modulus tests were conducted on two typical mixes used in Virginia: SM-9.5A (surface mix) and BM-25.0 (base mix). The tests conducted produced a wealth of data on typical values for the properties of the two mixes studied over a wide range of temperatures and loading frequencies. The results suggest that the IDT strength test is an effective test to characterize the tensile strength of hot-mix asphalt (HMA), especially for thermal cracking evaluation. The resilient modulus test and the static creep test in the IDT setup are practical and simple to perform, but the analysis of the measurements is complicated, and the variability of the results is high. The compressive uniaxial dynamic modulus and the uniaxial static creep tests were found to be simple to conduct and to analyze because of the homogeneous state of stress in the specimen during testing. The flexural fatigue test was time consuming, but the test produces valuable information about the fatigue properties of hot-mix asphalt. The investigation also found good correlations among the IDT strength, resilient modulus, and dynamic modulus results. A variety of tests is recommended for characterizing the mechanistic-empirical pavement analysis and design. These tests would provide the properties needed to characterize the asphalt layers for the pavement analysis and design. The recommended tests are as follows: IDT strength for characterizing HMA susceptibility to thermal cracking, dynamic modulus for characterization of the constitutive behavior of the HMA, uniaxial creep for characterizing permanent deformation characteristics, and flexural fatigue tests to characterize fatigue properties. Materials characterization testing can be a valuable tool in pavement design. The use of mechanistic-empirical modeling can be used to predict the performance of a pavement. With this type of testing and modeling, the materials used in pavements will be of better quality and more resistant to environmental and structural deterioration. A more durable pavement will aid in reducing the frequency and costs associated with maintenance.
Introduction To Unmanned Aircraft Systems Second Edition
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Author : Douglas M. Marshall
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-10-26
Introduction To Unmanned Aircraft Systems Second Edition written by Douglas M. Marshall and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-26 with Political Science categories.
The proliferation of technological capability, miniaturization, and demand for aerial intelligence is pushing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into the realm of a multi-billion dollar industry. This book surveys the UAS landscape from history to future applications. It discusses commercial applications, integration into the national airspace system (NAS), System function, operational procedures, safety concerns, and a host of other relevant topics. The book is dynamic and well-illustrated with separate sections for terminology and web- based resources for further information.
Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Long And Deep Tunnels
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Author : Vittorio Guglielmetti
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-15
Long And Deep Tunnels written by Vittorio Guglielmetti and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The design and construction of “long and deep” tunnels, i.e. tunnels under mountains, characterised by either considerable length and/or overburden, represent a considerable challenge. The scope of this book is not to instruct how to design and construct such tunnels but to share a method to identify the potential hazards related to the process of designing and constructing long and deep tunnels, to produce a relevant comprehensive analysis and listing, to quantify the probability and consequences, and to design proper mitigation measures and countermeasures. The design, developed using probabilistic methods, is verified during execution by means of the so called Plan for Advance of the Tunnel (PAT) method, which allows adapting the design and control parameters of the future stretches of the tunnel to the results of the stretches already finished, using the monitoring data base. Numerous criteria are given to identify the key parameters, necessary for the PAT procedure. Best practices of excavation management with the help of real time monitoring and control are also provided. Furthermore cost and time evaluation systems are analysed. Finally, contractual aspects related to construction by contract are investigated, for best development and application of models more appropriate for tunnelling-construction contracts. The work will be of interest to practising engineers, designers, consultants and students in mining, underground, tunnelling, transportation and construction engineering, as well as to foundation and geological engineers, urban planners/developers and architects.
Determination Of The In Place Hot Mix Asphalt Layer Modulus For Rehabilitation Projects Using A Mechanistic Empirical Procedure
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Author : Amara Loulizi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Determination Of The In Place Hot Mix Asphalt Layer Modulus For Rehabilitation Projects Using A Mechanistic Empirical Procedure written by Amara Loulizi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Pavements, Asphalt categories.
This project evaluated the procedures proposed by the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) to characterize existing hot-mix asphalt (HMA) layers for rehabilitation purposes. Thirty-three cores were extracted from nine sites in Virginia to measure their dynamic moduli in the lab. Falling-weight deflectometer (FWD) testing was performed at the sites because the backcalculated moduli are needed for the Level 1 procedure. The resilient modulus was also measured in the lab because it is needed for the Level 2 procedure. A visual pavement rating was performed based on pavement condition because it is needed for the Level 3 procedure. The selected cores were tested for their bulk densities (Gmb) using the AASHTO T166 procedure and then for their dynamic modulus in accordance with the AASHTO TP62-03 standard test method. Then the cores were broken down and tested for their maximum theoretical specific gravity (Gmm) using the AASHTO T-209 procedure. Finally an ignition test was performed to find the percentage of binder and to reclaim the aggregate for gradation analysis. Volumetric properties were then calculated and used as input for the Witczak dynamic modulus prediction equations to find what the MEPDG calls the undamaged master curve of the HMA layer. The FWD data, resilient modulus data, and pavement rating were used to find the damaged master curve of the HMA layer as suggested for input Levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. It was found that the resilient modulus data needed for a Level 2 type of analysis do not represent the entire HMA layer thickness, and therefore it was recommended that this analysis should not be performed by VDOT when implementing the design guide. The use of Level 1 data is recommended because FWD testing appears to be the only procedure investigated that can measure the overall condition of the entire HMA layer.
Performance Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Including Fundamental And Empirical Procedures
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Author : Louay Nadhim Mohammad
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 2006
Performance Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Including Fundamental And Empirical Procedures written by Louay Nadhim Mohammad and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Anisotropy categories.
Warm Mix Asphalt Study
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Author : David Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Warm Mix Asphalt Study written by David Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Pavements, Asphalt concrete categories.
Laboratory Testing And Economic Analysis Of High Rap Warm Mixed Asphalt
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Author : Isaac Lem Howard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Laboratory Testing And Economic Analysis Of High Rap Warm Mixed Asphalt written by Isaac Lem Howard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Asphalt industry categories.
Asphalt Mixtures 2001
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Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Asphalt Mixtures 2001 written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Fatigue Life Characterization Of Superpave Mixtures At The Virginia Smart Road
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Author : Imad L. Al-Qadi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Fatigue Life Characterization Of Superpave Mixtures At The Virginia Smart Road written by Imad L. Al-Qadi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Pavements, Asphalt categories.
Laboratory fatigue testing was performed on six Superpave HMA mixtures in use at the Virginia Smart Road. Evaluation of the applied strain and resulting fatigue life was performed to fit regressions to predict the fatigue performance of each mixture. Differences in fatigue performance due to field and laboratory production and compaction methods were investigated. Also, in-situ mixtures were compared to mixtures produced accurately from the job mix formula to determine if changes occurring between the laboratory and batch plant significantly affected fatigue life. Results from the fatigue evaluation allowed verification of several hypotheses related to mixture production and compaction and fatigue performance. It was determined that location within the pavement surface, such as inner or outer wheelpath or center-of-lane, did not significantly affect laboratory fatigue test results, although the location will have significant effects on in-situ fatigue life. Also the orientation of samples cut from an in-situ pavement (parallel or perpendicular to the direction of traffic) had only a minor effect on the laboratory fatigue life, because the variability inherent in the pavement due to material variability is greater than the variability induced by compaction. Fatigue life of laboratory-compacted samples was found to be greater than fatigue life of field-compacted samples; additionally, the variability of the laboratory compacted mixture was found to be less than that of the field-compacted samples. However, it was also found that batch-plant production significantly reduces specimen variability as compared to small-batch laboratory production when the same laboratory compaction is used on both specimen sets. Finally, for Smart Road mixtures produced according to the job mix formula, the use of polymer-modified binder or stone matrix asphalt was shown to increase the expected fatigue life. However, results for all mixes indicated that fatigue resistance rankings might change depending on the applied strain level. This study contributes to the understanding of the factors involved in fatigue performance of asphalt mixtures. Considering that approximately 95% of Virginia's interstate and primary roadways incorporate asphalt surface mixtures, and that fatigue is a leading cause of deterioration, gains in the understanding of fatigue processes and prevention have great potential payoff by improving both the mixture and pavement design practices.