Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Atoms
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Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Atoms
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Atoms written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.
In 1988, before the beginning of the current contract period, our group discovered that sodium atoms could be laser cooled well below the lower limit (the 'Doppler limit') predicted by the then generally accepted theory. Two main consequences of that discovery were a revamping of the theory of laser cooling and a renewed interest in the applications of laser cooling because of the far lower temperatures. Both of these effects are continuing in full force today, and this report is in large part a record of our group's continuing involvement in the new developments in laser cooling during the past three years. The work of the NIST laser cooling group falls functionally into the categories of: investigating laser cooling mechanisms; studies of collisions between laser cooled atoms; development of new trapping techniques for neutral atoms; study of the fluorescent spectrum of laser cooled atoms; manipulation of atoms and atom optics; development of coherent sources of vacuum ultraviolet light for laser cooling and high resolution spectroscopy; application of laser cooling and trapping technology to atomic frequency standards.
Laser Cooling And Trapping
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Author : Harold J. Metcalf
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Laser Cooling And Trapping written by Harold J. Metcalf and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Intended for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduates with some basic knowledge of optics and quantum mechanics, this text begins with a review of the relevant results of quantum mechanics, before turning to the electromagnetic interactions involved in slowing and trapping atoms and ions, in both magnetic and optical traps. The concluding chapters discuss a broad range of applications, from atomic clocks and studies of collision processes, to diffraction and interference of atomic beams at optical lattices and Bose-Einstein condensation.
Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Atoms
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Author : C. S. Adams
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Atoms written by C. S. Adams and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Laser cooling categories.
Physics With Cold Atoms
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Author : Pradip Narayan Ghosh
language : en
Publisher: Allied Publishers
Release Date : 2001
Physics With Cold Atoms written by Pradip Narayan Ghosh and has been published by Allied Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Atoms categories.
Laser Cooling And Magnetic Trapping Of Neutral Atoms
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Author : Sung-Leung Ivan So
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Laser Cooling And Magnetic Trapping Of Neutral Atoms written by Sung-Leung Ivan So and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Lasers in physics categories.
Laser Cooling Of Neutral Atoms
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Author : Harold Metcalf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Laser Cooling Of Neutral Atoms written by Harold Metcalf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
A new cooling process was discovered that uses an applied magnetic field to mix differentially light shifted atomic ground state sublevels. It seems to be another form of the polarization scrambling molasses that was appropriate for the ultra-cold measurements on the three dimensional Na molasses at the NBS last year, except that this is a one-dimensional)or perhaps two-dimensional) version. Optical collimation experiments were performed in two dimensions to make a very intense beam of atoms. Measuring a beam profile in two dimensions would require two hot wires scanning in perpendicular directions, and any asymmetry in the line shape could produce ambiguity. It is therefore very desirable to have a neutral atom imaging device. Diode Laser Experiments; High Vacuum System for trap and Molasses; magnetic Trapping of Neutral Atoms; Trapping Metastable Helium; the earliest experiments on optical pumping of helium there has been interest in generating light to excite the first resonance transition from the metastable 2 3S1 state to the 2/3P(O,1,2) states (lifetime tau approx 95 nsec). For 25 years these experiments were done with light from resonance lamps, but the advent of LNA in 1985 provided the opportunity for laser excitation of this important transition. (JHD).
Laser Cooling Trapping And Rydberg Spectroscopy Of Neutral Holmium Atoms
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Laser Cooling Trapping And Rydberg Spectroscopy Of Neutral Holmium Atoms written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This thesis focuses on progress towards using ensembles of neutral holmium for use in quantum computing operations. We are particularly interested in using a switchable interaction between neutral atoms, the Rydberg blockade, to implement a universal set of quantum gates in a collective encoding scheme that presents many benefits over quantum computing schemes which rely on physically distinct qubits. We show that holmium is uniquely suited for operations in a collective encoding basis because it has 128 ground hyperfine states, the largest number of any stable, neutral atom. Holmium is a rare earth atom that is very poorly described for our purposes as it has never been cooled and trapped, its spectrum is largely unknown, and it presents several unique experimental challenges related to its complicated atomic structure and short wavelength transitions. We demonstrate important progress towards overcoming these challenges. We produce the first laser cooling and trapping of holmium into a MOT. Because we use a broad cooling transition, our cooling technique does not require the use of a Zeeman slower. Using MOT depletion spectroscopy, we provide precise measurements of holmium's Rydberg states and its ionization potential. Our work continues towards cooling holmium into a dipole trap by calculating holmium's AC polarizability and demonstrating the results of early attempts at an optical dipole trap. We provide details of future upgrades to the experimental apparatus and discuss interesting potential for using holmium in quantum computing using single atoms in a magnetically trapped lattice. This thesis shows several promising indicators for continued work in this field.
Optical Trapping And Manipulation Of Neutral Particles Using Lasers
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Author : Arthur Ashkin
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
Release Date : 2006
Optical Trapping And Manipulation Of Neutral Particles Using Lasers written by Arthur Ashkin and has been published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Science categories.
This important volume contains selected papers and extensive commentaries on laser trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using radiation pressure forces. Such techniques apply to a variety of small particles, such as atoms, molecules, macroscopic dielectric particles, living cells, and organelles within cells. These optical methods have had a revolutionary impact on the fields of atomic and molecular physics, biophysics, and many aspects of nanotechnology.In atomic physics, the trapping and cooling of atoms down to nanokelvins and even picokelvin temperatures are possible. These are the lowest temperatures in the universe. This made possible the first demonstration of Bose-Einstein condensation of atomic and molecular vapors. Some of the applications are high precision atomic clocks, gyroscopes, the measurement of gravity, cryptology, atomic computers, cavity quantum electrodynamics and coherent atom lasers.A major application in biophysics is the study of the mechanical properties of the many types of motor molecules, mechanoenzymes, and other macromolecules responsible for the motion of organelles within cells and the locomotion of entire cells. Unique in vitro and in vivo assays study the driving forces, stepping motion, kinetics, and efficiency of these motors as they move along the cell's cytoskeleton. Positional and temporal resolutions have been achieved, making possible the study of RNA and DNA polymerases, as they undergo their various copying, backtracking, and error correcting functions on a single base pair basis.Many applications in nanotechnology involve particle and cell sorting, particle rotation, microfabrication of simple machines, microfluidics, and other micrometer devices. The number of applications continues to grow at a rapid rate.The author is the discoverer of optical trapping and optical tweezers. With his colleagues, he first demonstrated optical levitation, the trapping of atoms, and tweezer trapping and manipulation of living cells and biological particles.This is the only review volume covering the many fields of optical trapping and manipulation. The intention is to provide a selective guide to the literature and to teach how optical traps really work.
Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Rubidium 85 Atoms
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Author : Matthew John Szymczak
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Laser Cooling And Trapping Of Neutral Rubidium 85 Atoms written by Matthew John Szymczak and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Lasers in physics categories.
Trapping Of Neutral Atoms
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Author : Nathan Newbury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Trapping Of Neutral Atoms written by Nathan Newbury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Atoms categories.