Learning Theory And Behavior
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Learning Theory And Behavior
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Author : Orval Hobart Mowrer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960
Learning Theory And Behavior written by Orval Hobart Mowrer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Behaviorism (Psychology). categories.
Introduction: historical review and perspective; The law of effect, conditioning, and the problem of punishment; Two factor learning theory: versions one and two; Two conceptions of secondary reinforcement; Secondary reinforcement: a unifying theory; Secondary reinforcement: reservations and complications; Revised two factor theory and the concept of habit; Other theories, and some further evidence, compared; Hope, fear, and field theory; Gradients of reinforcement (type-D and type-I) and temporal integration, Unlearning, conflict, frustration, and courage; Generalization, discrimination, and skill.
Learning Theory And Behaviour Modification
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Author : Stephen Walker
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-13
Learning Theory And Behaviour Modification written by Stephen Walker and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-13 with Psychology categories.
The ability to learn is of crucial importance in human life, but understanding this ability has proved to be difficult. There have been many attempts to formulate scientific theories based on both animal experiments and human experience; and these have been applied to education and the treatment of psychological disturbance, with a certain amount of success. Originally published in 1984, this incisive guide to the research and its outcomes provides the background to one of the most debated topics in psychology today. Learning Theory and Behaviour Modification introduces the work of major figures, such as Pavlov and Skinner, which has strongly influenced theories in educational and clinical psychology, and formed the basis of the techniques known as ‘behaviour modification’. As well as giving examples of these techniques the author relates new ideas about the scope and limits of behaviour modification to recent changes in the views of learning theorists. How much can experiments on animals tell us about human psychology?
Teaching And Learning Theories Behaviorism Cognitivism And Constructivism
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Author : Stephanie Reuter
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2021-11-24
Teaching And Learning Theories Behaviorism Cognitivism And Constructivism written by Stephanie Reuter and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-24 with Education categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Pedagogy - Science, Theory, Anthropology, grade: 1,0, University of Münster, language: English, abstract: The paper begins with a definition of "learning" and "learning theories". In a second part, the three learning theories behaviourism, cognitivism and constructivism are presented. Subsequently, the theoretical explanations are supplemented by three learning programmes, whereby each learning software can be assigned to a specific learning theory. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the three learning theories and their applications in the classroom will be discussed. The human learning process has always been the subject of intensive scientific research, as it is one of the most fascinating and at the same time complex phenomena of all. Humans are capable of learning from birth; babies, for example, learn very quickly how to communicate their needs. The powerful brain (good memory, abstract thinking) and the natural curiosity of humans underline this fact. Learning happens not only consciously (e.g.in school) but often unconsciously (e.g. language acquisition of infants). Nevertheless, not all sensory impressions are stored by the human brain - sensory perceptions are selected and evaluated. For teachers in particular, the question arises as to how their pupils learn so that they can optimally support and accompany the learning processes. In the pedagogical discussion, three learning theories have emerged in recent decades that explain the human learning process very differently: Behaviourism, which emerged in the first half of the 20th century and still has a great influence in the scientific discussion today, cognitivism, which emerged from the criticism of behaviourism, and finally constructivism, which increasingly found its way into the discussion in the 1990s.
Handbook Of Learning And Cognitive Processes Volume 2
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Author : William Estes
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-06-20
Handbook Of Learning And Cognitive Processes Volume 2 written by William Estes and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-20 with Psychology categories.
Originally published in 1975, Volume 2 of this Handbook looks at areas traditionally associated with learning theory such as conditioning, discrimination and behavior theory. It deals with concepts and theories growing principally out of laboratory studies of conditioning and learning. The intention was to treat mechanisms, processes, and principles of some generality – applicable at least to all vertebrates. It was becoming well understood that detailed interpretations of particular behaviors required the authors to take account of the way general principles operate in the context of species-specific behavioral organizations and developmental histories; but detailed consideration of just how these interpretations were accomplished for different animal forms was another enterprise. Here the authors limit their task to abstracting from the enormous literature facts and ideas which seemed general enough to be of interest and perhaps utility to investigators in other disciplines at the time. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced the principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatments of specific research areas that comprise the later volumes. Volume 3 looks at human learning and motivation, while the last 3 volumes range over the many active lines of research identified with human cognitive processes at the time.
Handbook Of Contemporary Learning Theories
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Author : Robert R. Mowrer
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2000-10-01
Handbook Of Contemporary Learning Theories written by Robert R. Mowrer and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-10-01 with Psychology categories.
Mowrer and Klein have long been making contributions to the field of contemporary learning theories. Their first two-volume set included chapters authored by many of the leading researchers in the field of animal learning and focused primarily on Pavlovian theory and instrumental conditioning. These impartial texts were an important addition to the field and remain widely cited. Over the last decade research on the nature of the learning process has evolved considerably. The research in this new volume represents the cutting-edge contributions of first rate authors and co-authors. These 14 chapters deal with the theoretical perspectives concerning the nature of the learning process, as well as the innovative research that supports these positions. This text is bound to be invaluable to both students and faculty of psychology and related disciplines, as well as to outside scholars. Key features include: * an introductory chapter describing general theories of learning and the causes of the shift to more specific, contemporary theories; * five chapters detailing the research and theories of the nature of Pavlovian Conditioning; * four chapters dealing with the current thinking and research on the nature of instrumental operant conditioning; * three chapters describing the link between learning and physiology; and * a concluding chapter detailing the application of learning theory to abnormal psychology.
Contemporary Learning Theories
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Author : Stephen B. Klein
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Contemporary Learning Theories written by Stephen B. Klein and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Psychology categories.
This unique two-volume set provides detailed coverage of contemporary learning theory. Uniting leading experts in modern behavioral theory, these texts give students a complete view of the field. Volume I details the complexities of Pavlovian conditioning and describes the current status of traditional learning theories. Volume II discusses several important facets of instrumental conditioning and presents comprehensive coverage of the role of inheritance on learning. A strong and complete base of knowledge concerning learning theories, these volumes are ideal reference sources for advanced students and professionals in experimental psychology, learning and learning theory, and comparative physiology.
Learning Theory And The Symbolic Processes
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Author : Orval Hobart Mowrer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960
Learning Theory And The Symbolic Processes written by Orval Hobart Mowrer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Language and languages categories.
The reader will find that some much-publicized developments, e.g., those pertaining to so-called "information theory" and "general semantics," receive scant attention, whereas certain unconventional topics, e.g., statistics and probability theory, have been accentuated. The final chapter of the book considers the field of psychopathology. /// Because of the exploratory nature of this book and the general fomentation of the field which it represents, its "audience" cannot be precisely forecase. However, its possible uses as a supplement to the earlier book, Learning Theory and Behavior, and as a basic text in more advanced work in the psychology of learning are obvious.
Recent Trends In Social Learning Theory
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Author : Ross D. Parke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Recent Trends In Social Learning Theory written by Ross D. Parke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Education categories.
Model Directed Learning Albert Bandura S Social Cognitive Learning Theory And Its Social Psychological Significance For School And Instruction
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Author : Liwia Kolodziej
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2015-01-22
Model Directed Learning Albert Bandura S Social Cognitive Learning Theory And Its Social Psychological Significance For School And Instruction written by Liwia Kolodziej and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-22 with Education categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Pedagogy - Science, Theory, Anthropology, grade: 1,7, University of Wuppertal, course: Theory of Learning, language: English, abstract: This term paper explores the subject „Model-directed Learning, Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Learning Theory and its social-psychological Significance for School and Instruction“. The topic touches on several complex scientific areas that cannot be exhaustively discussed and in part can only contribute in a more generalized form to the scope of this term paper. Hence, there is the challenge of setting boundaries at first. The main focus of this paper is on the social cognitive learning theory according to Albert Bandura, with its central statements serving as the theoretical foundation of the paper as a whole. The aim is to investigate, which basic principles Bandura is adopting from human behavior, how he does explain and analyze this approach. This theoretical rationale should be set up in the socio-psychological context of school and instruction. Hence, a main goal of this paper is to establish a theory-practice relevance. In other words, the focus is to investigate which consequences are arising from the social cognitive learning theory for school, teaching, education, and studying. A key aspect of the social cognitive learning theory is model-based learning, thus, the assumption that human learning can happen through observation and imitation of others. In a society, in which humans strive for individuality and originality, imitation and simulation are associated with negative characteristics. Nevertheless, imitation behavior plays an important role even in every day situations. A person’s aggressive behavior or drug habit is often rationalized with the assumption that this behavior was copied from friends, or was due to the influence of others, or being surrounded with the wrong people. This term paper attempts to show the scientific reasoning behind this “everyday wisdom”, to in part rebut and analyze it. Social-psychological aspects in school and instruction will be used to characterize the relationship between social interactions at school, social learning at school, and learning through imitation, including the role of teacher behavior in this context. Researching this topic will serve as a reflection for my goal to become a teacher. I would like to emphasize that this work does solely focus on central general scientific data. Of course, many of these results can be refined in a way that is specific to a situation
Social Learning Theory
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Author : Albert Bandura
language : en
Publisher: Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall ; Toronto : Prentice-Hall of Canada
Release Date : 1977
Social Learning Theory written by Albert Bandura and has been published by Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall ; Toronto : Prentice-Hall of Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Education categories.
An exploration of contemporary advances in social learning theory with special emphasis on the important roles played by cognitive, vicarious, and self-regulatory processes.