Les 100 Cl S De L Afrique
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Official Gazette Of The United States Patent And Trademark Office
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Official Gazette Of The United States Patent And Trademark Office written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Trademarks categories.
La Transition D Mographique De L Afrique
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Author : David Canning
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-09-08
La Transition D Mographique De L Afrique written by David Canning and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Résumé : L'Afrique est sur le bord d'un lancement potentiel de croissance économique soutenue. Cette ascension peut être accélérée par un dividende démographique dû aux changements dans la structure par âge de la population. Les baisses de la mortalité infantile, suivies par la baisse de la fécondité, produisent une génération «renflement» et un grand nombre de personnes d'âge actif, donnant un coup de pouce à l'économie. Dans le court terme, une fécondité plus faible engendre une baisse des taux de dépendance des jeunes et une plus grande participation de la population active féminine en dehors de la maison. La réduction de la taille de la famille signifie également qu’il reste davantage de ressources à investir dans la santé et l'éducation par enfant, augmentant ainsi la productivité future des travailleurs. Au long terme, une durée de vie accrue résultant de l’amélioration dans le domaine de la santé signifie que cette vaste cohorte aux gains élevés sera également désireuse d’épargner pour la retraite ainsi que pour la création de l'épargne et des investissements plus conséquents, conduisant ainsi à d'autres gains de productivité. Deux choses sont nécessaires pour que le dividende démographique génère un décollage économique de l'Afrique. La première consiste à accélérer la baisse de la fécondité qui est actuellement au point mort ou lente dans de nombreux pays. La seconde est les politiques économiques qui profitent de l'occasion offerte par le changement de la démographie. Alors que l'évolution démographique peut produire plus, et des travailleurs de meilleure qualité, cette main-d'œuvre potentielle doit être employée si l'Afrique se doit de récolter le dividende. Cependant, une fois en route, la relation entre l'évolution démographique et le développement humain fonctionne dans les deux sens, c’est-à -dire qu’elle crée un cercle vertueux susceptible d’accélérer la baisse de la fécondité, le développement social et la croissance économique. Les recherches scientifiques montrent trois facteurs clés pour accélérer la transition de la fécondité: la santé des enfants, l'éducation des femmes et l'autonomisation des femmes, notamment par l'accès à la planification familiale. Exploiter le dividende démographique nécessite la création d'emplois pour les grandes cohortes de jeunes qui entrent en âge de travailler et qui stimulent les investissements étrangers jusqu'à faire augmenter l'épargne intérieure et l'investissement. La combinaison appropriée de politiques dans chaque pays dépend de leur stade de transition démographique. Etant la dernière région à subir la transition démographique, l’Afrique peut tirer les leçons des réussites et des échecs des autres régions dans l'exploitation d'un dividende démographique. Le succès exige (i) l'accélération de la transition démographique; (ii) une économie dynamique produisant des revenus et des investissements plus élevés pour une jeunesse mieux éduquée et en meilleure santé.
Esg And Responsible Institutional Investing Around The World A Critical Review
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Author : Pedro Matos
language : en
Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation
Release Date : 2020-05-29
Esg And Responsible Institutional Investing Around The World A Critical Review written by Pedro Matos and has been published by CFA Institute Research Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-29 with Business & Economics categories.
This survey examines the vibrant academic literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing. While there is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues, responsible investors increasingly assess stocks in their portfolios based on nonfinancial data on environmental impact (e.g., carbon emissions), social impact (e.g., employee satisfaction), and governance attributes (e.g., board structure). The objective is to reduce exposure to investments that pose greater ESG risks or to influence companies to become more sustainable. One active area of research at present involves assessing portfolio risk exposure to climate change. This literature review focuses on institutional investors, which have grown in importance such that they have now become the largest holders of shares in public companies globally. Historically, institutional investors tended to concentrate their ESG efforts mostly on corporate governance (the “G” in ESG). These efforts included seeking to eliminate provisions that restrict shareholder rights and enhance managerial power, such as staggered boards, supermajority rules, golden parachutes, and poison pills. Highlights from this section: · There is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues and their materiality. · The ESG issue that gets the most attention from institutional investors is climate change, in particular their portfolio companies’ exposure to carbon risk and “stranded assets.” · Investors should be positioning themselves for increased regulation, with the regulatory agenda being more ambitious in the European Union than in the United States. Readers might come away from this survey skeptical about the potential for ESG investing to affect positive change. I prefer to characterize the current state of the literature as having a “healthy dose of skepticism,” with much more remaining to be explored. Here, I hope the reader comes away with a call to action. For the industry practitioner, I believe that the investment industry should strive to achieve positive societal goals. CFA Institute provides an exemplary case in its Future of Finance series (www.cfainstitute.org/research/future-finance). For the academic community, I suggest we ramp up research aimed at tackling some of the open questions around the pressing societal goals of ESG investing. I am optimistic that practitioners and academics will identify meaningful ways to better harness the power of global financial markets for addressing the pressing ESG issues facing our society.
Ivoirien Capitalism
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Author : John Rapley
language : en
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
Release Date : 1993
Ivoirien Capitalism written by John Rapley and has been published by Lynne Rienner Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Capitalism categories.
Though studies of capitalism in Africa traditionally focus on the activities of foreign investment, in Cote d'Ivoire capitalist development has been largely the work of a domestic class of entrepreneurs.
The British And Foreign Review Or European Quarterly Journal
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1835
The British And Foreign Review Or European Quarterly Journal written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1835 with categories.
Borderlands And Frontiers In Africa
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Author : Steven van Wolputte
language : en
Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster
Release Date : 2013
Borderlands And Frontiers In Africa written by Steven van Wolputte and has been published by LIT Verlag Münster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Political Science categories.
This volume addresses the marked influence that African borders and boundaries, whether real or imaginary, have on the lives of those inhabiting the borderland. How do political and symbolic borders take concrete shape, and how do they bear on daily life? Conversely, how does life in the borderland shape the borders that characterize it? The book recognizes borderlands as shifting places, times, or domains where competing discourses and regimes of power overlap. Characterized by overt contradiction and paradox, they are often imagined at the outside. Yet, they pertain to and define the center. The collected case studies challenge the assumption that states and anonymized institutions are the principal actors in border-making. Instead, they argue for an actor-oriented perspective, while drawing attention to the "physicality" of the borderscape. (Series: African Studies / Afrikanische Studien - Vol. 40)
Geographers Volume 27
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Author : Charles W. J. Withers
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2011-10-27
Geographers Volume 27 written by Charles W. J. Withers and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-27 with History categories.
An annual collection of studies of individuals who have made major contributions to the development of geography and geographical thought.
The Anti Jacobin Review And Magazine Or Monthly Political And Literary Censor
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1801
The Anti Jacobin Review And Magazine Or Monthly Political And Literary Censor written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1801 with categories.
The Quarterly Review London
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language : en
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The Quarterly Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1815
The Quarterly Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1815 with categories.